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| | Namibia -> History on Encyclopedia.com 2002 |
 | | UN-supervised elections were held in 1989; SWAPO won a majority of the parliamentary seats, and party leader Sam Nujoma was elected president. | | | South Africa's attempt to repress political opposition was met with SWAPO's extensive boycott of the Bantustan elections in Ovamboland in 1973. | | | The International Court of Justice reaffirmed (1971) the General Assembly's resolution, but the South African government maintained that the United Nations had no authority over South West Africa, and it proceeded with plans for establishing ten African homelands (Bantustans) in the country and for tying it more closely to South Africa. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/section/namibia_history.asp
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| | Swapo wins legal battle in struggle for Ongwediva |
| | Gerson Hinda, the lawyer for Swapo, argued that two clauses in the Local Authorities Act stated that councillors take up office from the time they are voted in to the next election, and that an organisation can replace its members on the council whenever it wishes. | | | Dave Smuts, representing the four, had argued that Swapo was wrong to dismiss people who had not been sworn into office and that the town clerk, as required by law, had not informed them that they will no longer be part of the council. | | | Swapo reportedly told the Ministry of Regional, Local Government and Housing that it had replaced the newly elected councillors for "continuity" as the Ministry recently picked Ongwediva as the best-run town in the country. |
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http://www.namibian.com.na/2004/June/national/0447649E26.html
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| | Namibia (06/05) |
| | Pohamba was elected President with 76.4% of the vote. | | | The elections were held in November 1989 and were certified as free and fair by the Special Representative, with SWAPO taking 57% of the vote, just short of the two-thirds necessary to have a free hand in drafting the constitution. | | | SWAPO won 55 of the 72 elected seats in the National Assembly. |
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http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5472.htm
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| | Namibian Biographies |
| | The sole SWAPO presidential candidate will be elected during an Extraordinary SWAPO Congress at the end of May 2004. | | | She became Deputy Secretary for Health and Welfare on the SWAPO Central Committee and Director of the SWAPO Women's Council (1969-1976) at the 1969 SWAPO Consultative Congress Tanga, Tanzania. | | | Foreign Minister Hidipo Hamutenya, who was dismissed in a surprise move by President Nujoma on 21.05.2004 (together with his Deputy Minister, Kaire Mbuende), gathered 166 votes while Nahas Angula won 137 votes. |
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http://www.klausdierks.com/Biographies/Biographies_1.htm
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| | NAMIBIA IMPRESSIONS OF AN OBSERVER |
| | This has resulted in an outcry by Swapo sympathizers who feel that this is a manoeuvre to prevent SWAPO’s supporters from voting. | | | On the one hand, there are those woo argue that this would force Swapo to negotiate with other parties and ensure that the independence constitution is based on broad 00000naus. | | | As in every election, speculation is rife on what the result will be. |
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http://www.lesotho.gov.ls/reports/report-namibia.htm
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| | NamibWeb.com - The online guide to Namibia: Death in the Desert: The Namibian Tragedy: Outside Support |
| | South Africa was helped more by the political and diplomatic incompetence of SWAPO than it was by its own efforts to generate support on the world stage. | | | This was extremely valuable to South Africa because, in addition to SWAPO camps in Angola, the African National Congress (ANC) also had training facilities in Angola. | | | South Africa was not able to generate much international political support for its efforts in Namibia. |
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http://www.outjo.com/chap19.htm
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| | New era for Namibia |
| | However, Ngarikutuke Tjiriange, the party's secretary general, warned that Swapo members who sowed dissent would be kicked out of the party. | | | Nujoma, who has governed the country since independence in 1990, is stepping down as head-of-state but will remain as president of the ruling Swapo party for another three years. | | | Three candidates were nominated, but Nujoma set the cat among the pigeons when he dismissed one of them, Foreign Affairs Minister Hidipo Hamutenya, a few days before the congress without offering any reasons for his decision. |
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http://www.news24.com/News24/Africa/Features/0,6119,2-11-37_1619673,00.html
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| | Namibia 1966-1990 |
