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| | Song Dynasty -- Political, Social, Cultural, Historical Analysis Of China |
 | | Song Court was frequently on the run, from one island to another, along the coast, and on May 8th of AD 1278, the new Song Emperor died of illness within two years of enthronement. | | | Song court conferred the post of an-hu-shi onto Xia Song for the territories of Jing-Yuan-Qin-Feng, and the post of an-hu-shi onto Fan Yong for the territories of Fu-Yan-Huan-Qing. | | | Song court further gave out a reward for the head of Li Yuanhao, i.e., rewarding as governor-general of ding nan jie-du-shi. |
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http://www.uglychinese.org/song.htm
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| | MSN Encarta - Song Dynasty |
| | In 1126 the Jin captured the imperial court and took it north. | | | Then, in hopes of recovering the 16 prefectures and more from the Liao, the Song court allied itself with the Jurchens, who had founded the Jin dynasty in 1115. | | | The Tangut state also received an annual subsidy from the Song once peace was made in 1044. |
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http://ca.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761551755/Song_Dynasty.html
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| | Song dynasty Temmoku tea bowls |
| | All opinions is the authors and is given as such with all hazards of judgeing anything from a photo. | | | We had a close family friend, Harry Caldwell, long time missionary to South China, especially Fukien province, in the first half of the 20th century. | | | From your description probably with an unusual glaze called "Hares fur". |
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http://www.gotheborg.com/qa/temmoku.shtml
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| | Northern Song dynasty - History of China |
| | Wang Anshi argued that officals had lost the ‘Dao’ of creating wealth; as chief councilor (equivalent to prime minister) under a supportive Emperor Shenzong he created a national school system to teach his interpretation of the classics. | | | The Tanguts consolidated power in this region and the Xia state was declared officially in 1038. | | | During the Song, civil service examinations became the primary means of recruiting officials, and the practice of appointing officials who had not taken the examinations died out. |
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http://www.melanconent.com/lib/knowl/history/china/song/north.html
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| | AnywhereChina.com - History Page - Song Dynasty |
| | When the emperor and Wang died within a year of each other, the new laws were withdrawn. | | | Massive payments to the barbarians under the peace terms depleted the state treasury, caused hardship to taxpaying peasants, and gave rise to a conflict in the court among advocates of war, those who favored peace, and reformers. | | | For the next several decades, until the fall of the Northern Song in 1126, the reformers and antireformers alternated in power, creating havoc and turmoil in government. |
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http://www.anywherechina.com/history/dynasties/song/song.htm
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| | Chinese History - Song Dynasty å® map and geography (www.chinaknowledge.de) |
| | The largest administration unit of the Song Empire was the circuit (lu è·¯), a kind of proto-province. | | | Like before, the largest administration unit of the Song Empire was the circuit (lu è·¯), but much of the territory was lost to the Jin Empire, and many prefectures were risen to the status of superior prefectures. | | | When the Song court fled to the south in 1127, escaping the troops of the Jürchen Jin Dynasty é‘ in the north, they established a new capital in the lower Yangtse area: Lin'anfu è¨å®åº, the modern Hangzhou æå·/Zhejiang. |
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http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Song/song-map.html
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| | Song dynasty -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | Historical survey of this eighth century dynasty of the Muslim Empire of the Caliphate. | | | Discussion of the end of the Warring States period, the imperial era, and the era of disunity. | | | Includes a map and pictures that focus on the Shang and the Zhou, descriptions of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods, and discussion of the School of Literati, Confucius, Mencius, and Legalism. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9379101
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| | China in the Song Dynasty |
| | Since the majority within the government since the Tang Dynasty were Confucian scholars who had been selected via the imperial examinations, these scholars became officials who served at the capital or at the provinces; those who passed the lower levels of examinations would serve at lower levels, e.g. | | | By the mid-Tang Dynasty, the majority of the hereditary aristocracy were threatened their political positions, and by late Tang/early Song, the scholar/gentry had firmly established his social/political/intellectual control of China. | | | Border uprisings not only led to the end of the Tang Dynasty, but again plunged China into many warring states, before they were reunified under the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty. |
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http://www.iun.edu/~hisdcl/h425/songdynasty.htm
