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Topic: July Monarchy

  
 French Revolution - QuickSeek Encyclopedia
On July 11 1789, King Louis, acting under the influence of the conservative nobles of his privy council, as well as his wife, Marie Antoinette, and brother, the Comte d'Artois, banished the reformist minister Necker and completely reconstructed the ministry.
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy, passed on July 12, 1790 (although not signed by the king until December 26, 1790), turned the remaining clergy into employees of the State and required that they take an oath of loyalty to the constitution.
During this time, republicanism replaced the absolute monarchy in France, and the French sector of the Roman Catholic Church was forced to undergo radical restructuring.
http://frenchrevolution.quickseek.com   (5064 words)

  
 Search Results for "July"
...1965, July 15 Forced resignation of Premier Papandreou, believed by the court to be planning to take over the Ministry of Defense and purge the army of conservative...
...1943, July 5 The Japanese government announced that it had approved the cession of six Malayan states to Thailand.
1 July 25 Mussolini resigned and was placed under arrest.
http://www.bartleby.com/cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=July   (292 words)

  
 JO BURR MARGADANT Gender, Vice, and the Political Imaginary in Postrevolutionary France: Reinterpreting the Failure of ...
Gender, Vice, and the Political Imaginary in Postrevolutionary France: Reinterpreting the Failure of the July Monarchy, 1830–1848
This private fortune, together with several chateaus from his father's princely appanage, which Louis XVIII had restored to him and the legislature eventually confirmed, made the duc d'Orléans by 1830 the richest man in France.
In tacit recognition that the family of a constitutional monarch chosen by the people had an existence apart from the throne, neither supporters of the new monarchy or republicans publicly questioned his right to a private fortune.
http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/ahr/104.5/ah001461.html   (10669 words)

  
 FRANCE -- AP European History
In the July Revolution of 1830, Louis Philippe was made lieutenant general of the realm and, with the support of the marquis de Lafayette, was chosen “king of the French.” His reign, known as the July Monarchy, marked the triumph of the wealthy bourgeoisie and a return to influence of many former Napoleonic officials.
>In the July Revolution of 1830, Louis Philippe was >made lieutenant general of the realm and, with the >support of the marquis de Lafayette, was chosen “king >of the French.” His reign, known as the July Monarchy, >marked the triumph of the wealthy bourgeoisie and a >return to influence of many former Napoleonic >officials.
4) Francois Guizot- As an opposition deputy he was involved in the July Revolution of 1830 and became one of the leading intellectual exponents of the bourgeois July Monarchy of Louis Philippe.
http://www.voy.com/48246/61.html   (4299 words)

  
 H-France Reviews
Somewhat marginalised before 1830, republicanism was revitalized during the July Monarchy and became the expression of working-class revolt and aspirations.
The ensuing fighting on the barricades of the Eglise Saint-Méry was to inspire Victor Hugo in his description of the barricade on the rue de la Chanvrerie.
But, states Harsin, this defeat served as a catalyst for the conversion of republicans from the moderate to the montagnard variety.
http://www.h-france.net/vol3reviews/simoni.html   (3780 words)

  
 H-France Reviews
Finally, in 1830 the republican left believed that revolution in France could lead to war between France and the European monarchies, whereas the republican party, decimated at the end of the regime, hoped for the reverse.
By the time of the 1848 revolution, the republican left had become more conciliatory because republicans were now in power and they did not wish to overturn the regime.
This declaration, as Darriulat illustrates, represented a profound break with the revolutionary past and would serve as a model for the republican left later in the century.
http://www.h-france.net/vol2reviews/datta.html   (1422 words)

  
 History of FRANCE
Eventually in desperation, on 26 July 1830, he dissolves the elected chamber, severely restricts the freedom of the press, and announces a new electorate limited to 25,000 grandees.
The matter might have rested there, but for a diplomatic blunder on the French side.
Public opinion in France, already inflamed, now explodes.
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=1062&HistoryID=ab03   (2755 words)

  
 Marie-Joseph-Louis-Adolphe Thiers (1797-1877)
Under the July Monarchy, he served in the cabinet and as prime minister and occupied the center of the French political spectrum.
Although one of the founders of the regime, Thiers helped undermine the July Monarchy by supporting the repressive September laws as minister of the interior in 1835, by voicing opposition to Guizot's tepid foreign policy and by the inflexibility of his domestic policy in the 1840s.
Even though he sought to create a new center-left majority in conjunction with Barrot's dynastic left to promote parliamentary reform, he opposed electoral reform and disapproved of the banquet campaign, often organized by republicans, as a threat to the monarchy and the
http://www.cats.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/rz/thiers.htm   (821 words)

  
 July Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This period became known as the July Monarchy.
The revolt of 1830 created a constitutional monarchy.
The qualification for electors was lowered from 300 to 200 francs, and that for eligibility to 500 francs, and the age to 25 and 30 instead of 30 and 40; finally, Catholicism lost its privileged position as the state religion.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Revolution   (1217 words)

