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| | Mensheviks - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | From that point on, the Mensheviks had at least one representative in the Provisional Government until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution of 1917. | | | This eventually led to the Bolsheviks declaring their faction to be the party in 1912 with the aid of a handful of Mensheviks. | | | This split in the party crippled the Mensheviks' popularity, and they received less than 3% of the vote during the Russian Constituent Assembly election in November 1917 compared to the Bolsheviks' 25% and the Socialist Revolutionaries' 57%. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensheviks
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| | [No title] |
| | Consequently, the Mensheviks should seek alliances with other democratic forces and not with the Bolsheviks." 33 The final vote at the Extraordinary Congress where the Mensheviks debated was (out of 120): Martov, 50; Dan, 26; Liber, 13; and Potresov, 10. | | | Concurrently, inter-party disputes gradually led to an official split between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks. | | | The Mensheviks, in both cases, leaned toward a broader membership; the Bolsheviks did not. |
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http://www.gmu.edu/departments/economics/bcaplan/menshev.txt
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| | The Awakening of Georgia |
| | It was from Georgia that most of the Menshevik members of the successive Dumas had been elected. | | | The Government formed in Georgia was dominated by the Mensheviks, as was the whole country - the government was led first by Noe Ramishvili, then by Noe Zhordania; Chkheidze and Tsereteli were major figures in the legislature. | | | True, it was Russia that had raised Plekhanov, Akselrod and Martov; but it was Georgia that had provided the Party with practical workers and mass support. |
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http://www.amherst.edu/~daschaich/writings/academic/georgia.html
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| | Mike Haynes: Was there a parliamentary alternative in Russia in 1917? (Part 3) |
| | As their own side of the coalition dissolved, undercutting the whole basis of the negotiations, their hopes were briefly raised by the appearance of a split at the top of the Bolshevik Party as a leading group resigned for fear of the revolution being isolated if a compromise was not reached. | | | But on the left the Menshevik vote slumped relatively and fell absolutely from 81,000 to 16,000 a fall of 80 percent. | | | But before anyone had a chance to respond part of the right wing of the SR’s and the right of the Mensheviks broke away arguing that there could be no compromise and that the revolution had to be opposed. |
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http://www.marxists.de/russrev/haynes/parlalt3.htm
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| | The Revolution of 1905 |
| | At the Prague Congress in 1912 the Bolsheviks expelled the Mensheviks from the party. | | | A perfunctory reconciliation at the 4th Congress in 1906 at Stockholm soon broke apart. | | | Lenin is behind the scenes since he did not return to St. Petersburg until November. |
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http://mars.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/rev1905.html
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| | Lenin: The Protest of the Thirty-One Mensheviks |
| | You yourselves are compelled to admit that the St. Peters burg Social-Democratic organisation is a Bolshevik body. | | | It is worth noting as a curiosity, for instance, that the Latvian District (the inclusion of which the Mensheviks complain about), was included before the Unity Congress, that is, when there was an equal number of Bolsheviks and Mensheviks on t.he St. Petersburg Committee. | | | You see, the votes of the shop-assistants ought to have been disqualified despite the “attempt to take a referendum”. |
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http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1907/jan/25b.htm
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| | Chapter Thirty-Seven, THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION OF 1905 |
| | This wide difference of approach of the two groups was expressed strikingly in the Congresses held separately in April of 1905 by the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks. | | | Still the Bolsheviks were not willing to admit that they had made an error previously in urging the boycott. | | | On the other hand the Bolshevik Congress, really the Third Congress of the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party, adopted Lenin's ideas. |
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http://www.weisbord.org/conquest37.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | The Mensheviks believed in free trade during the capitalist stage of the revolution which would of course, become a key part of the New Economic Policy, as opposed to the state trade monopoly of War Communism, | | | However, he introduced the New Economic Policy as his own idea without openly admitting and stating that the Mensheviks had been right. | | | The Supreme Council of the People's Economy soon ceased to be a council and rapidly evolved into a bureaucratic extension of the state. |