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| | Northern Song (Sung) Dynasty: Ancient China Dynasties |
| | For the remainder of his reign, Taizu concentrated his efforts upon winning over the southern states. | | | Such was his success that by the time of his death in 976 apart from Zhejiang, Shanxi, Nanzhao and the area ruled by the Qidan, the country had come under Song control. | | | Zhao took the name Taizu and established his capital city in Dongjing (present city of Kaifeng). |
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http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/song.htm
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| | History of Chinese calligraphy : Song dynasty |
| | Born in Fen Ning (belongs to Jiang Xi province today), he studied Cao Shu for more than 30 years. | | | Even during Song dynasty, the Chinese armies often were defeated by the minority armies in north of today's China. | | | But the reason behind this is the Confucian culture were limiting of the development of the who society of China. |
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http://www.wavedancing.net/history/song.htm
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| | Imperial Era: III |
| | 1167?-1227) and the supreme leader of all Mongol tribes, began his drive against the Southern Song. | | | The stability of the Ming dynasty, which was without major disruptions of the population (then around 100 million), economy, arts, society, or politics, promoted a belief among the Chinese that they had achieved the most satisfactory civilization on earth and that nothing foreign was needed or welcome. | | | Even before the extinction of the Song dynasty, Kublai Khan had established the first alien dynasty to rule all China--the Yuan (1279-1368). |
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http://www-chaos.umd.edu/history/imperial3.html
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| | Song Dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Song court retreated south of the Yangtze River and made their capital at Hangzhou. | | | The northern Jin dynasty was overrun by the Mongols in 1234, who subsequently took control of northern China and maintained uneasy relations with the Southern Song court (A hasty peace treaty was settled, when Kublai Khan received the news of Möngee's death, the ruler of the Mongols. | | | In 1276 the Southern Song court fled to Guangdong by boat, fleeing Mongol invaders, leaving Emperor Gong of Song China behind. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Dynasty
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| | Liu Song Dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | "Song Wudi was also referred to as Liu Yu. | | | This page was last modified 09:14, 15 March 2006. | | | A number of emperors were incompetent and/or tyrannical, which at least partially led to many military revolts. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Dynasty_(420-479)
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| | Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127 A.D.) Special Topics Page Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art |
| | Painters from all parts of the empire were recruited to serve the needs of the court. | | | An important outgrowth of Song political unification after the war-torn Five Dynasties period (907–60) was the creation of a distinctive style of court painting under the auspices of the Imperial Painting Academy. | | | The early Northern Song dynasty witnessed the flowering of one of the supreme artistic expressions of Chinese civilization: monumental landscape painting. |
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http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/nsong/hd_nsong.htm
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| | Chinese history, Song dynasty |
| | This was reflected in the painful practice of | | | Northern China was controlled by five successive short-lived dynasties, while at the same time, the South was held by ten independent kingdoms. | | | Eleventh-century Song China became the wealthiest, most populous and prosperous nation on earth. |
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http://www.hometownchina.com/song.htm
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| | The Northern and Southern Song dynasties |
| | This period did not last long, as in 1210 A.D. the Mongols began to assault the Song, and in 1279, the Yuan, or Mongol empire began. | | | While not the only person to write about Confucianism, he was the one who combined others works with his and best organized the beliefs. | | | He was a general, made emperor by his soldiers in 960 A.D. Unlike the generals before him who had declared themselves emperors of dynasties that soon failed, Chao K’uang-yin lived a long life. |
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http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/classical_imperial_china/song.html
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| | Bei Song Dynasty (960-1120 A.D.) |
| | Si Ma Guan became Prime Minister and abolished the reform (1086 A.D.). | | | Faced with criticisms that the reform was too rush, Wang resigned as Prime Minister in 1,076 A.D. Song Zhe Zong | | | Song Tai Zu Zhao Kuang Yin took over Zhou and became the first emperor of Song Dynasty |
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http://www.yutopian.com/history/beisong.html
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| | Porcelain Collection |
