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| | Franklin Pierce - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The release of the Ostend Manifesto, signed by several of Pierce's cabinet members, caused outrage with its suggestion that the U.S. seize Cuba by force, and permanently discredited the Democratic Party's expansionist policies, which it had so famously rode to victory in 1844. | | | But the most controversial event of Pierce's presidency was the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise and reopened the question of slavery in the West. | | | Pierce's popularity in the North went down sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Pierce
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| | MSN Encarta - Multimedia - Ostend Manifesto |
| | The manifesto was a dispatch, signed by Buchanan and other United States diplomats, declaring that the U.S. had the right to take Cuba from Spain by force if Spain refused to sell it. | | | Buchanan later became the 15th president of the United States. | | | This cartoon shows American diplomat James Buchanan, second from right, being held up by robbers who quote the Ostend Manifesto as justification for taking his belongings. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/media_461520792_761560262_-1_1/Ostend_Manifesto.html
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| | Franklin Pierce |
| | After the document was published, Pierce's secretary of state William Marcy was forced to repudiate the Manifesto because of the diplomatic uproar in Europe that ensued. | | | While a tariff agreement was reached, Pierce expelled the British ambassador to the U.S. for his recruitment of American soldiers to fight in its war with Russia. | | | Soulé met with James Buchanan, Pierce's ambassador to England and future president of the United States. |
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http://www.historywise.com/KoTrain/Courses/FP/FP_Foreign_Affairs.htm
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| | President James Buchanan |
| | Public outcry in the States was immediate and the Congress called for all papers relating to the manifesto, but Pierce withheld his documents and gave the impressions it was his ministers that came up with the plan on their own. | | | The conclusion however had a toned-down version of President Pierce's instructions that Cuba might be seized by the United States, and Buchanan signed the document under protest. | | | When a division of political forces between Buchanan and Sen. Stephen Douglas allowed Franklin Pierce the Democratic Party nomination, and ultimate election as president, Buchanan accepted a post as Minister to Great Britain. |
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http://amh.freehosting.net/buch.html
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| | James Buchanan Biography (Reference) |
| | In 1853, Pierce appointed Buchanan minister to Britain, where he participated with other American diplomats in Europe in drafting the expansionist Ostend Manifesto. |
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http://www.teachervision.fen.com/page/162.html?detoured=1&for_printing=1
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| | MSN Encarta - Related Items - Caribbean Sea |
| | , title of a document drawn up at Ostend (Oostende), Belgium, on October 9, 1854, by James Buchanan, the U.S. minister to Britain,... |
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http://encarta.msn.com/related_761571085_10.6.11/Ostend_Manifesto.html
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| | Mason |
| | The first Mason (DD‑191) was named for John Young Mason, born 18 April 1799, in Greene County, Va. Both a political leader and a diplomat, he was Secretary of the Navy first for President John Tyler from 1844 to 1845 and then for President James K. Polk from 1846 to 1849. | | | As minister to France from 1853, he joined James Buchanan and Pierre Soulé, ministers, respectively, to Great Britain and Spain, in issuing on 18 October 1854 the famous Ostend Manifesto on the justification of seizing Cuba if Spain would not sell the colony to the United States. |
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http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/m6/mason-i.htm
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| | Copperhead Activities |
| | The newly born Republican party pointed to the Manifesto as proof that a Southern-dominated administration had surrendered to pressure for more slave territory, Buchanan's participation recommended him to Southern Democrats. | | | The meeting with the approval of President Pierce, resulted in the Ostend Manifesto. | | | Soule' was instructed by Marcy to meet at Ostend, Belgium, with John Y. Mason, and James Buchanan, U. Minister to France and Great Britain, respectively, for the purpose of shaping a policy on the acquisition of Cuba. |
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http://members.aol.com/CintiCWRT/copper.html
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| | Guest Comment |