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http://members.lycos.co.uk/duncbaines/russia3.htm
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| | Reclaim Lenin from "Leninists" and "Leninism" |
| | It is a Congress to organise war." Whatever his followers may have thought, he did not mean war against the Mensheviks. | | | Lenin eventually concluded that it was necessary to refound the movement once again, and he threaded his way through to the 1912 conference by finding new close collaborators, Kamenev and Zinoviev, and breaking decisively with the ultraleftism of Bogdanov, etc. He also made a bloc on his right with the pro-party Mensheviks, led by Plekhanov. | | | But by the time he got to Stockholm for the unity Congress he knew he had been mistaken to yield. |
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http://members.optusnet.com.au/spainter/LeninII.html
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| | MSN Encarta - Search View - Trotsky |
| | In 1907 he attended the Fifth Congress of the RSDLP, where he refused to align with either the Mensheviks or the Bolsheviks. | | | In 1903 Trotsky attended the historic Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP). | | | The Bolsheviks were led by Lenin, and the Mensheviks were led by Martov. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/text_761557000__1/Trotsky.html
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| | RevolutionaryLeft.com -> Menshevism - What it is, who is applying it |
| | This was really not a controversial question, but regarded as self-evident, not only by the Bolsheviks but also by the Mensheviks (who were in the majority!). | | | At that time there were three tendencies, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks and Trotsky on his own. | | | They assumed that bourgeois class and its petty-bourgeois democrat allies will lead the revolution from the great bourgeois-democratic revolutions of the past, and that they will be supported by working class, again as in past revolutions. |
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http://www.revolutionaryleft.com/index.php?showtopic=7921
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| | Left analysis of Kronstadt in 1921 |
| | "When in his Berlin Journal Martov declared that Kronstadt not only adopted Menshevik slogans but also proved that an anti-Bolshevik movement was possible which did not entirely serve the interests of the White Guards, the capitalists and the landlords, he served as an example of a conceited philistine Narcissus. | | | One is led to believe that already in 1921, Bolshevik 'justice' knew how to concoct confessions. | | | The Narcissuses will chatter; the Milyukovs and White Guards will act.... |
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http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/russia/mett/time8.html
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| | What's New -- Historical & Political Articles |
| | This was an ominous sign for the Menshevik government of Georgia. | | | In February 1921, the Bolsheviks invaded and occupied Georgia. | | | The Mensheviks in Georgia enjoyed great support among the workers. |
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http://www.geohistory.com/geoworld/politics.asp?Type=Article&TOPIC_ID=NATSTAT0034
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| | Mensheviks |
| | This move was unsuccessful and the party split and after that date the Mensheviks split completely from the Bolsheviks. | | | Tsereteli, who was the government's Minister of the Interior, gave the order to arrest | | | Julius Martov and the Mensheviks were united in their opposition to the October Revolution. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSmensheviks.htm
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| | Bolshevik - Simple English Wikipedia |
| | The Mensheviks opposed the government led by the Bolsheviks. | | | After the February Revolution some of the Mensheviks, had taken position's in the Provisional Government. | | | In 1905 the Bolshevik group became a separate political party, the RSDLP (B) the 'B' in brackets standing for 'Bolsheviki'. |
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http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolshevik
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| | 1903 - Free Encyclopedia |
| | (NOTE: Later the Mensheviks became the majority party, meaning that the Mensheviks became the bolsheviks and the Bolsheviks mensheviks). | | | US President Theodore Roosevelt wanted the United States to build the Panama Canal but were blocked by Colombia. | | | November 18 - The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the Americans exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone. |
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http://www.wacklepedia.com/1/19/1903.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The Anarchists are one; the state capitalists are one; the mensheviks are a third. | | | Trotsky was a Menshevik on the party question in 1903-04. | | | Mensheviks and others who pour scorn on the Bolshevik revolution are in reality reponsible for its bureaucratisation, not the demise of the working class in Russia as Louis, and Tony Cliff argue. |
