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Topic: Voting Rights Act

  
 Voting Rights Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Act was sent to Congress by President Lyndon Johnson on March 17, 1965.
However, the Voting Rights Act and three constitutional amendments that prevent discrimination in granting the franchise have established in United States Supreme Court jurisprudence that there is a "fundamental right" in the franchise, even though voting remains a state-granted privilege.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (Public Law 89-10) outlawed the requirement that would-be voters in the United States take literacy tests to qualify to register to vote, and it provided for federal registration of voters in areas that had less than 50% of eligible voters registered.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act   (572 words)

  
 usnews.com: The People's Vote: Voting Rights Act (1965)
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was readopted and strengthened in 1970, 1975, and 1982.
Because the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was the most significant statutory change in the relationship between the Federal and state governments in the area of voting since the Reconstruction period following the Civil War, it was immediately challenged in the courts.
The use of poll taxes in national elections had been abolished by the 24th amendment (1964) to the Constitution; the Voting Rights Act directed the Attorney General to challenge the use of poll taxes in state and local elections.
http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page100.htm   (563 words)

  
 The 1965 Voting Rights Act
The 1965 Voting Rights Act was a natural follow on to the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
Ironically, the 1964 Act had resulted in an outbreak of violence in the South.
Johnson introduced to Congress the idea of a Voting Rights Act in what is considered to be one of his best speeches:
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/1965_voting_rights_act.htm   (436 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is generally recognized as one of the seminal pieces of legislation enacted by Congress.
The Supreme Court has cited the Voting Rights Act’s congressional record as the model in recent cases where it struck down civil rights laws after finding that Congress had not established a record of discrimination to support its remedial legislation.
In the original enactment of the Voting Rights Act and in subsequent reauthorizations, Congress has made sure that Voting Rights Act remedies were proportionate to the problems Congress sought to cure.
http://www.votingrightsact.org/aboutcommission/goals.html   (999 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act
Opponents of voting reform have argued that judges should be exempt from the Act's provisions because judges are not meant to represent the population.
Unfortunately, considerable resistance to voting reform of all kinds is prevalent not only in the South, but throughout the country: 11 states have refused to comply with the "Motor Voter" law, and lawsuits have been filed by the Justice Department and ACLU voting rights advocates in those states.
In 1991, the Supreme Court declared that the Voting Rights Act does apply to the judiciary, and change is finally underway.
http://afgen.com/voting.html   (8818 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act of 1965 Voting Rights Law Questia.com Online Library
Katzenbach 1966...Acts of 1957, 1960, and 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of...
Voting Rights and Redistricting in the United States (Part II "The Impact of the Voting Rights Act")
In 1965 the passage of the Voting Rights Act VRA heralded an emphasis on voter registration...the VRA.
http://questia.com/library/.../voting-rights-act-of-1965.jsp   (802 words)

  
 The History of CORE
The Voting Rights Act was extended in 1970, 1975, and 1982 and despite some setbacks and debates, the Voting Rights Act had an enormous impact.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, meant to reverse this disenfranchisement, grew out of both public protest and private political negotiation.
The resolution, signed into law on August 6, 1965, empowered the federal government to oversee voter registration and elections in counties that had used tests to determine voter eligibility or where registration or turnout had been less than 50 percent in the 1964 presidential election.
http://www.core-online.org/history/voting_rights.htm   (474 words)

  
 The Avalon Project : Voting Rights Act of 1965; August 6, 1965
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress [p*338] assembled, That this Act shall be known as the "Voting Rights Act of 1965."
Voting Rights Act of 1965; August 6, 1965
Section 2004 of the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C.1971), as amended by section 131 of the Civil Rights Act of 1957 (71 Stat.
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/statutes/voting_rights_1965.htm   (1399 words)

  
 Our Documents - Home
Acting under the instruction of the Virginia Convention, Richard Henry Lee on June 7, 1776, introduced a resolution in the Second Continental Congress proposing independence for the colonies.
Citation: Lee Resolution showing congressional vote, July 2, 1776; Papers of the Continental Congress, 1774-1783; Records of the Continental and Confederation Congresses and the Constitutional Convention, 1774-1789, Record Group 360; National Archives.
New York cast no vote until the newly elected New York Convention upheld the Declaration of Independence on July 9, 1776.
http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=100   (298 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act: Online Discussion
We are advocating for the strengthening of the Voting Rights Act, not its weakening.
Therefore, we anticipate court challenges to the Voting Rights Act once it is renewed, as well.
Because African-Americans vote overwhelmingly Democratic, another side effect of clustering black voters into one district is that it strips Democratic voters from neighboring districts in a way that can give a political advantage to Republican candidates.
http://www.movingideas.org/chat/VRA/VRA.php   (3606 words)

