|
| |
| | IREX Uzbekistan - International Research & Exchanges Board in Uzbekistan |
 | | Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, November 25, 1996. | | | It is quite evident that by managing the farmlands in this way, kolkhoz chairmen inevitably run against the effective law. | | | Decree of the Cabinet of Ministry, No 317, 24 June, 1997. |
|
http://www.irex.uz/?id=publications&file=art11
(6041 words)
|
|
| |
| | SovLit.com - Chonkin by V.Voinovich |
| | She was always presiding at the Supreme Soviet, or addressing conventions, or meeting a delegation of English farmers. | | | She was whisked off to Moscow to report to a Congress of Kolkhozniks and to Comrade Stalin himself. | | | She joined the Party, got married, and quickly became one of the best milkmaids. |
|
http://www.sovlit.com/chonkin.html
(6987 words)
|
|
| |
| | Tony Cliff: Russia - A Marxist analysis (Chap.11-2) |
| | Thus, for instance, the Lokich Kolkhoz, Riazan oblast fixed the size of a privately owned plot at 0.15 hectares (instead of 0.25 to 0.59, as fixed by the Statutes). | | | In accordance with this view, the resolution adopted by the Congress stated: “The artel-kolkhoz form of production serves and is capable of serving for a long time to come the development of the productive forces in agriculture.&; [108] | | | Handbook on Questions of Kolkhoz Law, Russian, Moscow 1955, p.343. |
|
http://www.marxists.org/archive/cliff/works/1964/russia/ch11-s2.htm
(5855 words)
|
|
| |
| | Informatie |
| | The president of this kolkhoz was elected Covalciuc Profir Procopovici. | | | Manikovskii left for training the president became Ciobanu I. He worked from the year 1949 till fall of 1950. | | | After Odagiu the president was Jintita Fiodor Vasilievici and after him the president was Fornea Grigorii Tihinovici until the fall of the year 1953. |
|
http://www.ciutulesti.md/geoeconomie1_en.htm
(909 words)
|
|
| |
| | RS Eckert - Elwert (Uzbekistan): Chapter 4.2 |
| | In one case village members complained that the chairmen of the kolkhoz, his family and relatives as well as members of the kolkhoz administration had appropriated waste land unofficially. | | | First, they said, the members of the kolkhoz administration were related to them and one could not go to court against a relative. | | | Therefore he did not comply with role of a kolkhoz chairman according to the the expectations of the kolkhoz members and his bribery was heavily criticised. |
|
http://www.mekonginfo.org/mrc/html/eckert/eck4_2.htm
(1237 words)
|
|
| |
| | Witness to a Jewish Century |
| | The kolkhoz sent her to different congresses where she was a delegate. | | | Of course, we had to attend school, but we could work in the kolkhoz during vacations. | | | And I told about another man how he was concerned about his mother, and about his wife and children. |
|
http://www.centropa.org/archive.asp?mode=bio&DB=HIST&fn=Lev&ln=Mistetskiy&country=
(15210 words)
|
|
| |
| | Tony Cliff: Russia - A Marxist analysis (Chap.11-1) |
| | Another way of strengthening the role of the MTS was the appointment in September 1953, of a Party Secretary with a staff of Party Instructors for each MTS, and these were individually responsible for a specific kolkhoz. | | | Kolkhoz members are further discriminated against by not being covered by any of the state social insurance schemes. | | | The general meeting of the kolkhoz and sovkhoz members, having no legal power to reject the Plan, rubber-stamped it. |
|
http://www.marxists.org/archive/cliff/works/1964/russia/ch11-s1.htm
(6789 words)
|
|
| |
| | Collectivization |
| | In the south-western "black earth" region the figure dropped from 82 percent in March to 18 percent in May. | | | A decision was made by the 15th Congress of the Communist Party (December 1927) to undertake collectivization at a gradual pace, allowing the peasantry to join kolkhoz voluntarily. | | | But in November 1928 the Central Committee (and in April 1929 the 16th Party Conference) approved plans that increased the goals and called for 20 percent of the nation's farmland to be collectivized by 1933. |
|
http://www.faits-et-documents.com/bilan_communisme/collectivization.htm
(705 words)
|
|
| |
| | Problems in Implementing Soviet Agricultural Policy in the Estonian Countryside: The "encircling" and ... |
| | The Secretary of the county committee of Harjumaa in November 1948 reported about the kulak Reinte, which had joined the kolkhoz "Sangar" (Hero): | | | But he had to work well, to draw attention away from his family. | | | In Jõgeva for instance it took the party organization a whole year to have an alleged "kulak" expelled from the kolkhoz "Tasuja" (The Avenger) due to the stubborn resistance of the chairman, whom the secretary of the local party organization himself later characterized as "a young communist and combatant". |