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http://www.kmf.org/malecki/cockroach/cr0041.txt
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| | RUSNET :: Encyclopedia :: M :: Menshevik Party |
| | After the successful bourgeois revolution of February 1917, most Mensheviks joined the provisional government, though as a party they had no power. | | | After the October Revolution the Mensheviks opposed the Soviet government, primarily through bureaucratic lobbying, though some members later joined the white armies. | | | Meaning "minority" in Russian, the party was formed in 1903 from a split in the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (R.S.D.L.P), which created the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks parties. |
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http://www.rusnet.nl/encyclo/m/mensheviks.shtml
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| | Theses of the Right Mensheviks, 1919 |
| | Basing their case on traditional Menshevik perspectives and passages from Engels, the Right Mensheviks argued that the cause of historical progress and the working class would be better served by a White victory. | | | This is a swipe at the left-wing leadership of the Menshevik party, many of whom in 1917 had belonged to the "Menshevik-Internationalist" faction, regarded by the right as far too close to Bolshevism. | | | The Right Mensheviks' theses show just how deeply the Menshevik party was divided on the most fundamental political question in Russia in 1919 - should one back the Reds or the Whites in the civil war? |
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http://www.uea.ac.uk/his/webcours/russia/documents/rite-men.shtml
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| | Karl Marx by V.I. Lenin |
| | They became know as Mensheviks at the Second Congress of the RSDLP in 1903. | | | After the victory of the February bourgeois-democratic revolution in 1917, the Mensheviks accepted posts in the bourgeois Provisional Government, supported its imperialist policy and opposed the socialist revolution being prepared by the Bolsheviks. | | | During the elections to the Party central bodies, the revolutionary Social-Democrats, led by Lenin, won the majority (bolshinstvo) while the opportunists found themselves in the minority (menshinstvo); hence the names Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. |
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http://www.newyouth.com/archives/classics/lenin/karl_marx.html
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| | Ann McMillin |
| | The Bolshevik and Menshevik split was officially a permanent feature of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, though at the time many party members wrongly believed reconciliation to be inevitable. | | | Lenin and his adherents were then known as the Bolsheviks while his opponents became the Mensheviks. | | | The Mensheviks strongly condemned the terrorism of the ‘expropriations’ at a 1907 congress in London. |
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http://www.unc.edu/~amcmilli/russia.htm
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| | Vera Broido, Lenin and the Mensheviks, Gower, Alder-shot, 1987, pp216, £17 |
| | Had not the Menshevik government in Georgia persecuted the revolutionaries and openly stated that they preferred the imperialists of the west to the 'fanatics' of the east? | | | None of this could have endeared the Mensheviks to those who had led the revolution and were intent on defending, it. | | | Vera Broido, Lenin and the Mensheviks, Gower, Alder-shot, 1987, pp216, £17 |
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http://www.revolutionary-history.co.uk/backiss/Vol2/No1/Broido.html
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| | Wikinfo Bolshevik |
| | The split occurred at the Second Party Congress in 1903. | | | The faction supporting Lenin became the Bolsheviks, and those who opposed Lenin's model became the Mensheviks. | | | Lenin lost, by a vote of 28 to 23, and the party split over the issue. |
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http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Bolsheviks
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| | Soviet View of Georgia |
| | During mid February of 1921 an armed uprising began formulating; covering all of Georgia and on February 16th the Revolutionary Committee of Georgia was formed. | | | In March of 1921 Soviet Power was established throughout Georgia and by the end of that month Georgia had been cleared of all Menshevik troops. | | | This committee subsequently proclaimed Georgia to be a Soviet socialist republic and called upon the masses of Georgia to seize power in the provinces and form local revolutionary committees. |
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http://www.bu.edu/econ/faculty/kyn/newweb/economic_systems/NatIdentity/FSU/Caucasus/gruzia/soviet_view_of_georgia.htm
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| | The Moron's Almanac: News and Misinformation |
