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Topic: Khrushchev Secret Speech

Ads by Google Related Topics Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev Sergei Khrushchev      MSN Encarta - Nikita Khrushchev Khrushchev is best known for his criticism of his predecessor, Joseph Stalin, and for his efforts to promote peaceful coexistence with non-Communist states. Khrushchev broke with precedent and undertook diplomatic trips abroad and high-level meetings with Western leaders. In March 1958 Khrushchev removed Bulganin from his position as prime minister and took over the position himself. http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761574624/Nikita_Khrushchev.html      AllRefer.com - Russia - The Khrushchev Era - Collective Leadership and the Rise of Khrushchev Russian Information ... Khrushchev became prime minister in March 1958 when Bulganin resigned, thus formally confirming his predominant position in the state as well as in the party. Khrushchev intensified his campaign against Stalin at the Twenty-Second Party Congress in 1961, winning approval to remove Stalin's body from the Lenin Mausoleum, where it had originally been interred. Malenkov found a formidable rival in Khrushchev, whom the Presidium elected first secretary (Stalin's title of general secretary was abolished after his death) in September 195 3. http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/russia/russia43.html      Krushchev's Decline and Fall Khrushchev's de-Stalinization line and his personal ascendancy, however, were still not completely secure; for example, not one of those denounced as criminals during the Congress was thereafter brought to trial for his alleged crimes. The Chinese were enraged when Khrushchev, after test visits by Mikoyan and then Kozlov, visited President Eisenhower, and became the first head of any Russian government to set foot in the United States. Khrushchev had tried to follow up Chinese submission at the XXI Congress with action. http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/russia/lectures/44fallkhrush.html      Nikita Khrushchev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia September 29, 1960, Khrushchev twice interrupted a speech by British prime minister Harold Macmillan by shouting out and pounding his desk. Ukraine, where Khrushchev was the local party leader. He repeatedly disrupted a United Nations conference in September-October 1960 by pounding his fists on the table and shouting in Russian during speeches. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev      Khrushchev's Secret Speech at the 20th Congress of the CPSU [Khrushchev then deals with the “affair of the doctor-plotters”] Present at this Congress as a delegate is the former Minister of State Security, Comrade Ignatiev. As facts prove, Stalin, using his unlimited power, allowed himself many abuses, acting in the name of the Central Committee, not asking for the opinion of the Committee members nor even the members of the Politburo, or even inform them... had Stalin remained at the helm for another few months, Comrades Molotov and Mikoyan would probably not have delivered any speeches at this Congress. http://www.trussel.com/hf/1956nk.htm      Modern History Sourcebook: Nikita S. Khrushchev: The Secret Speech - On the Cult of Personality, 1956 Comrades, in the report of the Central Committee of the party at the 20th Congress, in a number of speeches by delegates to the Congress, as also formerly during the plenary CC/CPSU sessions, quite a lot has been said about the cult of the individual and about its harmful consequences. Let us consider the first Central Committee plenum after the 19th party congress when Stalin, in his talk at the plenum, characterized Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov and Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan and suggested that these old workers of our party were guilty of some baseless charges. It is not excluded that had Stalin remained at the helm for another several months, Comrades Molotov and Mikoyan would probably have not delivered any speeches at this congress. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1956khrushchev-secret1.html      Best of Russia --- Famous Russians --- Politicians But while Khrushchev was enjoying his successes, his mistakes were catching up with him. But on the last day, after the routine work was finished, Khrushchev suddenly convened an extraordinary session that no foreigners were allowed to attend. The Politburo voted to expel him a second time in October 1964, and this time the Central Committee voted against him too. http://www.bestofrussia.ca/politicians4.html      Nikita Khrushchev 1955, Khrushchev consolidated power when Malenkov (because of participation in the "Leningrad Case") resigned as Chairman of the Council of Ministers. During the early 1930s Khrushchev consolidated his hold on the Moscow party and emerged on the national scene. Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, (5 [17] April 1894-11 September 1971), a self-made man who had entered the Politburo in 1939, soon emerged as the leading figure. http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/his135/Events/khrushchev71.htm      Glossary of People: Kh In his speech Khrushchev spoke of the murder of political opponents, criminal misleadership in the War and systematic rewriting of history. Worked his way up the Party, and was appointed Prime Minister of the Ukraine when it occupied was by the Red Army. Khrushchev achieved the position of head of state in March 1958, holding that post until he was removed in 1964, and died while in retirement in 1971. http://www.marxists.org/glossary/people/k/h.htm      Speech Lessons - What Khrushchev's famous "secret speech" can tell us about regime change. By Anne Applebaum Khrushchev's daughter told Taubman that her father "was a man who had ridden to the top on a Stalinist wave"—and this is clear from the speech and his actions afterward. Stalin had, in fact, been Khrushchev's mentor and had overseen his extraordinary rise from provincial commissar to Soviet leader. He had trouble "de-Stalinizing" his country because he himself had been an admirer of Stalin—as had millions of his countrymen. http://slate.msn.com/id/2080901/      Khrushchev's Speech on Berlin, 1961 Khrushchev presumes that Western leaders continue to act on that conviction.] “Macmillan could not have lost his mind since then. [Khrushchev praised Ulbricht for “heroic work since 1945” and approved his collectivization campaign. On 3-5 August 1961 an extraordinary meeting of the Warsaw Pact leaders took place in Moscow. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/khrush.htm      CNN Cold War - Document: Khrushchev's secret speech On February 25, 1956, Khrushchev addressed the 20th Party Congress of the U.S.S.R. In his lengthy speech, Khrushchev extensively discusses the paranoia and brutality of Stalin's reign. Stalin showed in a whole series of cases his intolerance, his brutality and his abuse of power. He often chose the path of repression and annihilation... http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/07/documents/khrushchev      KHRUSHCHEV VS. MAO: A PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY IN THE SINO-SOVIET SPLIT KHRUSHCHEV VS. MAO: A PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF THE ROLE OF by William Taubman Under such circumstances there were bound to be failures, but with them came increased doubts about his own capacities, thus aggravating a moodiness, impulsiveness, and hyper-sensitivity to slight that had been there all along but were usually covered by gregariousness and extraversion. But I am the First Secretary of the CPSU, and you are offending me.” “You are the General Secretary, all right,” Chen responded. http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/CWIHP/BULLETINS/b8-9a23.htm      Biography: Nikita Khrushchev After Stalin's death in 1953, Khrushchev became the Party's First Secretary in the collective leadership that emerged after it had eliminated Lavrenti Beria and his faction. He spent the rest of his life in peaceful retirement, and was the only Soviet leader not to be buried in the Kremlin wall after his death. Khrushchev never regained his prestige after the incident, and was quietly ousted two years later by opponents in the Politburo--significantly, with no bloodshed. http://www.pbs.org/redfiles/bios/all_bio_nikita_khrushchev.htm      After Stalin: Segment Summaries and Discussion Questions How does Khrushchev's son, Sergei, describe his father's decision to use force in Hungary? In the Kremlin, Nikita Khrushchev emerges as the supreme leader. In a 1956 secret speech to the 20th Party Congress, Khrushchev exposes the cruelties of Stalin's dictatorship. http://www.cnn-sb.com/cnn/coldwar/afterstalin/aftr_dis.html      THE ENFORCED RESETTLEMENTS This may well be true, but the decisions on resettlement were undoubtedly collective and not individual decisions. For a published decree of the Presidiuum of the USSR Supreme Soviet of August 1941 lays down: said