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| | Parliamentary system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Parliamentary systems usually have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government being the prime minister or premier, and the head of state often being an appointed figurehead with only minor or ceremonial powers. | | | Under the parliamentary system the roles of head of state and head of government are more or less separated. | | | A parliamentary system, also known as parliamentarianism (and parliamentarism in U.S. English), is distinguished by the executive branch of government being dependent on the direct or indirect support of the parliament, often expressed through a vote of confidence. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_system
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| | Presidential system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Though a president in a presidential system does not have to choose a government answerable to the legislature, the legislature may have the right to scrutinise his or her appointments to high governmental office, with the right, on some occasions, to block an appointment. | | | Presidential system presidents may also be given a great deal of constitutional authority in the exercise of the office of Commander in Chief, a constitutional title given to most presidents. | | | The president often has the power to pardon or commute sentences of convicted criminals, a power which, in systems with separate heads of state and heads of government, is generally given to the head of state. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_system
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| | Parliament of Australia: Education - Parliament An Overview |
| | The Prime Minister is appointed by the Governor-General, who by convention under the Constitution, must appoint the parliamentary leader of the party, or coalition of parties, which has a majority of seats in the House of Representatives. | | | The functions of the High Court are to interpret and apply the law of Australia; to decide cases of special federal significance including challenges to the constitutional validity of laws; and to hear appeals, by special leave, from Federal, State and Territory courts. | | | The Cabinet, not mentioned in the Constitution, is the key decision-making body of the government and comprises senior Government Ministers. |
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http://www.aph.gov.au/parl.htm
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| | Election Resources on the Internet: Parliamentary Elections in the U.K. - Elections to the House of Commons |
| | As it is well known, the parliamentary system of government originated in Great Britain, where it has gradually developed under an uncodified constitution defined by a vast body of laws, court decisions and diverse unwritten conventions. | | | Each elector casts a vote for one of the candidates running for MP in his or her constituency, and the candidate with the largest number of votes is elected to office. | | | Under its present-day form, the leader of the party commanding a majority in the House of Commons heads the government as prime minister, with members of his (or her) Cabinet being likewise drawn from the majority. |
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http://electionresources.org/uk
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| | Interest Groups - Political Systems |
| | Germany has a parliamentary system but also contains some features of the American system, such as federalism and the process of judicial review -- the power of the courts to examine the actions of the legislative, executive and administrative branches of government in order to ensure that they are acting in accord with the constitution. | | | In the American presidential system, party discipline is less necessary and is rarely applied because both the president and Congress serve different terms. | | | The two major types of constitutional democracy in the modern world are the presidential system, which is exemplified by the United States, and the parliamentary system which in its classic form can be seen at work in Great Britain. |
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http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA98/pollklas/thesis/systems.html
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| | The Manila Times Internet Edition BUSINESS > Shift to parliamentary system to boost economy |
| | Parliamentary government is a system of government in which the Cabinet is appointed from among elected members of an assembly. | | | Bernardo M. Villegas, UAandP senior vice president, said the parliamentary system would boost the economy since there would be closer coordination between Congress and the Executive. | | | The Cabinet holds power, but in order for it to remain in power, its major decisions must be supported by a majority in the assembly, who, in turn, are elected. |
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http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2005/jul/14/yehey/business/20050714bus1.html
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| | Presidential vs. Parliamentary Systems of Government |
| | In parliamentary democracies that do not have a monarchy, there is a position, usually titled president, that acts as head of state. | | | In presidential systems, the title of the head of government is usually "President". | | | Depending on the specific country, this president can be either popularly elected, elected by the legislature, or elected by an electoral college. |
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http://ccollege.hccs.cc.tx.us/instru/govecon/lew/2301/const2.htm
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| | Government: Parliamentary system |
| | The chairman at the panel meetings is the head of state, the king or his deputy; the deputy-chairman is the prime minister. | | | It is the government that executes the decisions, but it is Riksdagen that supervises that the laws are correctly implemented and the decisions carried out. | | | The Head of State is the king, but he has no authority in the governing of the state. |
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http://www.sverigeturism.se/smorgasbord/smorgasbord/society/government/parlament.html
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| | NOTES for October 26 (Elections)& November 2(Parties) |
