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| | USSR Graph |
 | | In theory, supreme power in the party was invested in the Party Congress, however, in practice the power structure became reversed and, particularly after the death of Lenin, supreme power became the domain of the General Secretary. | | | By the time of the Twenty-Eighth Party Congress in July 1990, the CPSU was largely regarded as being unable to lead the country and had, in fifteen republics, split into opposing factions favoring either independent republics or the continuation of the Soviet Union. | | | Party Congresses would elect a Central Committee which, in turn, would elect a Politburo. |
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http://teacherweb.ftl.pinecrest.edu/crawfor/apcg/Russia/Unit4RussiaGraphB.htm
(1401 words)
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| | Socialist Revolutionary Party - encyclopedia article about Socialist Revolutionary Party. |
| | The SRCO was esencial to the workings of the Party, being responsible for the assasination of Minister of the Interior, D. Sipyagin, and later N. Bogdanovich, the Governor of Ufa. | | | The Russian Revolution of February, 1917 brought the SRs a more prolific political role, with one of their members Alexander Fedorovich Kerensky joining the liberal government, eventually becoming the head of government. | | | However, the Bolsheviks disbanded the Assembly and thereafter the SRs become of less political significance, the Left SR party became the coalition partner of the Bolsheviks in the Soviet Government, although they resigned their positions after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed. |
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http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Socialist+Revolutionary+Party
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| | Encyclopedia: Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| | At its congress in Halle in October 1920 a split occurred in the Independent Social-Democratic Party of Germany. | | | Politics of Germany takes place in a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Federal Chancellor is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. | | | Elections in Germany gives information on election and election results in Germany, including elections to the Federal Diet (the lower house of the federal parliament), the Landtage of the various states, and local elections. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Social-Democratic-Party-of-Germany
(842 words)
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| | Second Congress of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) |
| | Among the documents on display is Lenin's manuscript of the draft of the first paragraph of the Party Rules, and one of his notes made during the discussion of the rules at the congress: "... | | | The Second Congress of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party. | | | These words of Lenin recalled in this hall express the essence of this exposition, recounting the beginning of the revolutionary party of the working class in Russia, the Bolshevik party, and the Second Congress of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party, which took place in late July and early August 1903. |
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http://www.stel.ru/museum/lenin_rsdlp.htm
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| | Glossary of Organisations: Ru |
| | In 1903 the Second Congress of the party met in Belgium and England with this dispute comming to the forefront. | | | This would help lead to the inevitable split in the party over stagism: with some arguing that reformism is necessary before revolution, and by the same logic, that captialism is necessary before socialism. | | | After the 1905 revolution, the Bolsheviks became the minority, and would remain so until September, 1917. |
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http://www.marxists.org/glossary/orgs/r/u.htm
(284 words)
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| | 100th anniversary of division between Lenin |
| | The Bund was a Jewish Social Democratic organisation to the right in the party and Rabotchie Delo defended the Economists. | | | Lenin’s position was that the Congress debates did not justify a split of the party. | | | In the struggle at the Congress, Martov and the Mensheviks had allied with the party right wing, which, in turn, was reinvigorated. |
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http://www.geocities.com/young_socialist_106/100th_anniversary_of_division_be.htm
(2440 words)
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| | Lenin and the Jewish Question - by Naji Alloush - The Free Arab Voice |
| | In March of 1898 it joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, but at the second congress of the RSDLP, the Bund demanded to be recognized by the party as the sole representative of the Jewish workers in Russia. | | | One of these parties, the General Jewish Workers' Union of Lithuania, Poland, and Russia, commonly known as the Jewish Bund, was also founded in 1897. | | | The Bund also took part in the fifth congress of the party that convened in London in May of 1907. |
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http://www.freearabvoice.org/books/marxismAndJewishQuestion/Lenin.htm