| | The precursors of Ding ware are thought to have been made from as early as the eighth century. | | | It is also generally thought that Ru wares were produced only during the Northern Song period, although some evidence exists that they may have been produced for a time by the Southern Song Court. | | | ‘Official’ and unofficial imitations of both were made contemporaneously during the Song Dynasty as well as later during the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1644-1911). |
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http://www.lokapala.com/porcelaincollection.cfm
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| | The Song Confucians |
| | The same message is conveyed in Sima Guang's account of the conversation between Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and his Imperial Censor who kept the records of his deeds and words, that a loyal minister would record the words and deeds of the emperor truthfully for the sake of the empire. | | | While objectivity means impartial accounts of the truth, which is often treated as a transcendental authority, Liu's emphasis on historians' honesty about the past adhered to the Confucian emphasis on ministers' loyalty to the king through speaking the truth even at the cost of the ministers' lives. | | | Sima Guang, prime minister after Wang Anshi and a Confucian scholar, edited one of the greatest imperial histories in Chinese history, called the Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance. |
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http://www.iun.edu/~hisdcl/h425/songhistory.htm
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| | Coin history - Song |
| | This practice was followed on most coins during the rest of the dynasty | | | The second emperor Xiao Zong began to mark the year of issue on the reverse of his coins. | | | The first emperor had three reign titles, but the legend on his coins were Song Yuan Tong Bao which meant origin of Song. |
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http://chinesecoins.lyq.dk/History/Coin_history_Song_Dynasty.htm
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| | Song Dynasty, Sung Dynasty |
| | This adoption of ancient Confucian ways led to a decline of Buddhism, which the Song Chinese considered as foreign and not practical for the solution of political, economic or social problems of the times. | | | Firstly, the Northern Song when the capital was in Dongjing (present day Kaifeng City in Henna Province) from 960 to 1127. | | | The power of the regional military generals and governors were replaced by centrally appointed civilian officials that adhered to a strict code of conduct to prevent corruption. |
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http://www.thejadetrade.com/ian/p8c.html
(960 words)
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| | NOVA Online Secrets of Lost Empires China Bridge China's Age of Invention |
| | NOVA: You've made a strong case for the impact of gunpowder all over the world. | | | But in the Song Dynasty, the government promoted the publication of the Confucian texts called "The Canons." These texts had to be studied by examination candidates. | | | But were there major non-military inventions during the Song Dynasty that had an impact worldwide? |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/china/age.html
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| | Chinese History - Song Dynasty å® (www.chinaknowledge.de) |
| | The Song period is marked by a revival of old Confucian traditions after the Tang age of Buddhism, and the prevailing position of civil scholars over the military age of Tang and Five Dynasties. | | | But Song culture was also a culmination of the heritage of two thousand years of culture, and from this point of crystallization on, Chinese thinking became orthodox, culture became sterile as if it had been unchanged since thousands of years. | | | The Song time is often called a "Chinese Renaissance" because - similar to the European renaissance - progress in technology and inventions, the upcoming of new philosophical interpretations of the old texts meant a renewal of the old and the creation of new streamings. |
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http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Song/song.html
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| | A study of Tea Culture during Tang and Song Dynasty - Part IV |
| | This was a mistake that most of the western scholars made. | | | During Song Dynasty, there was a poem describing the state of "Zen". | | | The poem stated "As you see the water falls from Sean Lu, you could hear the sound like coming from chi-shee". |
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http://www.rdandt.com/HISTORY/history19.htm
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| | Week XI: Part 2 TRADITIONAL CHINA: CHINSE LANDSCAPE PAINTING |
| | The world was thought to be inspired by the "Supreme Ultimate" (or what the Daoists called the "Way"), which the neo-Confucianists called li (law), a moral law identical to the ethical code upon which human conduct should be modelled. | | | The Song period produced the first important academy of painting in the Far East and among the early members were the landscapists. | | | In a few brief paragraphs he defined the famous Six Laws which became the cornerstone of all later Chinese aesthetics: spirit consonance and life movement; structural strength in use of brush; fidelity to object; correct color; proper placing and disposition; transmission of ancient masters by copying. |
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http://www.pitt.edu/~asian/week-10/week-10.2.html
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| | Ancient China: Jin Dynasty |