|
http://home.nikocity.de/feest/nidden/04.html
(1077 words)
|
|
| |
| | Commentary Magazine - Khrushchev's "Flexible Communism" |
| | ...This development began even before the 20th Congress, as a result of the drive to increase the number and strength of party cells in the kolkhozes... | | | ...Three of these are concerned with state control of kolkhoz investment... | | | ...the part of kolkhoz revenue which, under statutory rules, must not be distributed among the members but reinvested, is to grow steadily... |
|
http://www.commentarymagazine.com/Summaries/V27I4P7-1.htm
(4296 words)
|
|
| |
| | Document 118 |
| | In a talk with me about the reasons that prompted Kharitonova to decide on such a thoughtless act, the latter stated to me: | | | The deputy editor, Comrade Zemliachenko, conveyed this to the secretary of the VKP(b) raion committee, Comrade Yerofeev, but no measures were taken until we uncovered this matter, investigated it and raised it with the VKP(b) raion committee and the RIK. | | | The matter of the chairman of Kaganovich Kolkhoz, Yazykov, and the head of the raion farming department, Prusakov, has been raised with the VKP(b) raion committee. |
|
http://www.yale.edu/annals/siegelbaum/English_docs/Siegelbaum_doc_118.htm
(1019 words)
|
|
| |
| | Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | (b) He obstructed the progress of the Stakhanovite movement in the kolkhoz by repressing Stakhanovites. | | | Mikhail Gorbachev, the son of an agricultural mechanic on a collective farm, was born in Privolnoye in the Soviet Union on 2nd March, 1931. | | | Gorbachev's grandfather, Pantelei Yefimovich Gopkalo, was a staunch member of the Communist Party (CPSU) and was chairman of the village kolkhoz. |
|
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/COLDgorbachev.htm
(3472 words)
|
|
| |
| | Herb Poppke - Book 2 |
| | The black & white cattle apparently were dual-purpose. | | | This consolidation was part of the Kolkhoz (Collective Farm) program. | | | Note that the Library of Congress maps confirm the existence of Rosa Luxemburg that had been mentioned by Nikolay. |
|
http://www.grhs.com/archive/poppke/poppke2.html
(7415 words)
|
|
| |
| | kolkhoz -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! |
| | Operational control was maintained by state authorities through the appointment of kolkhoz chairmen (nominally elected) and (until 1958) through political units in the machine-tractor stations (MTSs), which provided heavy equipment to kolkhozy in return for payments in kind of agricultural produce. | | | Conceived as a voluntary union of peasants, the kolkhoz became the dominant form of agricultural enterprise as the result of a state program of expropriation of private holdings embarked on in 1929. | | | All production, however, was done for the state. |
|
http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9045938
(675 words)
|
|
| |
| | Document 15 |
| | The chairman of the Kolkhoz Named for the Twelfth Party Congress in Tolochin Raion of Orsha Okrug, Pekarsky, a worker from Minsk and a VKP(b) member, drinks heavily all the time and passes his time in drunken quarrels with members of the kolkhoz. | | | To Comrades [N.I.]Yezhov [at that time a deputy member of the Narkomzem of the USSR.] and [T.A.]Yurkin [President of the Kolkhoz Center (Kolkhoztsentr)]: | | | Received by the Kolkhoz Center 27 September 1930. |
|
http://www.yale.edu/annals/siegelbaum/English_docs/Siegelbaum_doc_15.htm
(705 words)
|
|
| |
| | Sovkhoz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Initially, sovkhoz farms were the ones which were created by the state confiscating large estates, while kolkhozes were typically created by combining smaller farms together. | | | The distinction between sovkhoz and kolkhoz was not significant in practice most of the time. | | | A sovkhoz would be organized by the state with workers who would be paid regulated wages, while in a kolkhoz the system of payment was different. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovkhoz
(253 words)
|
|
| |
| | Remarks on Totalitarianism and Revisionism |
| | This is because she wrongly amalgamates the newly state-created kolkhoz to the age-old peasant institution of the mir. | | | On the ruins of the mir through which peasantry had ruled itself the Stalinist state established the kolkhoz, a new, initially rickety institution through which the totalitarian state now effectively, if not unlimitedly, re-imposed political/economic controls over the kolkhoznik. | | | The 'mice' were not free agents, acting self-interestedly, through the mir, to remove one of their own. |