| | While in Britain, he drafted the 1854 Ostend Manifesto, which threatened Spain with war, unless Spain sold Cuba to the U.S. — so that Cuba, where slavery was already well-established, could become an American slave state. | | | But when the Manifesto proved politically unpopular in the United States, President Pierce, Clinton-style, denied any knowledge of it. | | | Before becoming President, Buchanan had been U.S. Ambassador to Britain. |
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http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/comment042400e.html
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| | Ostend Manifesto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | American free-soilers, just recently stirred with the Fugitive Slave Law passed as part of the Compromise of 1850, decried the "manifesto of brigands." Thus the American scheme to capture Cuba fizzled. | | | The document declared that "Cuba is as necessary to the North American republic as any of its present members, and that it belongs naturally to that great family of states of which the Union is the Providential Nursery." | | | The Ostend Manifesto was a secret document written in 1854 by U.S. diplomats at Ostend, Belgium, describing a plan to acquire Cuba from Spain. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostend_Manifesto
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| | Virginius Incident |
| | Northern newspapers in the United States detected a conspiracy on behalf of the Southern states to expand slavery (since two of the Manifesto’s authors were Southern defenders of slavery), and vehemently protested. | | | In October of that year, three expansionists who were then serving as United States ambassadors in Europe (Pierre Soulé in Spain, John Mason in France, and James Buchanan in Britain) met in Ostend, Belgium, to discuss annexation of Cuba, under orders of Secretary of State William Marcy. | | | Politically embarrassed, the administration of President Franklin Pierce abandoned its Cuban venture. |
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http://www.spanamwar.com/virginius.htm
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| | Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.3, Entry 20, OSTEND MANIFESTO: Library of Economics and Liberty |
| | —The Ostend manifesto was denounced in the republican platform of 1856, as "the highwayman's plea that might makes right"; and was not openly defended by the democratic platform of 1856 or of 1860, except that the latter declared in favor of the acquisition of Cuba by honorable and just means, at the earliest practicable moment. | | | Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.3, Entry 20, OSTEND MANIFESTO: Library of Economics and Liberty | | | OSTEND MANIFESTO (IN The filibustering expeditions against Cuba (see |
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http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/Lalor/llCy790.html
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| | To what |
| | When they didn’t, the minister to Britain (Buchanan), the minister to France (Mason), and Soulé (all proponents of slavery) met at Ostend (Belgium) and wrote the Ostend Manifesto. | | | The degree of impact of the Ostend Manifesto was in the very document drawn up by three diplomats and then in the repudiation by the American government. | | | This manifesto placed the government in a serious predicament because the government had to decide between supporting and rejecting the document. |
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http://www.brockmislan.com/per5_ostend.htm
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| | Ostend Manifesto |
| | a declaration (1854) issued from Ostend, Belgium, by the U.S. ministers to England, France, and Spain, stating that the U.S. would be justified in seizing Cuba if Spain did not sell it to the U.S. Random House Unabridged Dictionary, |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ipd/A0570046.html
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| | Louisiana Timeline: Year 1854 |
| | If Cuba became a slave state, SoulÈ argues, it would avoid an influx of freed slaves and the Africanization¾ of Cuba. | | | South America & Caribbean: Pierre SoulÈ, U. Minister to Spain and Virginian John Young Mason, U. Minister to France are drafting the Ostend Manifesto, a plan for the American acquisition of Cuba. |
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http://www.enlou.com/time/year1854.htm
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| | General Discussion on American History Message Board |
| | It was not a manifesto it was a memo intended to be read by the President and Secretary of War Jefferson Davis (the future Confederate President) but it got leaked to the newspapers. | | | It was quite an embarresment to the Pierce adminstration because it was against international law to take land by force. | | | Amoung others future President James Buanan met with several forgin ministers in Ostend, Belgium and drew up an internal document which stated that if Spain refused the rediculusly low purchase price that the US was justified in going to war to take it. |