| | Elections were held in 1989 and SWAPO won with 57% of the vote and 41 seats in the assembly, the opposition won 29% and 21 seats, Namibia had its first multi party system. | | | Interestingly 80% of this force were black although in 1987 one black regiment did refuse to fight but the mutiny was soon put down. | | | Namibia finally became independent on 21 March 1990 with guests including the South African president de Klerk and US and Russian foreign ministers. |
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http://www.rickard.karoo.net/articles/wars_namibia.html
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| | Biography of the President |
| | Over the 14 years of Dr. Gurirab's stewardship as SWAPO's top diplomat at the United Nations, from 1972 to 1986, the organization's political and diplomatic status grew from that of a petitioner on the sidelines of diplomacy to a mainstream negotiator and participant in the international arena. | | | He was also one of the leading SWAPO negotiators of the ceasefire agreement, signed in March 1989, between South Africa's apartheid régime and SWAPO, which set the pace for elections in Namibia and its transition to independence. | | | A seasoned diplomat and negotiator, Dr. Gurirab served for 14 years as SWAPO's Chief Representative to the United Nations and, later, as its Permanent Observer. |
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http://www.un.org/ga/54/session/bio.htm
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| | OJPCR 5.1 -- Truth and Reconciliation: The Road Not Taken in Namibia |
| | SWAPO candidates again gained the support of over two-thirds of the voters, further consolidating their control of the legislature. | | | There SWAPO's constitutional guarantee of tenure to numerous whites in administrative positions, reassurances and guarantees to business leaders, and their constant refusal to pursue and prosecute war criminals and collaborators effectively discouraged the possibility of white panic and flight. | | | When Nujoma decided to run for a third term as President despite the constitutional limit of two Presidential terms, the National Assembly (with over two-thirds of its members representing SWAPO) simply amended the constitution to comply with his wishes. |
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http://www.trinstitute.org/ojpcr/5_1conway.htm
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| | Swapo bigwigs lose seats in the National Assembly |
| | The senior Swapo leaders who have faired poorly in the party's selections were associated with Hamutenya's heated campaign to succeed Nujoma as Namibian President. | | | With Swapo managing to retain its 55 seats, President Sam Nujoma's efforts to push former Foreign Affairs Minister Hidipo Hamutenya into the cold appear to have worked to surgical precision. | | | SENIOR Swapo leaders, including six Cabinet members, are among casualties of last week's elections. |
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http://www.namibian.com.na/2004/november/national/047B726A22.html
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| | [No title] |
| | SWAPO also retained its 55 seats in the National Assembly, as it garnered 619,066 votes in the parliamentary elections, or 75 per cent of the 827,042 valid votes. | | | Results announced by the Electoral Commission of Namibia showed that SWAPO's presidential candidate, Mr Hifikepunye Pohamba, had taken 625,605 votes, or 76.4 percent of the 818,360 valid votes cast. | | | Namibians went to the polls on 15 and 16 November 2004 for parliamentary and presidential elections that marked the end of President Sam Nujoma's rule. |
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http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2225.htm
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| | Military Chronicle of South-West Africa |
| | The first major step in the establishment of an independent territorial defence force in SWA was the introduction of a new uniform on 6 September 1979 through which SWA units could be distinguished from SADF units. | | | In the same year 20 SWAPO leaders including Herman Toivo ja Toivo, received a life sentence for having contravened the Terrorism Act. | | | It provided for a general election under UN supervision for the establishment of a constituting body as preparation for independence by the end of that year. |
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http://home.wanadoo.nl/rhodesia/swatf.htm
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| | afrol News - Hifikepunye Pohamba: Namibia's next President |
| | At this weekends SWAPO congress, Mr Pohamba won the nomination after a second round of voting, in which he received 341 votes to Mr Hamutenya's 167. | | | A Windhoek party congress decided on the succession of 75-year-old President Nujoma, who led the party as it still was a rebel group fighting apartheid South Africa's occupation of Namibia. | | | As Lands Minister, Mr Pohamba has been able to demonstrate that he is serious in the government's attempt to speed up land reform and redistribute lands from the white minority to the black majority of Namibians. |