| | For nearly a year, the configuration changed greatly: the previously mighty Liao was defeated and the Jurchen established a state of its own, the Jin Dynasty. | | | At the outset of the Jin reign, Jurchen were still in the stage of slavery, although it dominated the advanced Liao and Song regions which were highly feudalized. | | | In the following years, as the army became more and more powerful, they began to invade the southern regimes such as the Northern and Southern Song, and subdued them. |
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http://www.warriortours.com/intro/history/jin_dynasty
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| | Historical Background and the Song Dynasty |
| | The formula that was created was a well guarded secret used only by the Emperor, his family and members of the Royal Court. | | | The secret formula was lost through the ruins of past dynasties until recently when it was accidentally uncovered by Dr. Kou M. Hwang. | | | Kou M. Hwang, Ph.D, refined the secret formula from the original notes of the emperors physician creating Royal OsteoPower and, now brings to you these great herbal ingredients from "The Royal Courts of the Song Dynasty". |
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http://www.shrenger.com/ROP/historical.htm
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| | Song Dynasty Town |
| | This recreation of a Song Dynasty town is in Hangzhou. | | | The husband Mr.Chen2 (The king's brother in-law) attempted to kill his wife Qing2 xiang1 lian2 and their children for keeping the marriage with the Princess. | | | Maggie's family had this type of furniture when she was a child. |
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http://www.hpmuseum.org/china/trip3/songtown.htm
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| | Asian Spirit - China - Song Dynasty |
| | This crackled style of pottery became sought after by the collector and connoisseur alike. | | | The Song Dynasty strengthened Confucianism as the State religion. | | | These kilns each specialized in their own expertise and each were known regionally for what they did best. |
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http://asianspiritgallery.com/china_song.html
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| | Brian Page Antiques Directory |
| | This exceptional figure was made during the middle part of the Tang Dynasty (AD 618 - 906). | | | Such bowls were fired in saggars (the fireproof clay case) that were stacked on top of each other in the kiln. |
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http://www.trocadero.com/stores/brianpage/catalog30.html
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| | Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279 A.D.) Special Topics Page Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art |
| | In 1125, when the Jurchen, a seminomadic people from northeast Asia, invaded Song China and captured the capital at Bianliang (modern Kaifeng), founding their own Jin dynasty in the north, the Song court reestablished itself in the south in Hangzhou, where it continued to rule for another 150 years as the Southern Song dynasty. | | | Like painting, the plastic arts responded to two different aesthetics—that of the imperial court and that of popular culture. | | | The Southern Song Imperial Painting Academy continued the stylistic direction and high technical standards established by Emperor Huizong in the early twelfth century. |
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http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ssong/hd_ssong.htm
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| | Song Dynasty |
| | FengShui now effected decisions such as building sites, burial sites and the irrigation of the land which together had enormous impact on the prosperity of a family. | | | The Compass School originated in the North of China (where the relative flat nature of the terrain necessitated the development of a different method to that of the Form School). | | | The patronage of the various Song emperors was not always in evidence as some believed whilst others did not in the practice of feng shui. |
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http://www.fengshui-astrology.com/SongDynasty.html
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| | China's Dynasty: Song Dynasty |
| | The emperor had to appoint those who were confrontationists in authority. | | | Since the Southern Song had a succession of many monarchs and did not take any particular defensive actions at all, it was rather difficult for the dynasty to maintain its power. | | | In the early stage, this new regime was always threatened by the Jin Dynasty (1115 - 1234) who ruled the northern China at that time. |
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http://www.warriortours.com/intro/history/song/southern.htm
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| | Song Dynasty - Bookings |
| | Song Dynasty has been commissioned to compose and produce music for the VOICES OF VINEGAR HILL project, to be held over a week in March 2004, in Western Sydney. | | | It is believed to have been the first armed uprising in the colony. | | | This email is intended for individuals and groups interested in the work of Song Dynasty Music and Events. |
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http://www.songdynasty.com.au/news1_oct03.htm
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| | artnet.com: Resource Library: Gaozong, Emperor of the Song dynasty |