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http://mb.sparknotes.com/mb.epl?r=1&b=44&m=590117&p=12&t=199374
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| | filibustering |
| | planned invasion of Cuba, was friend of Secretary of War Jefferson Davis, supported by resolution of Sen. John Slidell of La. on May 1 to suspend neutrality laws, but backlash over Ostend Manifesto caused Pierce to enforce neutrality laws and invasion called off by 1855. | | | Jane Cazneau 1853 in Dominican Republic vs. Haiti for Marcy & Pierce, but unofficially McClellan's survey of Samana Bay for Navy |
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http://history.acusd.edu/gen/civilwar/04/filibuster.html
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| | Chapter 21 Notes |
| | But the secret Ostend Manifesto was leaked out which angered the north and forced pierce to drop the scheme. | | | 1854 - American ministers meeting in Ostend, Belgium drew up a secret memo (known as the Ostend Manifesto) which urged President Pierce to offer $120 million for Cuba and, if Spain refused the offer, the U.S. should take it militarily. | | | The Mexican War also stimulated the spirit of manifest destiny - the prime objective in the 1850's was Cuba. |
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http://home.comcast.net/~motten/ap_hist/notes/note21.htm
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| | Election of 1856 |
| | Further, Buchanan was popular in the South because of his part in the Ostend Manifesto. | | | In his place the Democrats turned to James Buchanan, who had been the minister to Britain from 1853 to 1856 and was not linked to the Kansas issue. | | | The Republicans ran their first presidential campaign in 1856, choosing noted Western explorer John C. Frémont, “The Pathfinder." Frémont had no political record (regarded as a plus), but held abolitionist views (a negative in the eyes of many moderates). |
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http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h85.html
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| | Timeline 1854 - 1919 |
| | Meantime, the Senate refuses to ratify the Treaty of Versailles, 55-39. | | | The ministers write up a document that urges the U.S. to annex Cuba for the security of slavery, and that if Spain refuses to sell the island, it should be taken by force. | | | Ostend Manifesto issued by U.S. ministers to Europe. |
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http://pinzler.com/ushistory/timeline9.html
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| | History They Didn't Teach in School--Platt Amendment |
| | ministers to Spain, France and Britain met in Ostend, Belgium and issued the so-called Ostend Manifesto, which | | | In 1854, with President Franklin Pierce adamant about acquiring the island, the American |
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http://vi.uh.edu/pages/buzzmat/htdtisplatt.html
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| | Great American History Fact-Finder - -Ostend Manifesto |
| | Meeting in Ostend, Belgium, Minister to France John Mason, Minister to Great Britain James Buchanan, and Minister to Spain Pierre Soulé were authorized by Secretary of State William Marcy to negotiate the purchase, which failed. | | | Southern expansionists had hoped that by this agreement the island of Cuba would become a southern slave state. | | | When news of the manifesto's contents reached the press, however, northern protests caused Marcy to disclaim it as official U.S. policy. |
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http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/gahff/html/ff_139700_ostendmanife.htm
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| | Search Results for manifesto - Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | (1906), laws promulgated by the Russian emperor Nicholas II, ostensibly to carry out the governmental reforms promised in his earlier October Manifesto (q.v.). | | | (Oct. 18, 1854), communication from three U.S. diplomats to Secretary of State William L. Marcy, advocating U.S. seizure of Cuba from Spain; the incident marked the high point of the U.S. Karakhan Manifesto | | | (1854) Secret document written by U.S. diplomats at Ostend, Belg.,... |
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http://www.britannica.com/search?query=manifesto&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT
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| | JAMES BUCHANAN - LoveToKnow Article on JAMES BUCHANAN |
| | Fortunately for his career he was abroad during the Kansas-Nebraska debates, and hence did not share in the unpopularity which attached to Stephen A. Douglas as the author of the bill, and to President Pierce as the executive who was called upon to enforce it. | | | At the same time, by joining with J. Mason and Pierre Soul in issuing the Ostend Manifesto in 1854, he retained the good-will of the South.1 Accordf This manifesto, which was bitterly attacked in the North, was agreed upon (October 18, 1854) by the three ministers after several meetings at Ostend and at Aix-la-Chapelle,. |