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| | A LEFT CRITIQUE OF THE SOCIALIST LABOUR PARTY |
| | A special conference of the Labour Party in June 1918 adopted the new constitution. | | | This is similar in principle to the aims of 'Old Labour' as expressed in Clause Four of its 1918 Constitution. | | | "his decision to retire as leader of the party". |
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http://www.oneparty.co.uk/html/slp2.html
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| | The Origins of the Jews - Part Four |
| | Whilst the party was opposed to Zionism, and the Zionist demand for emigration to Palestine, it gradually slipped into increasingly nationalist positions. | | | In 1903, at the second RSDLP congress after the majority of Bolsheviks and Mensheviks refused to recognize the Bund as the sole representative of the Jewish working class, the Bundists split. | | | The Allgemeiner Yiddisher Arbeiterbund, the General Union of Jewish Workers of Lithuania, Poland and Russia, commonly known as the Bund, was founded in Vilna. |
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http://www.marxist.com/History/origins_jews4.html
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| | Wikinfo Mikhail Tomsky |
| | Stalin then moved against his former allies purging Bukharin and Rykov and forcing Tomsky to resign from his position as leader of the trade union movement in 1929 and was dropped from the Politburo in 1930. | | | He was arrested in 1908 and then exiled to France but returned to Russia in 1909 where he was again arrested for his political activites and sentenced to five years of hard labour. | | | He escaped and returned to St. Petersburg where he became president of the Union of Engravers and Chromolithographers. |
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http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Mikhail_Tomsky
(369 words)
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| | Leon Trotsky |
| | In 1917, as the Tsar abdicated, Leon Trotsky went to Russia, and in August that year he became a member of the Central Committe of the Bolshevik Party, which had Lenin as its uncontested leader and visionary. | | | That year Trotsky escaped Siberia, and at the Fifth Party Congress in London he met Stalin for the first time. | | | Trotsky and Lenin, as intellectuals, had much respect for each other, however, in 1903 at the Second Congress of the RSDLP, the Bolsheviks were led by Lenin, while Trotsky was among the Menshevik leaders. |
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http://www.fbuch.com/leon.htm
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| | Chapter Two - From the History of Bolshevism, Part One |
| | Lenin's correspondence of this period indicates that the majority of the Party did not understand the split and were opposed to it. | | | The split at the London Congress of 1903 did not take place, as Johnstone asserts, on the question of a "stable, centralised and disciplined Marxist Party", but on the question of the composition of the central bodies of the Party and on one clause in the Party Rules. | | | If that is true, then Lenin himself was guilty of the arch-Trotskyist sin of conciliationism in his repeated attempts to get the Mensheviks to co-operate in the running of the Party for months after the Congress. |
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http://www.marxist.com/LeninAndTrotsky/chapter02.html
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| | Wikinfo Russian Revolution |
| | 1903 - Second Congress of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. | | | 3rd -- First All-Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd. | | | 1898 - First Congress of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) |
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http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Russian_Revolution
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| | Marxists Internet Archive Updates |
| | The Fifth Congress of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party | | | Report to the Fifth Congress of the R.S.D.L.P. on the St. Petersburg Split and the Institution of the Party Tribunal Ensuing Therefrom | | | Draft Resolutions for the Fifth Congress of the R.S.D.L.P. Tactics of the R.S.D.L.P. in the Election Campaign |
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http://www2.cddc.vt.edu/marxists/admin/cd/whatsnewcd.htm
(6892 words)
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| | Joseph Stalin |
| | October-November 1926: At the Fifteenth Party Congress, Stalin attacks the "United Opposition" of | | | January 4, 1923: Lenin, in a postscript to his Testament, warns the Party to remove Stalin from his position of power. | | | March 1939: At Eighteenth Party Congress, Stalin announces end of the |
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http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/stalin/htimeline.html
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| | SparkNotes: Joseph Stalin: Timeline |
| | October-November 1926: · At the Fifteenth Party Congress, Stalin attacks the "United Opposition" of Zinoviev, Kamenev, and Trotsky. | | | January 4, 1923: · Lenin, in a postscript to his Testament, warns the Party to remove Stalin from his position of power. | | | March 1898: · First Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party |