in a speech to the Supreme Soviet in February 1957: http://harikumar.brinkster.net/AllianceIssues/All42-Settlements.html      Nikita Khrushchev Upon Stalin's death, Khrushchev became the First Secretary of the Party. At the 20th Party Congress he delivered a secret speech denouncing Stalin. Khrushchev on Khrushchev : An Inside Account of the Man and His Era, 1990. http://www.multied.com/bio/people/Khrushchev.html      AII POW-MIA - Sino-Soviet Relations Khrushchev notes that he “greatly respected Gromyko as foreign minister both during this time and afterwards” (p. At the time, the Chinese authorities warmly praised Khrushchev’s statement, describing it as “a lofty expression of our fraternal relations.” See “Sotsialisticheskii lager v sovremennoi mezhdunarodnoi obstanovke,” Pravda (Moscow), 10 November 1958, 3. This is a paraphrase of what Mao said in a speech at the 64-party conference on 18 November 1957, the only time he is known to have offered direct support for Khrushchev against the Anti-Party Group. http://www.aiipowmia.com/koreacw/twncrisisnotes.html      March 16, 2003 Following the tyrant's death in 1953, he first disposed of the universally feared Beria (who was arrested and shot as a ''spy'') before proceeding gradually to outmaneuver Malenkov and another top rival, Stalin's foreign minister, Vyacheslav Molotov. Indeed, Gorbachev acknowledged his debt to Khrushchev after he became general secretary in 1985 by scheduling the first party congress over which he presided to coincide, 30 years to the day, with Khrushchev's secret speech. Khrushchev was one of the three Soviet leaders closest to an increasingly insane and paranoid Stalin during the post-World War II years (the two others were the secret police chief Lavrenty Beria and Deputy Prime Minister Georgy Malenkov). http://www.trad.it/Khrushchev.htm      Nikita Khrushchev, 1894-1971 What follows is a brief extract from Khrushchev's report to the Party Congress of the Communist Party in 1961. Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was born at Kalinkova near Kursk. Following the death of Stalin in March 1953, Khrushchev became First Secretary of the All Union Party and, three years later, at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party, denounced Stalinism and the "cult of personality.". http://www.historyguide.org/europe/khrushchev.html      BBC ON THIS DAY 25 1956: Khrushchev lashes out at Stalin Delegates arrive and attend the 20th Party Congress to listen to Khrushchev's speech (in Russian) Mr Khrushchev's "secret speech" was not made public until 18 March 1956 and then only in Belgrade and Washington. In the wake of the denouncement, Mr Khrushchev's pictures were torn down in Georgia, Stalin's home state. http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/25/newsid_2703000/2703581.stm      Glossary of Events: Tw In Australia, for example, the CPA response was “Don’t fall for press stories of attacks on the late J V Stalin at the 20th Congress” ( Guardian, 23 February 1956). Khrushchev’s denunciation of Stalin in his secret speech had profound consequences on the international movement of which Stalin had been the absolute leader for thirty years. Nikita Khrushchev was appointed First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party in September 1953, six months after Stalin ’s death. http://www.marxists.org/glossary/events/t/w.htm      IMRE NAGY, aka “VOLODYA”— A DENT IN THE MARTYRÂ’S HALO? Having served briefly as HungaryÂ’s prime minister (July 1953-March 1955), Imre Nagy had become famous for his censure of the pace of collectivization, his expertise in agrarian reform, and advocacy of greater producton of consumer goods. As two of his countrymen, Miklos Molnar and Laszlo Nagy, put it: “If his life was a question mark, his death was an answer.”16 1. StalinÂ’s death in March 1953, of course, was the beginning of “de- Stalinization.” KhrushchevÂ’s February 1956 Secret Speech to the 20th CPSU Congress was, in a sense, the beginning of the end of that process. http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/CWIHP/BULLETINS/b5a5.htm      Krushchev, "Secret Speech," 1956 Khrushchev became the leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin's death in 1953. Speech to Closed Session of the Communist Party Congress The speech excerpted below is one he gave to the Communist Party Congress in 1956 in a session closed to the public (hence the name "Secret Speech"). http://history.hanover.edu/courses/excerpts/111krushchev.html      KHRUSHCHEV: Secret Speech Khrushchev's