  
 Honore Daumier Exhibition, Masterworks Fine Art
Although the working class favored a republican form of government, the Marquis de Lafayette threw his influence behind a limited monarchy, and the new legislature then instituted a constitutional monarchy.
Throughout this time France was torn between various rival factions: Royalists (who supported the old monarchy), Orléanists (who backed the new monarchy), republicans, and Bonapartists.
Two days later, the Republicans in Paris staged a bloodless revolution and proclaimed the establishment of the Third Republic, definitively marking the end of centuries of monarchy.
http://www.masterworksfineart.com/inventory/daumier.htm   (1289 words)

  
 Modern History Sourcebook: François Guizot: Condition of the July Monarchy, 1830-1848
It is on us, on the Revolution of July, that this job has been imposed; it is our duty and responsibility to establish definitively, not order alone, not liberty alone, but order and liberty at the same time.
The general thought, the hope of France, has been order and liberty reuniting under the constitutional monarchy.
Guizot was a French academic politician, who served Louis Philippe as minister of public instruction (1832-37).
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1848guizot.html   (606 words)

  
 Handbook of Texas Online: CABET, ETIENNE
As a reward for his participation in the revolution of 1830, he served briefly as attorney general for Corsica and as a representative in the chamber of deputies.
He received his law degree in May 1812 and moved to Paris four years later to work for Félix Nicod, a wealthy and influential lawyer with links to the opposition to the restored Bourbon monarchy.
The increasingly revolutionary tone of this paper led to his going to England in 1834 to avoid a prison sentence.
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/CC/fca5.html   (793 words)

  
 Houghton Mifflin Textbook - Web Exercises
The new "July Monarchy" of Louis Philippe introduced reforms that benefited many who had been disenfranchised by the reactionary regime of Charles X. One of the most prominent figures in Louis Philippe's government was Franandccedil;ois Guizot (1787-1874), a member of an elite bourgeois family who served as a top cabinet minister.
What principles guided the supporters of the July Revolution and those who then assumed top positions in Louis Philippe's government?
How does this constitution embody the principles of the leaders of the July Revolution?
http://college.hmco.com/history/west/perry/western_civilization/7e/students/exercises/ch23.html   (434 words)

  
 Table of Contents for DeVoto's "Mark Twain in Eruption"
Asserts that the United States has become a monarchy with succession contained within the Republican party.
Claims that he will vote for Taft in the presidential election; describes American politics in terms of a Roman monarchy.
Compares America to Rome; bewails the buying of votes with veterans' pensions and Executive Order 78, but admits being afraid to confront the American public directly.
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/etd/theses/ArtsSci/English/1998/Waller/devoto.htm   (1914 words)

  
 1849-50: The Class Struggles in France, 1848-50
The repressive laws by which the declaration of a state of siege was left to the discretion of the government, the press still more firmly muzzled, and the right of association annihilated, absorbed the whole of the legislative activity of the National Assembly during the months of June, July, and August.
On May 4, 1848, on December 20, 1848, on May 13, 1849, and on July 8, 1849, universal suffrage admitted that they were right.
It gave part of the army an opportunity for revolutionary demonstrations and the National Assembly the occasion for a more or less veiled vote of no confidence in the ministry.
http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1850/class-struggles-france/ch03.htm   (9282 words)

  
 The "F" word Samizdata.net
At least the UK press were under no illusions about the f-word, the Telegraph was predicting its removal as a political fudge for Blair almost as soon as the constitution was published...
Posted by Scott Cattanach at July 8, 2003 10:49 PM
Posted by Liberty Belle at July 8, 2003 02:09 PM
http://www.samizdata.net/blog/archives/003874.html   (3455 words)

  
 Whiskey Bar: Holiday Road
As you might have heard, the new Advisory, um, I mean Governing Council abolished the old state holidays -- including July 14, the anniversary of the coup that overthrew the Hashemite monarchy back in 1958 -- as its very first official act.
As soon as the oil fields will be secure, this council will vote the US out.
Posted by: Kristen at July 16, 2003 09:24 AM
http://billmon.org/archives/000358.html   (3390 words)

  
 © Background: The French Constitution
However, the men who made the July Monarchy had no wish to restore a republican system or to have too democratic a system of government.
Louis Phillippe, a member of the Orleans branch of the royal family was installed as king, swearing an oath of loyalty to the constitution and styling himself "King of the French" rather than "King of France".
For "liberals" who supported the new monarchy, just as for "conservatives" who had supported the Bourbon monarchy, there was a constant suspicion that greater freedom or decentralisation would simply provide new opportunities for popular and radical political movements to develop.
http://www.gla.ac.uk/centres/tltphistory/hcc/1848/answers/6a_back.htm   (413 words)