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http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/stalin/timeline.html
(771 words)
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| | Social Democratic Labour Party |
| | At the Second Congress of the Social Democratic Labour Party in London in 1903, there was a dispute between Vladimir Lenin and Julius Martov, two of SDLP's leaders. | | | (5) Alexander Shotman attended the 2nd Congress of the Social Democratic Labour Party | | | This group, led by George Plekhanov, argued that it would be impossible to overthrow Russia's authoritarian government and replace it with peasant communes. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSsdp.htm
(955 words)
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| | Communist Party of the Soviet Union : CPSU |
| | In March, the Congress of Peoples Deputies[?] repealed Article Six of the Soviet Constitution, which had guaranteed monopoly political power for the party. | | | In February of 1990, the CPSU called for the end of its constitutional guarantee of power. | | | The party had split into two factions, the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks, primarily over the issue of party membership. |
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http://www.fastload.org/cp/CPSU.html
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| | Web Links - World War I |
| | Programme of the Russian Constitutional Democratic (Kadet) Party | | | Extracts from the Russian Constitution of April 23 | | | 1906: The Russian Fundamental Law of 23 April |
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http://www.historyteacher.net/APEuroCourse/WebLinks/WebLinks-RussianRevol.htm
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| | Lenin |
| | Or, in other words, socialism is merely state-capitalist monopoly which is made to serve the interests of the whole people and has to that extent ceased to be capitalist monopoly” (original emphasis, | | | “For socialism is merely the next step forward from state-capitalist monopoly. | | | The Socialist Party was the only British organisation to publish the Bolsheviks' anti-war declaration during the war. |
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http://www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/jan04/lenin.html
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| | Karl Bernhardovich Radek |
| | But his influence decreased, he lost his place on the Central Committee in 1924 and was expelled from the party in 1927. | | | Radek was re-admitted to the party in 1930. | | | Supported the Bolsheviks and joined the party in 1917 after the October Revolution. |
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http://www.fastload.org/ka/Karl_Bernhardovich_Radek.html
(160 words)
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| | MSN Encarta - Search Results - Kalinin |
| | Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich (1875-1946), Russian statesman, born in Tver Province. | | | The city, founded in 1255 as a fortress by the Teutonic Knights, became a member of the Hanseatic League in 1340. | | | In 1898 Kalinin joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour party,... |
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http://uk.encarta.msn.com/Kalinin.html
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| | Trotsky and Trotskyism: The Chronology |
| | March At the Tenth Party Congress the New Economic Policy (NEP) was adopted to replace “war communism”. | | | September Trotsky elected to the Bolshevik Party Central Committee. | | | Stalin now in total control of Party and state in the USSR. |
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http://xoomer.virgilio.it/naestefa/Inglese/doc/trotsky_chronology.htm
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| | Ann McMillin |
| | The Bolshevik and Menshevik split was officially a permanent feature of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, though at the time many party members wrongly believed reconciliation to be inevitable. | | | The party divided into the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks in 1903 because of differences in opinion on party policy and conflicting temperaments among the leaders. | | | The Social Democrats should then aim to meet a minimum program including freedom of the person, speech, press, association, the right to form political parties, republican government, and some economic standards. |
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http://www.unc.edu/~amcmilli/russia.htm
(2929 words)
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| | V.I. Lenin: Socialism and War (3. Restoration of the International) |
| | This refers to a conference of Italian and Swiss Socialists held in Lugano, Switzerland, on September 27, 1914. | | | The conference resolved to appeal, through the parliamentary representatives of the Socialist Parties in the neutral countries, to their governments to act as intermediaries between the belligerent powers and secure the cessation of the war. | | | Hyndman and his supporters found themselves in the minority and withdrew from the party. |
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http://www.marxists.de/war/lenin-war/ch3.htm
(2713 words)
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| | Web-and-Flow Hotlist: russia |