  
 AFRO-AMERICAN ALMANAC - African-American History Resource
The 15th amendment to the Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 prohibit racial discrimination in voting.
Under the 15th amendment and the Voting Rights Act no one may be denied the right to vote because of his or her race or color.
To combat this situation Congress included in the Voting Rights Act, in addition to permanent provisions banning racial discrimination, special provisions containing extraordinary remedies that applied in certain areas of the nation for a limited time period.
http://www.toptags.com/aama/voices/commentary/voting.htm   (431 words)

  
 VOTING RIGHTS ACT / The right to vote still under assault after 40 years / Key provisions of anti-bias law are up for ...
When the Voting Rights Act first passed, white politicians in Southern states attempted to redraw district lines in such ways that blacks could not be elected, according to Raymond Wolfinger, a political science professor at UC Berkeley who specializes in voting issues.
Black men won the right to vote in the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1870.
As civil rights advocates launch a campaign to renew provisions that will expire in 2007, the law is still invoked in election discrimination debates stretching from Georgia's gerrymandered congressional districts to Monterey County's sprawling farmland.
http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/08/05/MNG1ME3JJG1.DTL   (1523 words)

  
 We Shall Overcome -- The Players
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which required equal access to public places and outlawed discrimination in employment, was a major victory of the black freedom struggle, but the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was its crowning achievement.
Introducing the Voting Rights Act to Congress, March 15, 1965
When Congress passed the Voting Rights Act, barely 100 African Americans held elective office in the U.S.; by 1989 there were more than 7,200, including more than 4,800 in the South.
http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/prize.htm   (707 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act
Although opposed by politicians from the Deep South, the Voting Rights Act was passed by large majorities in the House of Representatives (333 to 48) and the Senate (77 to 19).
This proposed legislation removed the right of states to impose restrictions on who could vote in elections.
In July 1964, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAvoting65.htm   (991 words)

  
 The Voting Rights Act Of 1965
As the Supreme Court put it in its 1966 decision upholding the constitutionality of the Act:
Finally, the unprovoked attack on March 7, 1965, by state troopers on peaceful marchers crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, en route to the state capitol in Montgomery, persuaded the President and Congress to overcome Southern legislators' resistance to effective voting rights legislation.
Virginia State Board of Elections, 383 U.S. 663 (1966), the Supreme Court held Virginia's poll tax to be unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment.
http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/voting/intro/intro_b.htm   (757 words)

  
 The 40th Anniversary of the Voting Rights Act
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (VRA) represents the American people’s willingness to defeat this tradition of state prerogative by wielding federal power to ensure the political empowerment of black Americans.
The problem was not that African-Americans lacked the legal right to vote—as we have seen, the Fifteenth Amendment already barred racial discrimination in voting rights—but rather that some state and local officials had systematically deprived blacks of those rights.
With the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, many activists turned their attention to securing voting rights in the South.
http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/civilrights/votingsf.htm   (2026 words)

  
 ACLU :: Voting Rights Act :: ACLU Voting Rights :: Home
The Voting Rights Act is enacted as a permanent federal statute that allows for direct action to ensure the protection of minority voting rights.
Protects voters by requiring that states with a documented history of discriminatory voting practices and low voter turnout submit planned changes in their election laws or procedures to federal officials or judges for prior approval...
In the 40 years since its passage, the Voting Rights Act has guaranteed millions of Americans the equal opportunity to participate in the political process.
http://www.votingrights.org   (380 words)

  
 Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Civil Rights Act of 1964".
(4) It shall be the duty of the chief judge of the district (or in his absence, the acting chief judge) in which the case is pending immediately to designate a judge in such district to hear and determine the case.
The General Counsel shall have such other duties as the Commission may prescribe or as may be provided by law and shall concur with the Chairman of the Commission on the appointment and supervision of regional attorneys.
http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/vii.html   (3327 words)

  
 The Democratic Party
Sign the petition urging the reauthorization of the Voting Rights Act.
Educate yourself by reading the DNC's Voting Rights Institute's report on the 2004 election in Ohio.
Forty years ago the Voting Rights Act (VRA) was created to ensure African Americans the right to vote without fear of intimidation, suppression, or harassment.
http://www.democrats.org/a/national/election_reform/voting_rights/vra40   (555 words)