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http://www.afrol.com/printable_article/13006
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| | afrika.no - Namibia: Swapo still the favourite ahead of elections |
| | With more than 900 000 registered voters and an anticipated high voter turnout, Hopwood predicts that Swapo will fall short of its target of 60 seats in the National Assembly, but will retain a two-thirds majority. | | | Even without Nujoma, the founding president of Namibia, as a drawcard, Swapo will retain its ruling party status and perhaps even reach its target of 60 seats in the 72-seat National Assembly. | | | Hopwood does not believe the controversy around Hidipo Hamutenya will result in a voter stay-away. |
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http://www.afrika.no/Detailed/6597.html
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| | WorldNetDaily: White-farm land-grab set for Namibia |
| | Nujoma purged his most likely successor, former confidant Hage Geinbog, a moderate "reform minded" Cabinet minister. | | | "The landless majority of our citizens are growing impatient by the day," Nujoma told the last SWAPO congress. | | | Nujoma blamed Blair for the trouble in Zimbabwe, saying the British leader failed to "bankroll" Mugabe's land seizures from the "British colonialists." |
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http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=29202
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| | COUNTERREVOLUTION IN NAMIBA |
| | SWAPO's president, Sam Nujoma, and most of the movement's key leaders are Ovambo. | | | "Interview with Mr Theo-Ben Gurirab, SWAPO's Permanent Observer to the United Nations," Third World Diplomacy, Winter 1982, 86. | | | As one of the Angolan liberation movements ousted from the government in 1976, UNITA is at war with the MPLA. |
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http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj87/owen.html
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| | News -- SWAPO man wins Namibia landslide |
| | Swapo (South West Africa People's Organisation) also secured 75% of the vote in the general election held on Monday and Tuesday - 55 out of 72 seats in the next parliament. | | | The election to replace Mr Nujoma is the third since independence and is seen as an important landmark in the country's history. | | | Hifikepunye Pohamba, the candidate of Namibia's ruling Swapo party has won a landslide victory in presidential elections, officials results show. |
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http://odili.net/news/source/2004/nov/21/34.html
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| | Namibia |
| | Although the Constitution formerly limited the President to two terms in office, in 1998, the National Assembly amended the Constitution to permit President Nujoma to run for a third term. | | | The Ombudswoman resigned her post in August to become the African Union Commissioner for Social Affairs in Addis Ababa; no permanent replacement had been appointed. | | | Sam Nujoma, leader of the ruling party SWAPO, was re-elected for another 5-year term. |
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http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27741.htm
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| | Elections in Namibia |
| | Prime minister : Nahas Gideon Angula (2005) SWAPO |
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http://www.electionworld.org/namibia.htm
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| | South-West Africa People's Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | When Namibia gained its independence in 1990, SWAPO became the dominant political party, with its head, Sam Nujoma, elected as Namibia's first President. | | | Nujoma will, however, remain president of the SWAPO party until 2007. | | | Nujoma had the constitution changed so he could run for a third term in 1999, but in 2004 he was replaced as the SWAPO presidential candidate by Hifikepunye Pohamba, described by some as Nujoma's "hand-picked successor". |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South-West_Africa_People's_Organisation
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| | Center for Voting and Democracy |
| | SWAPO stats for ’ÄòSouth West African People’Äôs Organization,’Äô and it is the strongest political party in Namibia by far. | | | SWAPO pushed through the party list system for upcoming local authority elections against the wishes of the majority of its supporters, according to a study by the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR). | | | Late last year Swapo pushed through amendments to the Local Authority Act to postpone municipal elections that were expected to take place early this year and to maintain the proportional representation system. |
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http://www.fairvote.org/pr/global/namibiasurvey.htm
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| | Timothy Dauth, Review of Siegfried Groth's Namibia - the Wall of Silence: the Dark Days of the Liberation Struggle |