Secret Speech at the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU February 24-25 1956 Later, however, Stalin, abusing his power more and more, began to fight eminent party leaders and to use terroristic methods against honest Soviet people. http://www.stetson.edu/artsci/russian/khrushchevsecretspeech.html      Russian Khrushchev remembers, Nikita Khrushchev shoe, Khrushchev secret speech, Nikita s Khrushchev, Khrushchev ... Khrushchev's meetings with President Eisenhower in 1955 and President John F. Kennedy in 1961 and his tour of the United States in 1959 demonstrated the Soviet leader's desire for fundamentally smooth relations between the West and the Soviet Union and its allies. Khrushchev initially contradicted this position, saying capitalism alone would be destroyed in a nuclear war, but he adopted Malenkov's view after securing his domestic political position. Meeting President Dwight D. Eisenhower in Geneva later that year, Khrushchev confirmed a Soviet commitment to "peaceful coexistence" with capitalism. http://www.russiansabroad.com/russian_history_75.html      Lecture 16: 1989 -- The Walls Came Tumbling Down And in his speech at the 20th Party Congress in February 1956, Khrushchev denounced Stalin and the crimes Stalin had committed against his own people. Ethnic groups who had been resettled under Stalin were gradually allowed to return to their homeland. Of course, such efforts on his part also managed to alienate and antagonize a great many party officials. http://www.historyguide.org/europe/lecture16.html      The Murder of S.M. Kirov Khrushchev refused to have the findings published since they didn't serve his purpose. It was the same Pospelov who drafted the 'Secret Speech' of Khrushchev at the Twentieth Congress. Right from the beginning of the case of the murder of Kirov in 1934 Stalin who was associated with the case from the start, frankly charged the Trotskyites and Zinovievites as terrorist groups. http://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org/rdv2n1/kirov.htm      Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich --  Encyclopædia Britannica A more general background on Khrushchev and his milieu is given in Milovan Djilas, Conversations with Stalin, trans. by William Taubman (1990), written by his son; and Roy Medvedev, Khrushchev, trans. As first secretary, Khrushchev was not only the most powerful man in the Soviet Union but also leader of the world Communist movement. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=46408&tocid=3906      Khrushchev's "Secret Speech," 1956 Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971), First Secretary of the Communist Party (1953-1964) and Premier of the Soviet Union (1958-1964) delivered the following speech to an unofficial, closed session of the Twentieth Party Congress on February 25, 1956. While he was careful to protect the spirit of Lenin, Khrushchev attacked the crimes committed by Stalin and his closest associates. Although the contents of the speech were held confidential, it was soon leaked to outsiders. http://www.historyguide.org/europe/khrush_speech.html      "Khrushchev's Secret Speech -- Full Annotated Text" In the Party Central Committee's report at the 20th Congress and in a number of speeches by delegates to the Congress, as also formerly during Plenary CC/CPSU [Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union] sessions, quite a lot has been said about the cult of the individual and about its harmful consequences. Khrushchev's speech is full of references to people and events that should/would have been fully understandable to his intended audience. On one occasion after the war, during a meeting [between] Stalin [and] members of the Politbiuro, http://www.uwm.edu/Course/448-343/index12.html      New Left - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The New Left opposed the prevailing authority structures in society, which it termed "The Establishment," and those who rejected this authority became known as "anti-Establishment." Loosely associated with the New Left was the Berkeley Free Speech Movement which began in 1964 as a coalition of student groups at the Port Huron Statement, which issued a call for "participatory democracy" based on non-violent civil disobedience. As a result of Khrushchev 's secret speech denouncing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Left      The Software Studio : /Society/History/By_Region/Europe/Russia/Soviet_Union/Personalities/Khrushchev,_Nikita This speech marked the beginning of the "destalinization" process. Khrushchev's Secret Speech at the 20th Congress of the CPSU - Khrushchev's famous 1956 speech exposing Stalin's crimes. Eisenhower and Khrushchev - Notes on relations between the US and Khrushchev during the Eisenhower presidency. http://portal.thesoftwarestudio.com/Society/History/By_Region/Europe/Russia/Soviet_Union/Personalities/Khrushchev,_Nikita      The Crisis and Cuban-Soviet Relations: Fidel CastroÂ’s Secret 1968 Speech In the 1970s he became a Vice President of Cuba and a member of the Political Bureau of the Cuban Communist Party. The meeting began on January 23, and was presided over by Raoul Castro, the Minister of the Armed Forces and the partyÂ’s second secretary. Cuba learned about the Soviet decision at the same moment the United States did, by hearing KhrushchevÂ’s announcement on Radio Moscow on the morning of October 28. http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/CWIHP/BULLETINS/b5a9.htm      CHNN, No 9, Autumn 2000: Responses and Comments According to Service, foreign communist party leaders attending as observers at the CPSU 20th Congress were apparently given transcripts of the speech as they departed home. This seems fairly compelling evidence that the Danish Party leadership did not receive a copy of the speech during or immediately after 20th Congress at the end of February 1956 or even before the Reuter telegram of 16 March 1956 which first revealed the fact of the speech's existence to the world at large. It was at the DKP's Central Committee meeting of 21-22 April 1956 that a split in the top leadership first materialised when Aksel Larsen gave his own 'personal' highly critical report on the 20th Congress and thus broke with the principle that the political bureau always spoke with 'a single voice'. http://les.man.ac.uk/chnn/CHNN09HTR.html      Khrushchev's Un-Secret Speech On Feb.24 and 25, 1956, the CPSU Congress held a secret session from which even the representatives of fraternal Communist Parties were barred. K, just before this in his secret speech, had sworn that Stalin had liquidated Ordzdonikidze by forcing him to shoot himself. For some time the stench has been great. http://www.mltranslations.org/US/TP/tp2.htm      On Leaving the Communist Party - Howard Fast THE "secret" Khrushchev speech, admitting and detailing to the Soviets' Twentieth Party Congress the terrors of Stalin's rule, was published in The New York Times on June 5, 1956. Now, in retrospect, I can say that if a Party convention had been held then, in June 1956, the Party would have been liquidated. Within twenty-four hours after The New York Times had published the full text of the "secret" speech, we on the Daily Worker had made our decision to print it - incidentally, so far as I know, the only Communist paper in the whole world to do so. http://www.trussel.com/hf/onleave.htm      Anne Applebaum -- After the Gulag Within days of the dictator's death, his colleagues began reversing his decisions, freeing prisoners, even denouncing (to one another, at first) the "falsification" of cases against political prisoners and the use of torture. Khrushchev's half-apology also meant that those returning from five, ten, or twenty years in the camps faced a very odd homecoming. By 1956, the Party elite had been supplied with reports containing, among other things, numbers of people who had been arrested by "extra-judicial" secret police tribunals (over three million), a number which doesn't include those arrested and sentenced by other means. http://www.anneapplebaum.com/communism/2002/10_24_nyrb_gulag.html      Fallen Idol: A review of 'Mao: A Reinterpretation' by Lee Feigon Its governments at all levels, including even the central government, will all be chosen in universal, equal, and secret elections, and will be responsible to their electors. Mao did better: accounts suggest that his first meeting with the Marshal he was no more than speechless. It will carry out Mr Sun Yatsen's Three People's Principles, Lincoln's principle of "of the people, by the people, and for the people," as well as Roosevelt's Atlantic Charter. http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1308889/posts      New Page 1 Khrushchev Denounces Stalinism in a Secret Speech, February 25, 1956 United States Policy with Respect to Vietnam, Address by the Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs, Walter S. Robertson, June 1, 1956 President Eisenhower's "Chance for Peace" Speech, April 16, 1953 http://astro.temple.edu/~rimmerma/week9_doc.htm      Totalitarian