| | Later the Mensheviks became the majority party, meaning that the Mensheviks had become bolsheviks and the Bolsheviks mensheviks. | | | On November 17, 1903, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin's stubbornness split the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party into two factions: the slim majority who sided with him, and the vast minority who opposed him. | | | The Russian terms for majority and minority are bolshevik and menshevik, respectively, and so these factions took their names. |
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http://www.justmorons.com/articles/day021115.html
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| | Challenges of the Revolution of 1905 and World War I (from Vladimir Ilich Lenin) -- Britannica Concise ... |
| | The outbreak of the revolution, in January 1905, found Lenin abroad in Switzerland, and he did not return to Russia until November. | | | But the Mensheviks argued that the bourgeois revolution must be led by the bourgeoisie, with whom the proletariat must ally itself in order to make the democratic revolution. | | | This would bring the liberal bourgeoisie to full power, whereupon the RSDWP would act as the party of opposition. |
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http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-60988
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| | Marxists Writers Archive |
| | Foremost exponent of the Marxist approach to Law. | | | Helped create the Russian Social-Democratic party, becomming a Menshevik after the split in the party, but he tried to keep the party united. | | | Originally close collaborator of Lenin, split with him in 1093 and became leading Left Menshevik and critic of Bolshevism. |
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http://www.marxists.org/archive
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| | A-list message, Re: [CrashList] Bolsheviks v. Mensheviks |
| | This goes to the heart of crucial questions about dictatorship v. | | | If you were to put people in such a position, you had to give them the feeling that they were acting out of their own accord. | | | Secondly, a central issue in _What is to be done ?_ is Lenin arguing that workers should be involved in politics and the Mensheviks (Economists, anyway) arguing that they shouldn't, but should be represented by the intellectuals in politics. |
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http://archives.econ.utah.edu/archives/a-list/2001/msg00850.htm
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| | THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND THE BOLSHEVIK DICTATORSHIP AND THE LABOUR THEORY OF VALUE |
| | The results for the 707 seats (that were still part of Russia) gave a majority to the Social Revolutionary Party with 410 seats; the Bolsheviks got 175; the Kadets (Constitutional Democrats, or liberals) 17 and the Mensheviks 16. | | | The Mensheviks, who refused to recognise the rule of the Bolsheviks as that of the working class, said that as the revolution was, and could only be, a bourgeois one the unions should keep their traditional role and independence of the State. | | | Later, when the government had to deal with the revolt of Kornilov and his military supporters it was to the Soviets that Kerensky turned for help. |
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http://www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/education/rrbdandltv.html
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| | This isn’t writing, it’s typing.: Bolsheviks and Mensheviks |
| | I don't agree with Hugh's assessment, but I'll concede that James is definitely leaning in that direction, to judge from an email I got from him this morning. | | | This isn’t writing, it’s typing.: Bolsheviks and Mensheviks | | | Alex Jones, director of Harvard University's Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy, predicts that all four principals will sue CBS, and that [CBS News president Andrew] Heyward wil... |
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http://writingcompany.blogs.com/this_isnt_writing_its_typ/2005/01/bolsheviks_and_.html
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| | The New York Review of Books: STALIN, TROTSKY, & CROMWELL |
| | Apparently in return for this loyalty the Bolsheviks legalized the Menshevik party in November, 1918." The Mensheviks' most prestigious leaders, Martov and Dan, called for "unconditional support of Bolshevism in its resistance to international imperialism and its internal and counterrevolutionary allies." | | | Hill is ironic about my assessment of the Mensheviks. | | | Were I to write and then maintain in print for over twenty years that the Levellers were agents of the French government, would Mr. |
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http://www.nybooks.com/articles/9575
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| | news and letters archives column--November 97 |
| | Indeed, he reproduced his speech in the 1922 edition of 1905 precisely to show that he opposed the Mensheviks and voted with the Bolsheviks.(4)Yet in the years immediately following the Congress he wrote a whole series of articles attacking the Bolsheviks as well as the Mensheviks. | | | The major one (and the one he was proud enough to reproduce in the 1922 edition of his 1905) was the article that had been published in Luxemburg's paper in 1909. | | | Trotsky did not present a resolution different from the one the Bolsheviks presented, though he tried to amend that one. |