| | What is most curious is that such a row should be raised now, six years after Namibian independence, when Swapo's electoral position is unassailable, it has a firm reign over the bureaucracy, and its opposition is crumbling and discredited. | | | Garoeb and other Swapo officials have argued that Groth's work and the issues it raised could incite a civil war in Namibia ( The Namibian, 13/3/96). | | | This work is in part a belated act of atonement for his failure to make a stronger public criticism of Swapo's human rights abuses while they were actually occurring. |
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http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/37/054.html
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| | Nine Days of War |
| | SWAPO's main intention was to be in a position to influence and subvert the elections by intimidating the voters with the presence of armed groups spread throughout the country. | | | His leg was later found on the battlefield by his black police comrades, who related the story with awe..... | | | This had been almost completed and SWAPO believed that they would encounter no resistance in their takeover of the country. |
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http://home.wanadoo.nl/rhodesia/ninedays.htm
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| | TAKING THE WAR TO SWAPO |
| | The Recce decided that this argument was getting rather boring and realised that there was no future in this, and shot the SWAPO commander in the face, as he shot his opponent, his men opened fire. | | | All white members would "black" up as SWAPO would invariably concentrate their fire on the white members of any patrol they would encounter, knowing that these normally would be the leaders. | | | The next morning the Swapo base was destroyed in a successful operation, thanks to his timely warning. |
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http://www.netcentral.co.uk/~cobus/32photo.htm
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| | Namibia - political parties |
| | SWAPO in Namibia represents the major Ovambo group (47% of the Namibian population), while SWANU (is that now Congress of Democrats?) represents the Herero (7%) and Damara (7%). | | | There was another liberation movement called SWANU, with a similar flag. | | | The flag of SWANU (South West Africa National Union) was very similar to that of SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organisation) in that it also comprised the three horizontal stripes of blue, red and green. |
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http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/na}.html
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| | "CULTURE IN NAMIBIA" by Etosha Fly-In Safaris (Pty). Ltd. |
| | Elections were held in November 1989, with SWAPO taking 57% of the votes, sufficient for an overall majority but less than the two-thirds for which the party was hoping to enable them to rewrite the UN-sponsored constitution. | | | Nujoma began his second term of office the folowing March, while SWAPO holds 53 of the 78 national Assembly seats. | | | That, ad the popularity of land reforms introduced by the government guaranteed a large SWAPO majority at the presidential and legisltiave elections held during December 1994. |
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http://www.etosha.com/culture.htm
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| | Elections in Namibia |
| | : Nahas Angula (SWAPO) [since 21 March 2005] The Prime Minister is appointed by the President. | | | : Hifikepunye Pohamba (SWAPO) [since 21 March 2005; elected 2004] The President is elected by popular vote for a 5-year term. | | | The South West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO), SWAPO Democrats (SWAPO-D), and Namibia National Front (NNF) were excluded from the election. |
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http://africanelections.tripod.com/na.html
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| | Ops Protea |
| | This is a clear indication of Russia's plans for South Africa," said Malan in a press conference after PROTEA. | | | They were part and parcel of the strategic decision to carry the war to SWAPO, be it in Namibia or southern Angola. | | | Prior to the attacks on Xangongo and Ongiva, the South African Air Force dropped pamphlets stating their quarrel was with SWAPO and SWAPO alone. |
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http://www.macatilla.net/War_Ops_Protea.htm
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| | Angola News Index |
| | Ngarikute Tjiriange, who heads his party delegation, is in Angola since Tuesday at the invitation of MPLA`s Secretary-general João Lourenço, and will return to his country on Sunday. | | | On his turn, SWAPO`s Ngarikute Tjiriange acknowledged that the destruction of some Angola`s infra-structures was due, in part, the support that this country granted to SWAPO during its struggle for Namibia`s independence. | | | Ngarikute Tjiriange was audienced Thursday by ruling MPLA`s president, José Eduardo dos Santos, to whom he transmitted message from his SWAPO`s counterpart, San Nujoma. |