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http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/B/BU/BUCHANAN_JAMES.htm
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| | Washington - Monroe |
| | Ostend Manifesto — by Buchanan to take Cuba — rejected | | | Walker expedition — Walker raises army, takes Nicaragua, Pierce recognizes new government |
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http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Pantheon/9910/Adams-Pierce.html
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| | Ostend Manifesto |
| | In 1854 three American diplomats, Pierre Soulé (minister to Spain), James Buchanan (minister to Britain), and John Y. Mason (minister to France) met in Ostend, Belgium. | | | Representing the views of many Southern Democrats, the diplomats issued a warning to Spain that it must sell Cuba to the United States or risk having it taken by force. | | | You can get new and used United States history textbooks at |
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http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h147.html
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| | The American Legacy Preservation Act |
| | He was U.S. Minister to Great Britain from 1853 to 1856, appointed by President Pierce. | | | This forever tied him to slavery, as slave states saw Cuba as ripe for the expansion of slavery. | | | The Ostend Manifesto also won him strong support from the South. |
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http://www.house.gov/pitts/initiatives/jb-010723-jbbio.htm
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| | US Interference in The Americas And The Caribbean |
| | This caused the British to strengthen the military presence in Jamaica. | | | After Emancipation in 1838 there were rumblings that Jamaica and Cuba would be annexed by the USA. | | | Ever since the proclamation of the 'Monroe Doctrine' in 1823, and the 'Ostend manifesto in 1854, Latin America, Central America and the Caribbean, have been threatened constantly by the political ravens of the Pentagonian Manifest Destiny. |
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http://www.caribvoice.org/Features/usinterference.html
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| | APX: Foreign Policy |
| | Manifesto drafted by US diplomats declaring that Spain must give up Cuba, otherwise the US would take it by force to prevent a slave insurrection | | | Breakaway government of the Southern state founded in February 1861 at Montgomery, Alabama | | | Cartoon Of Robbers Stealing Buchanan's Coat, The Ostend Manifesto Being the Excuse(Encarta) |
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http://tjhsst.edu/~jlivings/apx/third.php?section=/spread.html&artnav=true
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| | The Kansas Nebraska Act |
| | When the document in which he stated these plans (The Ostend Manifesto) was leaked to the press, Pierce refuted the policy. | | | Pierce instructed his representatives to take whatever actions needed to accomplish this goal, even if it meant going to war. |
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http://www.historycentral.com/Ant/Ostend.html
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| | :socialreform::west & south: |
| | President Franklin Pierce sent three American diplomats to Ostend, Belgium to secretly negotiate the purchase of Spanish Cuba. | | | President Pierce bought a strip of land in the Southwest (for a railroad) from Mexico for $10 million. This land is part of the southern sections of present-day New Mexico and Arizona. |
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http://www.tjhsst.edu/~ccotton/production/West_South.htm
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| | AllRefer.com - Pierre SoulE (U.S. History, Biography) - Encyclopedia |
| | SoulE served in the U.S. Senate in 1847 and from 1849 to 1853, when he resigned to become minister to Spain. | | | Instructed to try to secure Cuba from Spain, he overreached himself, especially in drawing up, with James Buchanan and John Y. Mason, the notorious Ostend Manifesto. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/S/Soule-Pi.html
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| | OSTEND' MANIFESTO |
| | Ostend' Manifesto A declaration made in 1857 by the Ministers of the United States in England, France, and Spain, "that Cuba must belong to the United States." Source: Brewer's Dictionary. | | | Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | | | -5 letters: denominates, denotations, detainments, detonations, emendations, endomitoses, fomentation, maisonettes, manifestoed, manifestoes. |
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http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/english/Os/Ostend%2527+Manifesto.html
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| | Brewer, E. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Ostend’ Manifesto. |