  
 Protect Voting Rights: Renew the VRA - frequently asked questions
It was held constitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1966, in South Carolina v.
A formula designed by Congress applies Section 5 to any state or county where a literacy test was used as of November 1, 1964, and where a participation rate of under 50 percent by eligible voters in the 1964 presidential election showed the test had a racially discriminatory basis.
Why is the Voting Rights Act an issue now?
http://www.civilrights.org/campaigns/vra/learn_more/faq.html   (1740 words)

  
 The Democratic Party
"The Voting Rights Act is an act for all Americans.
This historic legislation codified the rights we still hold dear and is as relevant and necessary today as it was when it gave hope to the burgeoning numbers of Americans who went to the polls to vote despite fear, intimidation and violence," said Dean.
As part of the celebration of the right of all Americans to participate in the political process, DNC Chairman Howard Dean will make remarks on the Act to the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in Birmingham, AL and the National Association of Black Journalists (NABJ) in Atlanta, GA this week.
http://www.democrats.org/a/2005/08/dnc_celebrates.php   (390 words)

  
 The Voting Rights Act turns 40 - Race in America - MSNBC.com
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banning discrimination in housing, public accommodations and voting was signed into law weeks after James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner, three civil rights workers who had been registering black voters during Freedom Summer, were slain in Mississippi.
In 1944, spurred by the legal groundwork of NAACP counsel (and later Supreme Court justice) Thurgood Marshall, the Supreme Court issued a landmark ruling, Smith vs. Allwright, banning all-white primary elections in Texas and setting the stage for the first tentative increases in black and Hispanic voter registration in Texas and in other states.
The historic significance of the Voting Rights Act can be measured by the changes the law ushered in and that still resonate today.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8487686   (936 words)

  
 Ballots in the Balance: Does the 1965 Voting Rights Act Still Matter? by Richard M. Valelly
The Voting Rights Act is today widely recognized as perhaps the premier case of a national law that can institute broad and desirable political change.
After the fact Helms was forced by the Department of Justice to stipulate that his program was impermissible under the Voting Rights Act.
Opponents and supporters of the Voting Rights Act are now meeting and planning for the congressional review.
http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/845303.html   (1104 words)

  
 [No title]
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a significant piece of legislation that guarantees the right to vote to African American citizens.
As a result of the Act, the national government intervened in areas where African Americans were denied the right to vote.
Will the proposed change lead to ìretrogression,î a worsening of the position of minority voters?
http://www.fairvote.org/vra/vra.htm   (439 words)

  
 The Voting Rights Act: what it is and what it's done or Voting Rights Act boosted minority representation
Both civil rights advocates, who tend to be Democrats, and the nation's leading Republicans have pledged to renew the expiring provisions of the law in the coming year.
When Johnson signed the law, as few as 300 blacks held elective office in the nation, according to the Voting Rights Act Collaborative, a coalition of civil rights groups working to renew the provisions of the law that are temporary.
In March 1965, black protesters demanding the right to vote in Selma, Ala.
http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/08/05/MNG1ME3JIS1.DTL   (425 words)

  
 TPMCafe Whither the Voting Rights Act?
Today marks the 40th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which finally gave the force of federal law to the Fifteenth Amendment guaranteeing all U.S. citizens the right to vote.
For one thing, Sensenbrenner is pushing for a 25-year reauthorization of VRA, and some constitutional scholars fear such a long extension could run into serious trouble as an insufficiently narrowly-tailored race-conscious remedy--especially if the Supreme Court tilts Right between now and next year.
So: VRA reauthorization may be the only opportunity we'll get until Democrats retake Congress or the White House to shine a large spotlight on the shameful lapses in our system of voter registration and elections.
http://www.tpmcafe.com/story/2005/8/6/23403/22720   (2459 words)

  
 civilrights.org -- The Voting Rights Act at 40: The Battle is Not Yet Over
As the 40th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (VRA) draws near, civil rights groups and voting rights experts around the country are working to ensure that the public understands the importance of this historic legislation and the continued need to ensure that the right to vote is secured for all Americans.
Five months after Selma, a bipartisan Congress passed the Voting Rights Act and President Johnson signed it into law on August 6, 1965.
The huge increase in minority elected officials is a testament to the Act's success.
http://www.civilrights.org/issues/voting/details.cfm?id=34396   (659 words)

  
 NPR : Andrew Young and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Andrew Young and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
NPR : Andrew Young and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Young talks with Scott Simon about the fight to protect the right to vote for minorities and the current state of democracy in America.
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4788074   (234 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act - InfoSearchPoint.com
The United States Voting Rights Act of 1965 outlawed literacy tests and provided for federal registration of African-American voters in areas that had less than 50% of eligible voters registered.
1971 26th Amendment Voting age reduced to 18 for all elections
1984 PL 98-435 Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped Act
http://www.infosearchpoint.com/display/Voting_Rights_Act   (103 words)