Philosophy Links Excerpt from Heidegger's May 1, 1933 Speech as Rector of Freiburg University (This was the equivalent of Khrushchev's condemnation of Stalin in 1956 although less severe) Khrushchev's Secret Speech on Crimes of Stalinism February 25, 1956 http://www.worldfuturefund.org/wffmaster/Reading/Total/totallinks.htm      Khrushchev Khrushchev secret speech at 20th Congress Feb. 1956 Party Secretary Gomulka sought independent Poland Oct. 1956 Beschloss, Michael R. MAYDAY: Eisenhower, Khrushchev and the U-2 Affair. http://history.acusd.edu/gen/20th/cold/kit16.html      Essays on European History by Steve O'Brien (Book) in Books > Humanities > History & Geography > By Region or Nation > ... This is a collection of my undergraduate and graduate essays, book reviews and oral reports. Topics include: Papal-State Relations in Medieval Europe; Council of Trent; Peter the Great's Tour of the West in 1697-8; Thirty Years' War; 1940 Winter War (Finland-Soviet Union); Soviet Nationalities; Nikita Khrushchev's Secret Speech of 1956 and the invasion of Hungary Topics include: Papal-State Relations in Medieval Europe; Council of Trent; Peter the Great's Tour of the West in 1697-8; Thirty Years' War; 1940 Winter War (Finland-Soviet Union); Soviet Nationalities; Nikita Khrushchev's Secret Speech of 1956 and the invasion of Hungary"> http://www.lulu.com/content/59847      Power plays - The Washington Times: Editorials/OP-ED - September 01, 2004 Gorbachev tells us in his autobiography that his disillusionment with the regime started in November 1956 with Nikita Khrushchev's "secret speech" that revealed the horrors of Stalinism, something the future leader and his friends at first found difficult to believe. We tend to forget that Mikhail Gorbachev was (and probably still is) a dedicated Communist. http://www.washtimes.com/op-ed/20040831-094212-8305r.htm      New Left , the free encyclopedia As a result of Khrushchev's secret speech denouncing Stalin and the Soviet invasion of Hungary in 1956 the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) ruptured. http://www.americaneducationissues.com/guide/article.New_Left.htm      Howard Fast texts online [Brooklyn and City Follow Columbia Lead as Portests Over Free Speech Rise]. Reds Renounced by Howard Fast ; Writer Traces Party Break to Khrushchev Speech. [Fast's last Daily Worker column, reacting to the "secret" Khrushchev speech]. http://www.trussel.com/hf/textndx.htm      speeches.com - All You Need For A Speech. speeches.com - All You Need For A Speech. Build your own unique speech in a few quick, easy steps. http://speeches.com/index.aspx      Lorenz M. Lüthi “Les relations sino-soviétique et lÂ’effondrement de lÂ’unité socialiste: Du rapport secret à la conférence de Moscou, février 1956-novembre 1957 ” [“Sino-Soviet Relations and the Collapse of Socialist Unity: From KhrushchevÂ’s Secret Speech to the Moscow Meeting, February 1956-November 1957.”] In Communisme 74/75 (2003): 101-129. “From KhrushchevÂ’s Secret Speech to the Moscow Meeting: Sino-Soviet Relations and the Collapse of Socialist Unity, February 1 9 56 — November 1957,” in Communisme (forthcoming) http://www.arts.mcgill.ca/programs/history/faculty/luthi.htm      CHNN, No 10, Spring 2001: Responses and Comments In contrast a visit by British party leaders, Pollitt, Gollan and Ramelson, to Moscow the following month to hold discussions with Khrushchev and other Soviet leaders was, from the first, openly held and reported, eg. Eventually, in June, Aksel Larsen secretly journeyed to Moscow via a circuitous route, however, the trip was uncovered because the Soviet authorities sent him back on a direct flight to Copenhagen. Larsen is reported as saying that the CPSU should have beforehand informed leaders of the communist parties in the capitalist countries of the 'criticism of Stalin', ie. http://les.man.ac.uk/chnn/CHNN10SSP.html      PSCI 304: EAST EUROPEAN POLITICAL SYSTEMS Khrushchev's "Secret Speech" and its implication for Eastern Europe. BosniaLink containsoperations,maps, fact sheets, news releases, biographies of key commanders and leaders, and transcripts of briefings, speeches and testimony. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) : maintains an immense archieve of studies, press releases, articles, speeches, and other material produced by NATO, the Partnership for Peace, the Organanization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the West European Union. http://nss.csusb.edu/pages/304syl.html

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