| | A declaration made in 1857 by the Ministers of the United States in England, France, and Spain, “that Cuba must belong to the United States.” | | | Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference > Brewer’s Dictionary > Ostend’ Manifesto. |
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http://www.bonus.com/contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/81/12554.html
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| | [No title] |
| | What effect did this have on Pierce's reputation and on the concept of expansion? | | | What areas did President Franklin Pierce hope to acquire? | | | What key ideas were contained in the OSTEND MANIFESTO? |
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http://www2.rpa.net/~bcds/UNIT5-2.TXT
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| | WILLIAM LEARNED MARCY - LoveToKnow Article on WILLIAM LEARNED MARCY |
| | Marcy died at Ballston Spa, New York, on the 4th of July 1857, a short time after the close of Pierces administration. | | | For his early career, consult J. Jenkins, Lives of the Governors of New York (Auburn, New York, 1851), and for his work as secretary of 3tate, see James Ford Rhodes, history of the United States (vols. | | | But the remarkable Ostend Manifesto (see BUCHANAN, JAMES), the outcome of their conference, was quite unexpected, and Marcy promptly disavowed the document. |
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http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MARCY_WILLIAM_LEARNED.htm
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| | The American Nation Online Chapter 14 -- Introduction |
| | North-South divisions deepened in the 1850s with the Compromise of 1850’s new fugitive slave law and the publication of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom's Cabin. | | | Hence he was the architect of the Compromise of 1850 and the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act, which positioned the United States on the road to civil war. | | | But when American ministers produced the Ostend Manifesto proposing taking Cuba from Spain, many northerners saw it as a "slaveholders' plot." A leading voice for the Young America movement was Stephen Douglass, who based his politics in expansion and popular sovereignty; while he opposed slavery's expansion he did not see it as a moral issue. |
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http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/garraty_awl/chapter14/objectives/deluxe-content.html
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| | Slavery - Toward Racial Equality |
| | They draft a policy recommendation to President Pierce, urging him to attempt again to purchase Cuba from Spain and, if Spain refuses, to take the island by force. | | | The U.S. ministers to Britain, France, and Spain meet in Ostend, Belgium. | | | When the secret proposal—called the Ostend Manifesto—is leaked to the press, it creates an uproar since Cuba would likely become another slave state. |
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http://blackhistory.harpweek.com/2Slavery/SlaveryTimeline.htm
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| | Ostend |
| | Ostend Manifesto - Ostend Manifesto, document drawn up in Oct., 1854, at Ostend, Belgium, by James Buchanan, American... | | | Party all the way to Bruges and Ostend (Evening Telegraph) | | | Party all the way to Bruges and Ostend; READER HOLIDAYS.(Competitions/Offers) (Coventry Evening Telegraph (England)) |
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http://www.infoplease.com/id/A0917078
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| | Chapter 3 Summary of Kenneth Stampp's "America on the Brink of Civil War: 1857" |
| | Buchanan's defective vision, resulting in his squinting and head-tilting mannerisms, compounded by his lack of personal warmth, his bachelor status and need for "cronies," suggests someone less than ideal as President of the United States. | | | When Stampp tells us of Buchanan's trust of Senator John Slidell, a "transplanted New Yorker turned ardent Southerner" and other similar inclinations, then informs us of Buchanan's hatred of abolitionists and free-soil Republicans, we recognize a pattern that fails to promise capacity for discretion in the Kansas crisis. | | | Ominously, Stampp reminds us that Buchanan was one of the authors of the notorious Ostend Manifesto, threatening force if Spain would resist demands for Cuba. |
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http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~rpekarek/Stampp3.html
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| | Multiple-Choice Questions |
| | put into law the tenets of the Ostend Manifesto. | | | The Illinois senator who cobbled together the complicated agreement known as the "Compromise of 1850" was: | | | The Ostend Manifesto issued in 1854 was seen in the North as a(n): |
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http://wps.ablongman.com/long_jones_ceb_1/0,9390,1485260-content,00.utf8.html
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| | ROAD TO CIVIL WAR OSTEND MANIFESTO |