  
 Captain's Quarters
Republican Congressman James Sensenbrenner has told the NAACP that he intends on shepherding the renewal of expiring portions of the Voting Rights Act, a key issue for the NAACP and other minority groups.
Courts can be as corrupt as local governments, after all; that is one of the reasons why the Civil Rights Acts and the Voting Rights Act exists.
Because there was strong evidence that in 1952, as a republican, he worked as a POLL WATCHER in Arizona, to "test" Blacks who came to vote, to see if they were intelligent enough to cast their votes.
http://www.captainsquartersblog.com/mt/archives/004915.php   (1726 words)

  
 Eschaton
But, Yglesias is right here to chastize Peter Beinart for writing "If Dean were the nominee, flip-flops wouldn't be the issue; Iraq would." Beinart should be smart enough to understand that the Republicans run virtually the same campaign in every single election.
We'll be getting some Republican votes not by being a Republican-lite, but by embracing a proud liberal position.
The president - 95 percent of the containers that come into the ports, right here in Florida, are not inspected.
http://atrios.blogspot.com/2004_09_26_atrios_archive.html   (8055 words)

  
 The Urban Grind » Blog Archive » The Renewal of the Voting Rights Act
Gonzales, the son of migrant workers from Mexico, said the Justice Department was committed to enforcing the act’s protections to ensure equal opportunity to vote.
The Urban Grind » Blog Archive » The Renewal of the Voting Rights Act
8 Responses to “The Renewal of the Voting Rights Act”
http://theurbangrindblog.com/2005/08/02/the-renewal-of-the-voting-rights-act   (1105 words)

  
 Rainbow/PUSH Advocacy
Whereas, 1965 Voting Rights Act is one of the nation’s most important civil and human rights victories leading to political empowerment and voter enfranchisement;
Whereas, key provisions of the Voting Rights Act will expire in August 2007 unless Congress acts to reauthorize them;
AND BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT THE RAINBOW/PUSH COALITION WILL INITIATE A MASS MARCH AND RALLY IN AUGUST 2005 COMMEMORATING THE 40TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT AND MOBILIZING FOR ITS EXTENSION IN 2007;
http://advocacy.rainbowpush.org/signthepetition1.htm   (172 words)

  
 Voting Rights Act The News is NowPublic.com
USATODAY.com Nation - Top Stories: The Voting Rights Act, which hits its 40th anniversary Saturday, remains a hedge against discriminatory election practices long...
African-American anniversary Atlanta blacks civil rights demonstrations demonstrators discrimination election practices Events Jesse Jackson law march Minorities Mississippi NAACP People & Celebrities racial equality USA
Drive chanting, singing and marching on Saturday in support of extending the 40-year-old Voting Righ...
http://www.nowpublic.com/taxonomy/term/5478   (86 words)

  
 TITLE 42 , CHAPTER 20 , SUBCHAPTER I , Sec. 1971.
The court may appoint one or more persons who are qualified voters in the judicial district, to be known as voting referees, who shall subscribe to the oath of office required by section
he is qualified under State law to vote, and
The compensation to be allowed to any persons appointed by the court pursuant to this subsection shall be fixed by the court and shall be payable by the United States.
http://www.thecre.com/fedlaw/legal6/uscode42-1971.htm   (1187 words)

  
 NPR : Voting Rights Act
News & Notes with Ed Gordon, July 25, 2005 · On Tuesday, civil rights groups from across the country will gather in Washington, D.C. to mark the 40th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act.
Several provisions of that landmark act are set to expire two years from now.
Host Ed Gordon talks with Wade Henderson, Executive Director of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, and Larry Gonzalez, Director of the Washington Office of the National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials Educational Fund.
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4769685   (147 words)

  
 Welcome to The American Presidency
The 2004 U.S. Presidential Election: How We Vote
Copyright © 2006 Scholastic Library Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved.
http://ap.grolier.com   (37 words)

  
 American Civil Liberties Union: 404
Use the ACLU website's site search engine (above right).
Try browsing by topic using the navigation menus (at right or above).
Most links will automatically redirect to the page's new location, but if you have a problem finding something, please try one of these options:
http://www.aclu.org/issues/racial/racevote.html   (128 words)

  
 US CODE: Title 42,CHAPTER 20—ELECTIVE FRANCHISE
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.
SUBCHAPTER I-G—REGISTRATION AND VOTING BY ABSENT UNIFORMED SERVICES VOTERS AND OVERSEAS VOTERS IN ELECTIONS FOR FEDERAL OFFICE
http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/42/ch20.html   (45 words)

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