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http://www.angola.org/news/NewsDetail.cfm?NID=13971
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| | Namibia - Elections '99 - Sustainable Democracy - SARDC |
| | The European Union (EU) election observation mission said today there was no pattern of double voting in Namibia's third national elections despite fears that the ink used to mark voters easily rubs off. | | | Thousands of ruling South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) supporters, thronged the Multi-purpose Youth Centre in Katutura today, to listen to President Sam Nujoma's last address before the national elections on Tuesday. | | | President Sam Nujoma roars further ahead, his party the South West African Peoples Organisation (SWAPO) heads for a resounding victory while a fragmented opposition scrambles for second position and at least a seat in the 72-member national assembly. |
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http://www.sardc.net/sd/elections99/namibia
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| | MESSAGE OF SUPPORT TO SWAPO |
| | Issued b Acting ANC Secretary-General Cheryl Carolus 23 September 1997. | | | The African National Congress National Executive Committee has learnt with shock and dismay of the untimely death of a leader of outstanding qualities and comrade in struggle, Moses Garoeb. | | | The African National Congress National Executive Committee on behalf of its membership dips its banners in memory of Comrade Moses Garoeb and expresses its heartfelt sympathies to members of the bereaved family, the leadership and supporters of SWAPO and the government of Namibia on their bereavement. |
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http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pr/1997/pr0923.html
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| | Regional: Africa: Namibia - Open Site |
| | Independence came in 1990 following multi-party elections and the establishment of a constitution. | | | South Africa occupied the German colony of South-West Africa during World War I and administered it as a mandate until after World War II, when it annexed the territory. | | | In 1966 the Marxist South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that was soon named Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. |
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http://open-site.org/Regional/Africa/Namibia
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| | Tortured by the past |
| | Garoeb currently is head of the SWAPO party. | | | Criticism of SWAPO, considered the only real hope for a free Namibia, was "unthinkable," said Samson Ndeikwila, an ELCRN member who heads the Faith, Justice and Society De partment of the CCN in Windhoek. | | | SWAPO currently holds the presidency and two-thirds of the federal legislative posts and is underst andably reluctant to air its dirty laundry. |
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http://www.thelutheran.org/9607/page46.html
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| | Terror, Fetish, Fantasy, and Reification |
| | Mudge denies that his political life and his ownership of much of the country's media are connected, but that contention is not borne out by the testimony of many employees of his papers. | | | Swapo President arrives in Namibia to jubilant reception." The Namibian September 15, 1989:1. | | | "Swapo's transformation into a political party." The Namibian September 19, 1990:7. |
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http://www.unc.edu/~aperrin/namibia.html
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| | SADF OPERATION ASKARI (1983 - 1984) |
| | The militant wing of SWAPO that used the territory of neighbouring states from which to launch attacks against the peoples and state representatives of the South West African government. | | | This Angolan base had been resurfaced by the Airfield Maintenance Unit of the SAAF shortly before this emergency. | | | This SWAPO training centre had over the years been responsible for the training of SWAPO recruits. |
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http://www.geocities.com/Yosemite/Forest/1771/askari.htm
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| | H-Net Review: Timothy Dauth on Labour and Democracy in Namibia, 1971-1996 |
| | During the struggle years, SWAPO acted both as a National Liberation Movement and as a 'vanguard party'. | | | Ben Ulenga has since left SWAPO and was instrumental in the formation of the Congress of Democrats in 1999. | | | Considering the relatively late development of unionism and the union federation in Namibia, and the NUNW's close political ties with, and virtual subordination to, the ruling party, SWAPO, the NUNW is not in a strong position to reassert itself. |
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http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=19553935438281
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| | From Liberation Organisations to Ruling Parties: The ANC and SWAPO in Transition |