|
http://www.h-net.org/~russia/threads/marot01.html
(3509 words)
|
|
| |
| | Kolkhoz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Nowadays, when most of kolkhozs are ruined, the term kolkhoznik in Russian language is used as an analogue for the American term redneck. | | | In a kolkhoz, a member, called "kolkhoznik" (колхозник, fem. | | | See collectivisation in the USSR and agriculture of the Soviet Union for general discussion of Soviet agriculture and its history and efficiency. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkhoz
(156 words)
|
|
| |
| | Commentary Magazine - The Polish Miracle |
| | ...In stating this, I do not mean to suggest that the kolkhoz belonged to the original Marxist-Leninist doctrine which inspired the Bolshevik revolutionaries... | | | ...And this movement away from the kolkhoz is still proceeding: last year 64 new collectives were established, but 231 were wound up... | | | ...but beyond that point the Czech peasantry is showing that the kolkhoz can be used, not to serve but to frustrate the demands of the government... |
|
http://www.commentarymagazine.com/Summaries/V35I3P32-1.htm
(5924 words)
|
|
| |
| | Zygmunt Frankel: SIBERIAN DIARY - Downtown School |
| | His condition had worsened while we were in the kolkhoz; he took to his bed, seemed to be recovering, and then a sudden haemorrhage ended his life. | | | He had been excused from the kolkhoz duty because of his bad leg, hump, and tuberculosis, and had promised to let me paint something with his oil colours when I came back. | | | There had been my grandfather from Ustrzyki Dolne and then old Paluchowski, but this was the first time a close friend of my own age had died, and life suddenly seemed less guarantied and secure, and, because of it, more precious and to be enjoyed. |
|
http://www.inch.com/~ari/zf529.html
(3472 words)
|
|
| |
| | SovLit.com - "Levers" by Aleksandr Yashin |
| | The zonal secretary of the raion Party committee has brought attention to the fact that the kolkhoz is deficient in its political-educational work. | | | A written report on the relevant facts has been made to the first secretary of the raion Party committee. | | | After Shchukin had been made storeroom keeper and his predecessor transferred to the village store, there were no longer any ordinary kolkhoz workers in the Party organization. |
|
http://www.sovlit.com/rasskazy/levers.html
(4171 words)
|
|
| |
| | Chechen Republic - Exile: How they were deported |
| | My memory of superiors is associated with two sergeants and the president of the kolkhoz. | | | No real kolkhoz had been established in Chechnya though members of Zagotzerno [grain production], of Zagoskot [livestock production], and even kolkhoz presidents were present in the auls. | | | After the liquidation of the Chechen-Ingush Republic, the newspaper "Groznenskaya Pravda" wrote that since the establishment of the Soviet government, the gangs of Chechnya-Ingushetia had killed nearly 20,000 Red Army troops and Party members. |
|
http://chechen.8m.com/history/exile.html
(3205 words)
|
|
| |
| | Zygmunt Frankel: SIBERIAN DIARY - The Kolkhoz |
| | Then vodka glasses were raised to Stalin, the Party, and the fatherland, and we fell on the food. | | | Her husband had been arrested a few years before, and she was worn out by raising the children while also working on the kolkhoz. | | | The braided white sewing thread, he said, was all right for most of the length, but near the hook an almost invisible white horse hair leader was needed. |
|
http://www.zygmuntfrankel.com/zf520.html
(7398 words)
|
|
| |
| | Remarks on Totalitarianism and Revisionism |
| | Here, though, is the crucial difference between zemstvo and kolkhoz, on the one hand, and mir on the other: The kolkhozniki did not run the kolkhoz, and the peasants did not run zemstva -- but the peasants did run the mir. | | | The kolkoz was indeed the mechanism through which the Stalinist state ripped off the peasants, just as the Tsarist state used the zemstva (and other organs) for the same purpose. | | | All governments in the capitalist world -- social democratic, liberal, conservative, socialist, labor -- have been and are systematically dismantling the welfare state in a mad scramble to make their respective nation states as investment-attractive as possible to international capital. |
|
http://www.h-net.org/~russia/threads/marot07.html