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http://www.newsandletters.org/Issues/1997/Nov/11-97arch.html
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| | Russian Chronology, 1912-1914 |
| | Dec.29 > The Czar ousts the moderate Interior Minister Makarov, and installs the reactionary Maklakov | | | Jan.--- > The government tries 159 Armenian Dashnak revolutionaries - ~the case is soon discredited by falsified evidence | | | Oct.--- > The Beilis Trial ends after two years: the Jewish defendant is acquitted of ritual murder, but in humiliating terms - outrage from Russian liberals |
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http://cnparm.home.texas.net/Nat/Rus/Rus07.htm
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| | Russian Chronology, 1904 |
| | Dec.13 > The Moscow City Council endorses the Zemstvo Congress’ call for a constitution | | | Dec.03 > The Mensheviks support the Zemstvo Congress’ call for reforms - ~Lenin briefly disagrees and calls for armed revolt | | | Jan.--- > After having broken with Lenin in 1903, the Mensheviks are openly squabbling with him over his centralizing tendencies |
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http://cnparm.home.texas.net/Nat/Rus/Rus01.htm
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| | Bolshevism and Menshevism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | In the first Duma of 1906, which was boycotted by the Social Democrats, the liberal Constitutional Democrats were the strongest party, but in 1907 the Social Democrats took part in the elections. | | | In 1912 the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks formally became separate parties. | | | His group was thereafter known as the Bolsheviki [members of the majority], and his opponents as the Mensheviki [members of the minority], although the Bolsheviks promptly lost their numerical superiority. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/bo/Bolshevi.html
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| | Melberg, Hans O. (1996), Dynamic counterfactual correlations |
| | Caplan's "The Mensheviks' Critique of Bolshevism and the Bolshevik State" | | | By his own admission the answer to the first is that it is likely that the Mensheviks would have acted differently. | | | This does not mean that the paper is flawless. |
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http://www.geocities.com/hmelberg/papers/961214.htm
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| | V.I. Lenin 3 |
| | The Mensheviks desired a democratic party with many members. | | | A tug-o-war ensued and the party split into the Lenin-led Bolsheviks (the majority) and the Mensheviks (the minority). | | | There was a bump in the road known as “July Days” when the Bolsheviks attempt to overthrow the Provisional Government was thwarted. |
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http://www.webspawner.com/users/pakli/vilenincontiune.html
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| | Debate and discussion: The Mensheviks were right Workers' Liberty |
| | Martov supported the Bolsheviks in the civil war, and his party played a role in the unions and the soviets until the early 1920s when they were finally crushed. | | | It was Lenin who established the Cheka (later known as the GPU, NKVD and KGB) within weeks of the Bolshevik revolution, months before the outbreak of the civil war. | | | The Mensheviks originated in the Iskra group of Marxists led by Lenin and Martov, which succeeded in taking over the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party at its 1903 congress, but split over several organisational questions. |
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http://www.workersliberty.org/node/view/3679
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| | H-Net Review: Robert W. Thurston on From the Other Shore: Russian Social Democracy After 1921 |
| | The GPU believed that Raphael Abramowitch had also entered the country, although he had not. | | | But it is a bit unsettling to find only two references to the Mensheviks in the Caucasus, whence came fully half of the (admittedly paltry) votes for the party in the 1918 elections to the Constituent Assembly. | | | It took one of their own, the "extraparty right wing Menshevik Stepan Ivanovich," to sum up the party's position as one of the "politics of isolation and... |
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http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=7084934490669
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| | History of RUSSIA |
| | When the first chairman of the soviet is arrested in November, Trotsky is elected in his place. | | | In that year revolution suddenly erupts in Russia, but not as a result of Bolshevik or Menshevik prompting. | | | It is an executive committee consisting of fifty elected members, including a quota of seven each for the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks. |
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http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=2399&HistoryID=ac14
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| | Anarchists and the myth of Kronstadt : SF Indymedia |