| | The central principle of parliamentary government is: Power is lodged in a democratically elected parliament led by a Prime Minister and Cabinet. | | | Because of the concentration of power in a dominant cabinet, British system of government is called as "elective dictatorship" (Lord Hailsham, the former cabinet minister). | | | Even when the president's party has a majority of the seats in the legislature, the president will usually not be able to control want happens in the legislature as closely as most cabinets can control their parliaments in parliamentary systems. |
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http://homepages.wmich.edu/~a1haruty/Democracy.htm
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| | THE MOROCCAN PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM |
| | Therefore, two thirds of the House of Representatives, elected for a six-year term, are elected at the direct universal suffrage, and one third is elected by a college composed of communal elected members as well as members elected by colleges composed of professional chambers elected members and wage-earners representatives. | | | The House of Representatives is elected for a six-year term: one third is elected at direct universal suffrage and two thirds at indirect universal suffrage by colleges representing communal councils, professional chambers and wage earners. | | | The misunderstandings are due to the fact that the elected members and political observers failed to note that this was not a bicameral system but rather a "superposition" of parliaments if not two parliaments. |
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http://www.majliss-annouwab.ma/english/secretary-general.html
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| | A proper parliamentary system for us - Dec. 13, 2003 |
| | The new system of government should be installed within one year from the ratification of the new constitution. | | | This could be done if Congress would enact a law providing for the election of such delegates to be convened in a constitutional convention soon after the May 2004 elections, who will come up with a new constitution within a period of no longer than one year. | | | Perhaps, what the current impeachment imbroglio should indicate to us is that the remaking of our political system should not be entrusted to the politicians in Congress, but to duly elected and non-partisan representatives of the people. |
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http://www.inq7.net/opi/2003/dec/13/letter_2-1.htm
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| | Lecture notes for November 17th |
| | However, in a presidential system the President and his cabinet may have different backgrounds. | | | The majority party and the cabinet are a team in a parliamentary system. | | | The executive is split into the Prime Minister and the cabinet, but these functions are united in the President in a presidential system. |
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http://homepages.wmich.edu/~a9dede/n_nov17.html
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| | Sunday Nation on the Web |
| | A presidential system is where the president is unequivocally the chief executive and Head of State. | | | The system we inherited was outrightly parliamentary, where the prime minister and his ministers were directly answerable to Parliament and were expected to attend its sessions. | | | The parliamentary system, on the other hand, is where the prime minister is the chief executive, even if not the Head of State. |
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http://www.nationaudio.com/News/DailyNation/25052003/Comment/Comment2.html
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| | The Opposition in a Parliamentary System (BP47e) |
| | (26) In parliamentary systems there is a fundamental constitutional principle of responsible government at stake. | | | By the British North America Act of 1867 Canada inherited a constitution "similar in principle to that of the United Kingdom." Responsible cabinet government and the doctrine of the supremacy of Parliament were thereby entrenched in the Canadian political system. | | | In national politics during the years when I was in the government, I watched the Opposition perform their duty vigorously and industriously, with courage and determination. |
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http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/library/PRBpubs/bp47-e.htm
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| | Summer 98: Presidential Versus Parliamentary |
| | An executive in a parliamentary system is necessarily enfeebled, and, as Alexander Hamilton wrote in the Federalist No. 70, "A feeble executive implies a feeble execution of the government. | | | Many American presidents have made important contributions to the nation only after several unpopular decisions; in a parliamentary system, they might not have had the chance. | | | In the Abstract: Presidential vs. Parliamentary Systems of Governance |
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http://www.dartmouth.edu/~ppq/x98/x98point.html
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| | Sun.Star Davao - Lee: Parliament? |
| | In a Parliamentary system, the people would not have that privilege, instead voters would vote for representatives who would then choose among themselves the head of state, who is normally called a Prime Minister. | | | It doesn't matter if we have a parliamentary, presidential or federal system of government if our leaders don't get their acts together. | | | If matters little what title, whether president or prime minister, the leader will have if no one believes in him or his policies. |
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http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/dav/2004/07/09/oped/kelvin.king.lee.babble.on..html
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| | Parliamentary Elections and Election Administration in Denmark |
| | At the first sitting of the parliament after a general election - and immediately after the election of a temporary President - a provisional 21 member parliamentary committee is formed for the scrutiny of the elections. | | | The body of law governing elections to the Folketing comprise the Constitution, the Election Act, and regulations issued by the Minister for the Interior in accordance with this Act. | | | A new election has the obvious implication that (1) old parliamentary mandates lose their validity once the election has taken place, and (2) a new electoral period of four years starts. |
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http://www.folketinget.dk/BAGGRUND/00000048/00232623.htm
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| | The Westminster Inheritance |