(1542 words)
|
|
| |
| | [No title] |
| | The thing Shukhov didn't get at all was what his wife wrote about how not a single new member had come to the kolkhoz after the war. | | | Half the holkhozniks had not come back after the war, and those who had wouldn't have anything to do with the kolkhoz - they lived there but earned their money somewhere outside.... | | | They didn't have any regular jobs and they helped in the kolkhoz for only a month in the year getting the hay in and harvesting. |
|
http://www.albany.edu/~hadsell/solzhenitsyn.txt
(708 words)
|
|
| |
| | RS Eckert - Elwert (Uzbekistan): Chapter 2.4.6 |
| | In practice they continued to work as employees on the kolkhoz. | | | They said they were still working as kolkhoz farmers, although there was not much work in the kolkhoz and many had lost their job. | | | They knew that no one had been granted land to found a Dehkhan. |
|
http://www.mekonginfo.org/mrc/html/eckert/eck2_4_6.htm
(371 words)
|
|
| |
| | CliffsNotes::One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich:Book Summary and Study Guide |
| | Most of the older men have not returned to the kolkhoz after the war, and the younger men prefer to work in the towns or in factories, and so the collective farm, administered by corrupt and incompetent officials, is left to women and old men. | | | Many of the men did not return to the kolkhoz after the war, and those who did return only “live” there; they earn their money somewhere else. | | | According to her letters, his former kolkhoz, the collective work farm of the Soviet agricultural system, is in total disarray. |
|
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/LitNote/id-135,pageNum-16.html
(696 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Arctic is a Homeland |
| | During Soviet rule, the traditional reindeer husbandry was reorganised into collective farms (kolkhoz) and later into state farms (sovkhoz). | | | the village of Krasnoschelie became a local agrocentre after the fusion with two other kolkhoz’ (Ponoy and Sosnovka) in 1962. | | | Created in 1921 in the village of Krasnoschelie, the Kolkhoz has progressively formed what will be later called ‘agrocentre’. |
|
http://www.thearctic.is/articles/cases/economicview
(1050 words)
|
|
| |
| | Gambold Miller, Liesl - Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology - Rural Culture, Post-Socialism, Social Change, ... |
| | In March of 1994, this former kolkhoz, "60 Years October," underwent a highly publicized land auction with then Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin in attendance along with administrative representatives from over thirty regions in Russia. | | | In the Nizhegorodskaia Oblast (Nizhnii Novgorod Province) privatisation efforts took hold earlier than in the rest of the former Soviet Union. | | | At the reform auction, the farm was legally reorganized under the direction of Ekaterina Nikolaevna Makaricheva, former accountant, economist and eventual sub-chairman of "60 Years October." Moshkinskoe received 1,477 hectares of land, four hundred cows, two hundred pigs and eight horses. |
|
http://www.eth.mpg.de/deutsch/mitarbeiter/gambold/c-project.html
(1363 words)
|
|
| |
| | cost of social security - Social Security |
| | All expenditure on social security and health services is financed by the State and some types of social security benefits for kolkhoz farmers are paid partially by the kolkhoz farms. | | | State Social Security Schemes (workers, employees and members of kolkhoz farms): |
|
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/socsec/publ/css/ukra89e.htm
(379 words)
|
|
| |
| | Untitled Document |
| | About 2.2 million ha are classified as state forests under the responsibility of State Forest Department and the remaining consists of former "Kolkhoz lands" part of which are now in the process of being transferred to the State Forest Department. | | | There is evidence that they are much younger and more intensively harvested than the state forests - for example, about 75% of the "Kolkhoz" areas have trees younger than 60 years. | | | Close to 70% of the volume is found on slopes of more than 250 and requires the construction of logging-roads as well as the use of winching or skyline systems. |
|
http://enrin.grida.no/biodiv/biodiv/national/georgia/State/forest.htm
(1296 words)
|
|
| |
| | AQUASTAT - FAO's Information System on Water and Agriculture |
| | In 1990, there were about 52 000 large farms in the Soviet Union, 45% of which were sovkhoz (state farms) and 55% kolkhoz (collective farms). | | | About half of them (25 000) were located in the Russian Federation. | | | Several forms of re-organization of the sovkhoz and kolkhoz can be distinguished, the choice of which depends on the country: |