| | Programme of the Russian Constitutional Democratic (Kadet) Party, 1905 | | | The Bolsheviks - Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDRP), | | | Why did social tensions and ideological conflicts increase in the pre revolutionary period? |
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http://www.web-and-flow.com/members/lhayman/russia/hotlist.htm
(339 words)
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| | Weekly Worker 464 Thursday January 23 2003 |
| | This was taken to its furthest point perhaps by the Militant Tendency of Ted Grant and Peter Taaffe. | | | The Socialist Party in England and Wales has three or four councillors. | | | Besides the revolting string of leaders and the thoroughly pro-capitalist government, there is another side to the Labour Party. |
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http://www.cpgb.org.uk/worker/464/awl.html
(4059 words)
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| | Women and Marxism (authors) -- Lenin |
| | 1918: Speech at First All-Russian Congress of Women Workers | | | 1902: Draft programme of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party | | | Many of the works in this collection are abstracts from larger works, on the sections specifically addressing women. |
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http://www.marxists.org.uk/subject/women/authors/lenin
(187 words)
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| | Julius Martov |
| | After the reforms brought about by the 1905 Revolution, Martov argued that it was the role of revolutionaries to provide a militant opposition to the new bourgeois government. | | | At the Second Congress of the RSDLP in London in 1903, there was a dispute between Martov and Vladimir Lenin over who was to be considered a member of the RSDLP. | | | Martov supported the Red Army against the White Army during the Russian Civil War, however, he continued to denounce the persecution of liberal newspapers, the Cadets and the Socialist-Revolutionaries. |
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http://www.guajara.com/wiki/en/wikipedia/j/ju/julius_martov.html
(741 words)
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| | Lenin: The youthful revolutionary |
| | In 1898, the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party was formed at a first congress in Minsk. | | | This also required a new form of organisation for a revolutionary party: it must be disciplined, based on democratic centralism and led by professional revolutionaries. | | | Social democrats must thus raise the fight against the existing order. |
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http://www.marxlibrary.net/lenin/lenin_4.htm
(817 words)
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| | Ber Borochov Internet Archive |
| | In his early years he was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which later split into the Bolsheviks and the Menshiviks (he was expelled prior to the 1903 split, however). | | | Borochov was a "Marxist Zionist" who was born in Russia in 1881 and died there in 1917 shortly after the Russian Revolution. | | | Labor Party (Hebrew) - Formerly known as Mapai. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/il2/borochov
(946 words)
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| | Glossary of Organisations: Me |
| | Meaning "minority" in Russian, the party was formed in 1903 from a split in the The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (R.S.D.L.P), which created the Bolsheviki and Mensheviki parties. | | | After the October Revolution the Mensheviks opposed the Soviet government, primarily through bureaucratic lobbying, though some members later joined the white armies. | | | During the 1905-07 revolution the Mensheviks opposed the working class and peasantry who were in open revolt. |
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http://www.marxists.org.uk/glossary/orgs/m/e.htm
(178 words)
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| | Marxism Glossary - P |
| | Politburo - Short for political bureau, the directing body of the Communist Party empowered to act between meetings of the full Central Committee. | | | Trotsky broke with him in 1914 when he became one of the leaders in the pro-war wing of the German social democracy. | | | It was absorbed into the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1903. |
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http://www.newyouth.com/archives/theory/glossary/p.asp?format=print
(517 words)
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| | YUL Slavic & East European Microform Collection: Boris I. Nicolaevsky Collection |
| | It is the product of over forty years of collecting by an emigre Menshevik, who settled in the United States in 1940. | | | The holdings provide unparalleled documentation of the important nineteenth and twentieth-century revolutionary groups, such as the anarchists, populists, Social Revolutionaries, the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks. | | | Nicolaevsky's interests focused on the revolutionary movement in Russia, with particular emphasis on the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDRP). |
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http://www.library.yale.edu/slavic/microform/nicolaev.html
(261 words)
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