| | Australians are, in fact, governed by seven parliamentary monarchies: those of the states and the Commonwealth, with the state governors and the Governor-General all representing the Sovereign. | | | Crown and Parliament also created an independent judiciary to administer the law, extending from a bench of judges at Westminster to ‘private gentlemen’ who acted as justices of the Peace in their own neighbourhoods. | | | In the American style, the High Court was set up to interpret and guard the Constitution and a Senate established to protect the states' rights and to 'advise and consent' on legislation submitted by the House of Representatives. |
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http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/5557/westmin.html
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| | Reed's Parliamentary Rules |
| | Their duties are not fixed by parliamentary law, but by the regulations of the assembly. | | | In another case, given by Professor Mell in his excellent book on Parliamentary Law, it was proposed by a religious convention to indorse a newspaper in a State. | | | Before that time but little effort had been made to reconcile precedents with principles, and parliamentary law was not a system founded on principle and settled by the dictates of reason. |
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http://www.leg.wa.gov/legis/reedsrules/reeds.htm
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| | CRITICS SAY PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM WILL NOT WORK IN RP |
| | Arroyo’s presidential adviser on constitutional reforms, recalls that Arroyo openly called for Charter change to a parliamentary, federal system during her election campaign. | | | However, Sabio said the President was leaving it to Congress to decide how the Constitution will change and what kind of system will eventually be created. | | | A federal system has also gained favor among provincial governments who have long been dissatisfied over the dominance of "Imperial Manila." |
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http://www.newsflash.org/2004/02/hl/hl100778.htm
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| | JDV HAILS CON-COM DECISION FOR SHIFT TO PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM |
| | President Arroyo, in her State of the Nation Address last July, called on Congress to convene itself to a constituent assembly to introduce amendments to the 1987 Constitution and pave the way for a parliamentary, federal system of government. | | | De Venecia led the majority coalition of the House of Representatives in signing a joint declaration with local chief executives last Thursday calling for a shift to a parliamentary system of government with a federal structure. | | | hailed the presidential consultative commission (con-com) on constitutional amendments for adopting the recommendation to shift the country to a parliamentary system of government, describing the move as "a significant step in the right direction." |
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http://www.newsflash.org/2004/02/hl/hl103061.htm
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| | America's Debate -> Parliamentary System |
| | The legislature is better able than the executive to represent the (possibly fractured or ambivalent) will of the people, and IMO that justifies its primacy over the executive. | | | But at the same time, one could argue that the constitutional monarchy is the best form of government. | | | Only rarely is there a Democrat president facing a Democrat Congress, or a Republican facing Republicans (Bush is lucky in that regard, but how well served and represented are the millions who didn't vote Republican?). |
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http://www.americasdebate.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=1652
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| | Pravda.RU Federation Council to assist Chechnya in restoring parliamentary system |
| | Communists will decide whether or not to nominate their candidate for presidential elections after elections to the State Duma, the lower chamber of the Russian parliament. | | | The group's set up will be discussed on May 27th at a session of the Presidium of the Legislators' Council that comprises the heads of all legislatures from Russian regions, the Federation Council's deputy speaker Alexander Torshin reported. | | | Communists to decide on running for presidency after parliamentary elections |
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http://newsfromrussia.com/main/2003/05/22/47288.html
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| | Canada's Government web page |
| | The president can veto, or forbid congressional laws, but congress can override his veto by a two-thirds vote. | | | Canada was a part of Great Britain until 1867 and did not sever its ties completely until 1982. | | | Canada borrowed their system of government from the British. |
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http://www.mrdowling.com/709-Canadagvt.html
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| | ABC News: Iraq Said to Eye Parliamentary System |
| | Thamer al-Ghadban said there will be bicameral system: a parliament that is elected by the people, and a regional council with representatives elected by residents of each province. | | | Al-Ghadban said that parliament will have the right to summon and question senior state employees. | | | BAGHDAD, Iraq Aug 3, 2005 (AP)— The new political system in Iraq will be centered around a strong parliament that can prevent a dictator from running the country in the future, a constitution committee member said Wednesday. |
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http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=1006845&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312
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| | Philippine President Calls for Parliamentary System as Impeachment Motion Filed |
| | Embattled Philippine President Gloria Arroyo has urged Congress Monday to consider a sweeping overhaul of government - shifting from a U.S.-style presidency to a parliamentary system. | | | President Arroyo gave her annual state of the nation address Monday to Congress - where hours earlier opposition lawmakers filed an impeachment motion against her. | | | This was the president's only reference to political corruption and she did not address current graft and election-rigging charges mentioned in the impeachment motion filed against her earlier in the day. |
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http://voanews.com/english/2005-07-25-voa5.cfm
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| | Should the United States adopt a parliamentary system? |
| | An explanation of the South African system of government [Note that this is nearly a perfect model of a parliamentary government system, but the prime minister is called "the President" in South Africa] | | | Especially recommended are his account of the idea of Responsible Government and his Overview of Australia's Political System. | | | Should the United States adopt a parliamentary system? |