|
http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/aglw/aquastat/regions/fussr/index3.stm
(877 words)
|
|
| |
| | Posters |
| | Zakhar Pichurgin, "Kolkhoz v rabote" (Collective farm at work), 1930 | | | Anonymous, "Krest'ianka, idi v kolkhoz!" (Peasant woman, join the collective farm!), 1930 | | | Vera Korableva, "Idi, tovarishch, k nam v kolkhoz!" (Come, comrade, join us in the collective farm!), 1930 |
|
http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~vbonnell/posters.htm
(463 words)
|
|
| |
| | Gentleman Farmer of Buryatia |
| | For years he worked at the kolkhoz as an agronomist, organizing the planting and harvesting and then returning home in the evenings to his house in the village. | | | he nearby "Banner of Lenin Collective Farm" (kolkhoz) has long been the main employer in the village, but adjacent to the kolkhoz's vast wheat fields, a young upstart is building a profitable private farm for himself and his family by selling meat, wheat and freshly-baked bread. | | | The upstart, Buyanto Tsydypov, is one of eight brothers and two sisters who grew up in this small village. |
|
http://www.f8.com/FP/Russia/R06c.html
(218 words)
|
|
| |
| | chapter 8 |
| | It was also dedushka who helped me and instructed me in how to tend the family plot (plots of land were given to anyone requesting it, because the Soviets were anxious to grow as much food as possible to alleviate the constant and serious shortage). | | | Well, that last threat had an immediate restraining effect, because "other ways" could also mean reporting him to the police, a fairly common practice in Soviet society. | | | Just the same, we had quite a shock and we were dazed for quite a while. |
|
http://migs.concordia.ca/memoirs/halpern/hal_ch8.html
(3168 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Christian Science Monitor csmonitor.com |
| | In the kolkhoz's main office, it's a matter of practicality, since the manager is Uzbek, his assistant Uighur, and the head accountant Korean. | | | The legacy of the multiethnic USSR has left now-independent Uzbekistan with an easygoing tolerance. | | | Few mixed marriages Although the inhabitants of the kolkhoz seem genuinely to disregard ethnic differences, there are few mixed marriages. |
|
http://www.csmonitor.com/cgi-bin/durableRedirect.pl?/durable/1998/11/06/fp7s1-csm.shtml
(862 words)
|
|
| |
| | Three |
| | 23 Viktoria Ulasevich, ed., Zhenshchina v kolkhoze (Moscow, 1930), 6. | | | Nikolai Mikhailov’s 1930 poster, “V nashem kolkhoze net mesta popam i kulakam” (There Is No Room in Our Collective Farm for Priests and Kulaks), encapsulates the new trends in political art (plate 3). | | | In some cases, they burned down the kolkhoz stables, barns, haystacks, and houses; in other cases, they confiscated seeds, blocked and destroyed tractors, and attacked local officials. |
|
http://sociology.berkeley.edu/public_sociology/Bonnell/bonnell_read.html
(10096 words)
|
|
| |
| | Zygmunt Frankel: SIBERIAN DIARY - Another Kolkhoz |
| | The kolkhoz specialised in sugar beet, and also had a processing plant with a refinery, turning out coarse, slightly damp, brown sugar. | | | We were told that our payment at the end of the month, in addition to so and so many rather worthless roubles, would be a couple of kilograms of sugar, a treasure on the black market if one decided to sell it. | | | On his first call he sent us back over the ground we had already covered because too many beets had been overlooked. |
|
http://www.zygmuntfrankel.com/zf527.html
(2634 words)
|
|
| |
| | Dear Sergo [Ordzhonikidze], I'm writing you from Novosibirsk. I have driven around several |
| | The regional [Party] workers firmly believe that the sovkhozes and the com-modity farms of the kolkhozes will be able to supply the nation already this year with the necessary production and express the idea that private ownership of livestock by the kolkhozniks should cease. | | | Approximately the same correlations were found also in the kolkhozes Ol'gino and Novo-Spasski. | | | If this situation continues, then in my opinion, next year the shortage of meat, leather, and fats will be greater than this year. |
|
http://www.skepticfiles.org/books/aa2feign.htm
(1667 words)
|
|
| |
| | Collectivisation |