| | China, §V, 3(vii)(b): Figure painting: Sui to Song | | | He was the ninth son of the Song artist–emperor Huizong and inherited his father’s artistic talent. | | | Gaozong received a thorough classical education, and his artistic interests were not discouraged, for he was not expected ever to rule. |
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http://www.artnet.com/library/03/0306/T030639.asp
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| | AH 370/EA 355 Arts of China: #9 The Song Dynasty |
| | The Song is generally regarded as a period of cultural introspection and consolidation, in contrast to the Tang. | | | In 960, after several decades of regional division, the Song dynasty reestablished a unified empire, though a much smaller one than in the Tang period. | | | In 1126, the Jin invaded the Song and conquered much of its territory, including its capital at Kaifeng. |
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http://www.wisc.edu/arth/ah370/ah370s9.html
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| | Portraits of Emperors |
| | Castiglione (Lang Shining; 1688-1766), Inaugural Portrait of the Qianling Emperor, Qing dynasty (dated 1736). | | | He ascended to the throne at the age of seven, and ruled for sixty years. | | | On the marble top of the table there are paper, ink, brush and inkstone, the "Four Treasures of the Study"; they are the tools of the painter and calligrapher. |
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http://www.chinapage.com/emperor.html
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| | Chinese Portrait and Landscape Painting in Song Dynasty |
| | The style may pass on or may be substituted by another style. | | | Representative figures were then painted for people to learn what is right and wrong, because most of the ancient people cannot read. | | | Song dynasty was the most splendid period in Chinese art history. |
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http://www.coursework.info/i/72679.html
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| | China During the Song Dynasty (960-1279) |
| | B. Song capital established at Kaifeng, not Changan | | | A. Fall of the Tang (907) followed by Five Dynasties (907-59) | | | Neo-Confucianism or Daoxue, "the Study of the Moral Way" |
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http://core.ecu.edu/hist/tuckerjo/fe-eleven.htm
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| | Art History, Second Edition Chapter 10 -- Image Links |
| | Earthenware with green lead glaze; H. 41 in. | | | The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri | | | Artifacts from the tomb of Prince Liu Sheng, including an incense burner |
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http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/stokstad3/chapter10/custom4/deluxe-content.html
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| | The Song Dynasty in China, Outreach World |
| | This user-friendly website utilizes a Song Dynasty scroll to explore the daily social, political and economic life of 12th-century China. | | | Teacher/student resource from Columbia University on the Song Dynasty as seen through a 12th-century scroll. | | | The integration of art and history provides an interesting starting point for classroom discussions. |
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http://www.outreachworld.org/resource.asp?Curriculumid=83
(108 words)
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| | Dynasty Guide: Sung Dynasty |
| | , this complex dynasty was divided almost evenly into Northern (960 &; 1126) and Southern (1127 &; 1279) halves. | | | The variety and quality of ceramics increased dramatically, and wooden sculpture was convincingly realistic. |
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http://www.artsmia.org/arts-of-asia/china/dynasties/sung.cfm
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| | The Song Dynasty in China Asia Topics in World History |
| | Local elite families, once firmly established, dominated local affairs and supplied most of the examination candidates. | | | You can also begin by previewing a few scenes from the scroll at right — click on "explore scene" to get a closer look at any of the three featured scenes. | | | Click on the highlighted topics above to look more closely at the scenes in this handscroll depicting city life as rendered by a Song artist for a Song audience. |
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http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song
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| | Song Dynasty Paintings |
| | Painting by Zhao Boju; Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1161 AD) | | | (Attributed to Lou Guan; Southern Song to Yuan period, late 13th century.) | | | "Nine Dragons" by Chen Rong, Southern Song Dynasty 1244 AD |
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http://www.mindground.net/songpaint.html
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| | Lecture 21: Sui, T'ang, & Song (Sung) Dynasties |
| | How were government officials selected in the Song Dynasty? | | | *How did women's lives change during the Song Dynasty? | | | *What important innovations are described during the period beginning with the Tang Dynasty? |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/brians_syllabus/21.html
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| | Song Dynasty China |
| | A map of Song dynasty China, showing the approximate borders of the Northern Song in 1100 and indicating the area lost to the non-Han Jin dynasty in 1127. |
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http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/1xarsong.htm
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