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http://uhaweb.hartford.edu/CONSTCON/actparl.htm
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| | CBC News Indepth: The Royal Family |
| | Canada is a constitutional monarchy and our head of state is Her Majesty Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada. | | | Even former Deputy Prime Minister John Manley suggested replacing the Queen with an elected head of state, while groups such as the Monarchist League of Canada fight any move away from the crown. | | | Some Canadians question the relevance of the Queen's position in Canada, in part because the nominal leader of Canada lives in another country and her position passes down to her descendants. |
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http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/royals
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| | Parliamentary and presidential systems - IIDB |
| | Parliamentary systems do worst in countries like Italy and Israel where the coalitions in parliament are fractured and unstable. | | | However in a presidential system, the president can find it difficult to put forward legislation if the legislature is of a different political party than himself. | | | While in some countries (Israel, Italy) little is needed to force the prime minister's resignation, in others (Germany) that requires a special no-confidence vote, which requires a majority to positively vote to oust the chancellor. |
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http://www.iidb.org/vbb/showthread.php?t=59529
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| | Missoulian - Kelleher pushes for parliamentary system |
| | Kelleher also strongly opposes a statewide general sales tax and failed in an effort to put language in the 1972 constitution to ban sales taxes in Montana. | | | That's when Kelleher was unable to persuade fellow Constitutional Convention delegates to provide a one-house parliament for Montana. | | | Switching to a parliamentary form of government, in which the executive would come from the legislative branch and be of the same party, is an idea he has been pushing at least since 1972. |
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http://www.missoulian.com/articles/2004/10/18/news/mtregional/news03.txt
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| | Germany - The Legislature |
| | The two chambers are the Bundestag (Federal Diet or lower house) and the Bundesrat (Federal Council or upper house). | | | Unlike in the United States Congress, where all committees are chaired by members of the majority party, the German system allows members of the opposition party to chair a significant number of standing committees. | | | Understandably, the opposition parties are active in exercising the parliamentary right to scrutinize government actions. |
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http://countrystudies.us/germany/154.htm
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| | The Israel Democracy Institute |
| | The system used for Knesset elections has remained virtually unchanged since the elections to the First Knesset in 1949. | | | The introduction of direct elections for prime minister was not accompanied by any changes in the electoral system as such, though no one would deny that this change had a real impact on voting patterns, political strategies and the nature of the election campaign. | | | The electoral system will continue to be proportional, but the process of selecting candidates will take place on election day, rather than in earlier elections (“primaries”) as is currently the case. |
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http://www.idi.org.il/english/article.asp?id=693
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| | BBC - h2g2 - The British Parliamentary System |
| | Each MP is a member of one of the political parties, or an independent candidate, and this is stated on the ballot paper. | | | The House of Lords usually follows the Salisbury Convention in that parts of a government's manifesto are not challenged in the House of Lords. | | | Mostly government bills are passed as stated, with few changes as the government will almost always have a majority, so can usually force through bills, if the government's MPs vote with the government. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A591383
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| | In what sense is the UKs Parliamentary System said to be undemocratic? |
| | This means that the Prime minister and the House of commons are directly linked and the commons holds the majority of the Prime minister s party. | | | This means that a powerful government can be created with overwhelming parliamentary power, which can usually push through its required legislation, but with only a minority of the country support | | | Lord Hailsham referred to this system as an elective dictatorship. |
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http://www.coursework.info/i/51614.html
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| | index Houses of Parliament |
| | Major Parliamentary Occasions: the State Opening of Parliament, the Budget, Prime Minister's Question Time, Prorogation.... | | | Parliamentary Committees: select committees in the Commons and the Lords, joint committees in both Houses, standing committees.... | | | Elections: parliamentary constituencies and their boundaries, General Elections, by-elections.... |
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http://www.parliament.uk/works/index.cfm
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| | Parliamentary System |
| | Members not assigned a role are to report on different aspects of a parliamentary system as well as explain the constitution. | | | Remember to explain to the class what your role is in your new government. |
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http://www.lmu.edu/education/webquests/sum04/628/poindexter/democracy/group3page.htm
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| | Against parliamentary-federalist system - INQ7.net |
| | I’d say it would be the same for states. | | | Parliamentary vs. Presidential -- I am against the parliamentary system because of its basic premise, which, when taken to its core essence and stripped of all rhetoric and nonsense says this: that the masses are stupid. | | | Sure, we've had lousy presidents, but, really, do we have much choice? |
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http://news.inq7.net/viewpoints/index.php?index=1&story_id=47876
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