| | President Pierce sent Pierre Soule to Spain to offer the Spanish $130 million for Cuba in 1854. | | | At that meeting, the suggestion was made that if Spain refused to sell Cuba, the United States should take it by force. | | | Before going to Spain, Soule meet with several other American ambassadors in Ostend Belgium. |
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http://mrgigliotti.com/Road%20to%20Civil%20War%20Ostend%20Manifesto.htm
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| | 22¢ Franklin Pierce |
| | For example, when a United States minister was insulted in Nicaragua, Pierce used gunboat diplomacy to right the wrong and nearly caused a war. | | | The President threatened Spain with the Ostend Manifesto -- which called for Spain to sell Cuba to America or have it taken by force -- then he backed down when the Spanish rebuffed his demands. | | | His policies fared no better on the home front. |
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http://www.unicover.com/EA1CAKX3.HTM
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| | The American Empire: The Beginnings of World Dominion |
| | In 1854 the American ministers to London, France and Madrid met at the direction of the State Department and drew up a document (the "Ostend Manifesto") dealing with the future of Cuba. | | | The Ostend Manifesto was rejected by the State Department, but it was a good picture of the imperialistic sentiment at that time abroad among certain elements in the United States. | | | The Cuban issue featured in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates in 1858. |
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http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article5155.htm
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| | Not Much About Franklin Pierce |
| | Gen. Winfield Scott (Pierce won a landslide victory) | | | first stamped envelopes, 1853; Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854; Gadsden Purchase, 1854; Ostend Manifesto, 1854; financial panic, 1857; first perforated postage stamps used, 1857 |
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http://www.mindspring.com/~dbholzel/pierce/about.html
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| | The Cuban Nation, 1898-1959 [Free Republic] |
| | They approved the doctrine of the "Ostend Manifesto", by resolving that "the Democratic party were in favor of the acquisition of Cuba," and Mr Buchanan was chosen to be their standard bearer because of his known sympathy with these movements for the extension of the area and perpetuation of the slave system. | | | Senator A. Brown of Mississippi, one of the comittee appointed to call upon Mr. | | | In their resolutions, put forth as a platform of principles, they approved the invasion and usurpation of Walker, in Nicaragua, as efforts of the people of Central America "to regenerate that portion of the continent whch covers the passage across the interoceanic isthmus." |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a38ee29f65a97.htm
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| | The Ultimate Young America movement - American History Information Guide and Reference |
| | In the context of the movement, Pierce unsuccessfully tried to acquire Cuba from Spain. | | | Attempts to purchase the island failed, and when plans to take Cuba by force (known as the Ostend Manifesto) were leaked to the public, the president withdrew from this effort. | | | One of the members of this movement, George Nicholas Sanders, has been named as part of a wider conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln. |
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http://www.historymania.com/american_history/Young_America_movement
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| | Ostend Manifesto |
| | The Ostend Manifesto was a document which proposed the annexation of Cuba to the United States. |
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http://pedia.newsfilter.co.uk/wikipedia/o/os/ostend_manifesto.html
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| | Ostend Manifesto |
| | a famous dispatch signed at Ostend, October 9, 1854, by James Buchanan, John Y. Mason and Pierre Soule, at that time United States ministers to Great Britain, France and Spain, respectively. | | | It declared that the purchase of Cuba from Spain by the United States would be highly desirable, but that if Spain refused to sell, the United States should forcibly acquire the island. | | | You Are Here: Factopia Home » Ostend Manifesto |
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http://www.factopia.com/practical-reference-vol4/ostend-manifesto-cuba.htm
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| | PRESIDENTIAL RESOURCES WEB SITE |
| | When James Buchanan was Prime Minister to Great Britain, he, J.Y. Mason and Pierre Soule created the Ostend Manifesto. | | | Walker was a rogue and Buchanan disliked him. | | | American History Leaflets: Colonial and Constitutional No.2: Ostend Manifesto |
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http://www.kings.edu/hbfedric/presidents.html
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