| | 1939 99% of land collectivised; 90% peasants live on one of ¼ million kolkhoz; 4,000 state farms. | | | Stalin blamed, and declared war on, the Kulaks – their land was taken and they were shot/ sent to labour camps in Siberia/ whole villages surrounded and killed. | | | Stalin's 1929 order simply required farmers to pool their land and their equipment, and to work in future under the orders of the collective farm committee (which was under the control of the Communist Party). |
|
http://www.johndclare.net/Russ10.htm
(560 words)
|
|
| |
| | M. S. Gorham |
| | Young people don't have the money to replace the huge state and collective farms with family farms. | | | Auntie Valya says she worked for 20 years without a day off, caring for cows on the kolkhoz. | | | The kolkhoz hasn't had any money to buy machinery or even spare parts for 10 years. |
|
http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/mgorham/RUT2502_CourseHandout_Lally.html
(1558 words)
|
|
| |
| | Russian Archives Online > The Gallery > Soviet Propaganda p.3 |
| | Text: "Only the life in the kolkhoz (collective farm) made work an honorable thing. | | | Only the kolkhoz could give birth to real women revolutionaries. | | | Only the co-operative life could destroy inequalities and put women back on their feet. |
|
http://www.pbs.org/redfiles/rao/gallery/posters/prop3.html
(105 words)
|
|
| |
| | lifestyles |
| | Is an 8’ documentary, which ironically quotes the title a famous Romero’s movie, produced by the students in the workshop Lifestyles, during which they were invited to research about everyday practises in the actual local kolkhoz. | | | Students were asked to research about what people think the kolkhoz should become in order to satisfy their needs and to reach their priorities since they are the ones that will run this heritage to the next coming future. | | | With the collapse of communism and the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1990-991 kolkhozy began to be privatized and since than an intense debate about the destiny that this historical heritage should take started, debate that sees positions such as demolition, abandon, or conservation - renovation of the physical and historical heritage. |
|
http://www.netsafir.com/~marcus.lerviks/lifestyles/lifestyles.html
(354 words)
|
|
| |
| | New difficulties, new tasks |
| | The radicalism of poor peasants may lead to an underestimation of the alliance with the middle peasants. | | | `(T)he Central Committee plenum warns against underestimating the difficulties of kolkhoz construction and in particular against a formal and bureaucratic approach to it and to the evaluation of its results'. | | | The Central Committee decided upon the immediate startup of the construction of two new tractor factories with a capacity of 50,000 units each and of two new combine factories, the expansion of factories making complex agricultural equipment and of chemical factories, and the development of Machine Tractor Stations. |
|
http://www.plp.org/books/Stalin/node45.html
(161 words)
|
|
| |
| | collective farm on Encyclopedia.com |
| | The state would decide how much of what crops were to be produced, how much would be paid to the peasants for their work, and how much would go to the state at what price. | | | In the Soviet Union a policy of gradual and voluntary collectivization of agriculture was adopted in 1927 to encourage food production while freeing labor and capital for industrial development. | | | In 1929, with only 4% of farms in collectives, Stalin ordered the confiscation of peasants' land, tools, and animals; the kolkhoz [Rus.,=collective farm] replaced the family farm. |
|
http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/section/collecti-f_IntheSovietUnion.asp
(1356 words)
|
|
| |
| | Nagibin, Yu.M. - SovLit.com - Encyclopedia of Soviet Authors |
| | The anthology, compiled during the Thaw period, contained several works critical of Stalin-era-type abuses, including Aleksandr Yasin's tale Rychagi ("Levers"), an explosive portrayal of kolkhoz leaders who are turned into mere "levers" of the Party, mired in a life of lies and falsehood. | | | This story was published in late 1956 in an anthology entitled Literaturnaya Moskva--II. |
|
http://www.sovlit.com/bios/nagibin.html
(1830 words)
|
|
| |
| | Search Results for "Kolkhoz" |
| | ...by pooling individual peasant farms in large concerns, such as the collective farms (kolkhoz) and the state farms (sovkhoz). | | | ...in collectives, Stalin ordered the confiscation of peasants' land, tools, and animals; the kolkhoz [Rus.,=collective farm] replaced the family farm. | | | Search for books related to your query at Amazon.com: |
|
http://www.bartleby.com/cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Kolkhoz
(113 words)
|
|
|