| | The president of the soviet was a nonparty man, "sympathetic to the Anarchists," and in essence a peaceful petty clerk who had been formerly subservient to the czarist authorities and was now subservient... | | | There were no Mensheviks at all in Kronstadt. | | | This social and political characterization of Kronstadt; which, if desired, could be substantiated and illustrated by many facts and documents, is already sufficient to illuminate the upheavals which occurred in Kronstadt during the years of the civil war and as a result of which its physiognomy changed beyond recognition. |
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http://sf.indymedia.org/print.php?id=1544938
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| | RevolutionaryLeft.com -> can someone help me? - i need sum help |
| | Mensheviks: Menshevik is Russian for "minority." Also formed in Belgium at the second congress of the RSDLP in 1903, this party was comprised of peoples not following Lenin. | | | Leon Trotsky was initially a member of the Mensheviks, but led most of the party to the Bolshevik side right before the Russian Revolution. | | | It was the Bolshevik wing of the Social Democrat party who argued for running canidates in the Duma, it was the Mensheviks who oposed such measures, kind of weird given Lenin's rhetoric. |
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http://www.revolutionaryleft.com/index.php?showtopic=5440
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| | Menshevik |
| | Member of the minority of the Russian Social Democratic Party, who split from the Bolsheviks in 1903. | | | During the Russian Revolution they had limited power and set up a government in Georgia, but were suppressed in 1922. | | | The Mensheviks believed in a large, loosely organized party and that, before socialist revolution could occur in Russia, capitalist society had to develop further. |
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http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0002270.html
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| | Russia in 1919 - Chapter 28 |
| | Of these two, Martov is by far the cleverer, Dan the more garrulous, being often led away by his own volubility into agitation of a kind not approved by his friends. | | | I saw Martov at the offices of his newspaper, which had just been suppressed on account of an article, which he admitted was a little indiscreet, objecting to the upkeep of the Red Army (see page 167). | | | Speakers were announced from the Communists, Internationalists, Mensheviks, and Right Social Revolutionaries. |
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http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/hst/russian/Russiain1919/chap29.html
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| | Leon Trotsky: Permanent Revolution: 1931-PREFACE TO THE RE-ISSUE OF THIS WORK PUBLISHED IN MOSCOW IN 1919 |
| | This article had a polemical purpose and was a criticism of the programmatic ‘Letter’ addressed to ‘Comrades in Russia’ by the leaders of the Mensheviks. | | | The point of view of Bolshevism, while recognizing the inevitability of the bourgeois character of the coming revolution, put forward as the task of the revolution the establishment of a democratic republic by means of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the peasantry. | | | As to the Menshevik faction, it had, by that time, just ripened sufficiently to be able to assume, as I said before, the duties of bourgeois democracy. |
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http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/Trotsky/permanent/rppr.htm
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| | Aug 21 -- Ben Seattle -- L-I: Tolerating factions (reply to Mark) |
| | Between 1903 and 1912 there were essentially two separate and opposing parties within a larger party. | | | The Bolsheviks and Mensheviks represented different class and social forces which found reflection in competing political trends. | | | The experience of these years (ie: the contrasting stands of these two trends during the revolutionary upsurge leading to 1905 and the period of reaction which followed) allowed the workers in Russia to gain a relatively clear picture of, so to speak, who was what. |
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http://www.leninism.org/stream/98/li/0821-zbensea2.asp
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| | SecRev228 |
| | Bolsheviks was for Lenin and the Mensheviks was for e the opponents woh were aginst Lenin. | | | His ideas created the Bolsheviks and the mensheviks The Bolsheviks was from the Russian word meaning majority. |
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http://www.silcom.com/~benzoil/old/SecRev228.html
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| | REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA |
| | The slogan of the Menshevik leader, Alexander Kerensky. | | | The equivalent of the French Revolution's Reign of Terror, under Stalin's leadership, that resulted in the massive killing of Russians through the aid of the secret police and slave labor camps known as gulags. |
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http://www.historyteacher.net/EuroProjects/ExamReviewSheets/MatchingQuizzesForFinalReview-2001/MATCH-RussianRevolutions.htm
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