| | As exiled liberation movements, SWAPO and the ANC came to share a stated view that independence and the transfer of political power would prove meaningless without embarking on a fundamental restructuring of their respective national political economies. | | | It was also implicitly or explicitly accepted into political programs of both the ANC and SWAPO during the exile years. | | | In its first election campaign, SWAPO did maintain a belief in the "moral superiority" of socialism and the ANC continued its political culture of radical populism. |
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http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/37/027.html
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| | 23 yr War in Namibia and 13 yr Angolan war |
| | And so began the 23 year long 'Border War' and by the time I was drafted, it had been waging on for some 9 years already. | | | In 1974, South Africa still administered German South West Africa in terms of its mandate received after the first world War, when Germany had to give up it's colonies to the allies. | | | Unita (the pro-western faction) was now supported only to the extent of ensuring that the MPLA and Cuba could not establish bases in the bottom 1/3 rd. of Angola and also so that SWAPO did not establish bases in southern Angola from which to launch incursions into Namibia. |
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http://www.sweety.com/wars.htm
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| | SpecWarNet -S. Africa's Special Forces Brigade |
| | It was an all black guerrilla organization who wanted Namibia seperated from the rest of South Africa. | | | They penetrated deep into Angola and destroyed the SWAPO Headquaters. | | | Members of the Recces carried black face paint with them at all times while o patrol in hopes of making themselves look black(to help the white soldiers pass as SWAPO guerrillas. |
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http://www.specwarnet.com/world/sasfb.htm
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| | WorldNetDaily: Diamonds to finance Namibia land-grab? |
| | Nujoma and his SWAPO regime (Southwest Africa People's Organization) recently listed 99 farms owned by German nationals and another 91 owned by white South Africans. | | | Nyamu banged heads with Nujoma at the recent SWAPO Politburo meetings and has sought to challenge Nujoma to be the new leader of Namibia. | | | The American also speculated that he might be able to get several large Western transnational banks to float another $30 million into SWAPO coffers if Nujoma would only relent on SWAPO's threat to undertake an investigation into the prices DeBeers receives for its diamonds on the open, albeit controlled, market. |
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http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=29424
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| | Alibris: Swapo |
| | Health Collective, and Namibia Support Committee, and SWAPO. | | | To Be Born a Nation: The Liberation Struggle for Namibia | | | We guarantee the condition of every book, new or used. |
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http://www.alibris.com/search/books/author/Swapo
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| | Africa: Country Report |
| | The prime minister claimed that the Namibian press had published "distortions" about the conflict in the DRC and that news published in the Namibian also appeared on the Internet and was therefore accessible to DRC rebel forces. | | | In March, Nathaniel Maxuilili, a member of Parliament from the ruling South West African People's Organization (SWAPO), threatened to ban a popular Oshiwambo-language talk show for airing what he called "nonsense" about the country's involvement in the DRC. |
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http://www.cpj.org/attacks99/africa99/Namibia.html
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| | South-West Africa People's Organisation - Wikipedia |
| | SWAPO-Präsident Sam Nujoma fordert Ende Mai 1983 den UN-Generalsekretär Perez de Cuellar auf, mit Südafrika und der SWAPO über eine Waffenruhe und einer Verwirklichung der UN-Resolution 435 zu verhandeln. | | | 1982 werden bei Kämpfen zwischen südafrikanischen Truppen und der SWAPO 1268 Kämpfer der Befreiungsbewegung und 77 südafrikanische Soldaten getötet. | | | 1983 dringen über 5.000 Soldaten bis zu 250 km tief in den Süden Angolas vor und zerstören Stützpunkte der SWAPO. |
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http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWAPO
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| | SWAPO |
| | November 1989 - bei den ersten freien Wahlen sie sich gegen die Demokratische Turnhallenallianz durch und erzielte fast 57% der und stellt seither mit Sam Nujoma den | | | Dezember 1994 - Die SWAPO erringt bei den 53 von 72 Sitzen. |
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http://www.uni-protokolle.de/Lexikon/SWAPO.html
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