  
 Manning Clark House - The Quest for a Universal Class
'The July Monarchy was nothing other than a joint-stock company for the exploitation of France's national wealth, the dividends of which were divided among ministers, Chambers, 240,000 voters and their adherents.
Tocqueville's demolition of the head of the July Monarchy was merciless:
We were emerging from a monarchy, and even the Republicans' habits were monarchical.
http://www.manningclark.org.au/papers/kent_on_tocqueville.htm   (3954 words)

  
 July Monarchy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
His predecessor, Charles X, abdicated during the July Revolution, which had been launched in July of 1830 by the merchant bourgeoisie, who were outraged to be ousted from the limited voters list.
However, it should be noted that during the first several years of his regime, Louis-Philippe appeared to move his government toward legitimate, broad-based reform.
The "July Monarchy" was to last until 24 February 1848 when the Second Republic was established.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Monarchy   (339 words)

  
 French Politics
When the King dissolved the Chamber in March 1830 and issued four ordinances, restricting the freedom of the press and limiting the number of voters, in July; revolution broke out.
The revolutionaries desired a democratic republic, but political liberals, supported by the rising bourgeoise, wanted a reformed constitutional monarchy.
Even though it had been the bourgeoise who had been the target of the King’s ordinances, it was the republicans - revolutionary students, workers and the intelligentsia of Paris - that manned the barricades that were erected in late July.
http://web.hist.uib.no/delfag-v97/vemund/Frpolitics.html   (558 words)

  
 Expositions of the July Monarchy
On July 29, 1844, King Louis Philippe presided over the distribution of 3,253 awards at a ceremony in the Tuileries.
There were plans to launch the eighth industrial exposition in 1832, but the scheme was thwarted by two major events: revolution and disease.
Four years after the close of the 1844 exposition, France would expel her last king; and yet, in the early years of his reign, Louis-Philippe, successor to the exiled Charles X, seemed to many French people the ideal compromise between monarchy and republicanism.
http://charon.sfsu.edu/publications/ParisExpositions/JulyMonarchyExpos.html   (5421 words)

  
 1849-50: The Class Struggles in France, 1848-50
Instead of only a few factions of the bourgeoisie, all classes of French society were suddenly hurled into the orbit of political power, forced to leave the boxes, the stalls, and the gallery and to act in person upon the revolutionary stage!
Cheap government, government a bon marche, was what it had inscribed on its banner in the July days.
The majority of the great landowners, the Legitimists, were emancipated from the political nullity to which they had been condemned by the July Monarchy.
http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1850/class-struggles-france/ch01.htm   (7606 words)

  
 Paris (city, France) - MSN Encarta
In July 1830 a crackdown on civil rights sparked the July Revolution in the streets of Paris, in which Charles X was overthrown in favor of Louis Philippe of the house of Orléans.
From 1648 to 1653, during the early years of Louis XIV’s rule, the French nobility led a series of revolts against the monarchy.
While he was a minor, the government was largely in the hands of the chief minister, Cardinal Mazarin, whose palace, the Hôtel Mazarin, was located north of the Palais-Royal.
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761561798_9/Paris_(city_France).html   (1315 words)

  
 [No title]
A deputy for the Seine Department, Benjamin Raspail, moved that July 14 be named the national holiday of the Republic and Parliament passed an act to that effect on July 6, 1880.
In July, King Louis XVI called in fresh troops and dismissed his popular minister, Jacques Necker.
On the morning of July 14, the people of Paris seized weapons from the armory at the Invalides and then marched in the direction of an ancient Royal fortress, the Bastille.
http://www.info-france-usa.org/publi/nff/9812/pro.htm   (870 words)

  
 UCD US History: French Revolution Chronology
Louis XVI to Varennes undermines confidence among revolutionary leaders that a constitutional monarchy is workable.
The British declare an end to the French revolutionary wars.
Second Revolution": Parisian insurrection, invasion of the Tuileries: the Assembly had suspended the monarchy, but the royal family escaped this attack.
http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~rpekarek/frevchron.html   (1070 words)

  
 The Catholic Church in 19th Century France
It was followed by the election of Louis Philippe (of the House of Orleans) to the vacant throne, and a series of laws which proved the "July Monarchy," in spite of its protested neutrality, to be definitely anti-Catholic.
This gave to the enemies of the Church the much-desired opportunity to link her name with absolutism and oppression.
The July Monarchy of 1830 in turn fell before the revolution of 1848- a revolution planned and carried out in great part by the Socialists.
http://www.angelfire.com/ms/seanie/history/france19c.html   (664 words)

  
 The Doctrinaires: Bibliography
Craiutu, Aurelian, The Difficult Apprenticeship of Liberty: Reflections on the Political Thought of the French Doctrinaires (Dissertation, Princeton University, 1999).
Diodati-Remandet, Frédérique, La réflexion éducative de Hugo sous la Monarchie de Juillet
Brush, Elizabeth Parnham, Guizot in the Early Years of the Orleanist Monarchy (Dissertation, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1927).
http://faculty.law.lsu.edu/ccorcos/lawctr/doctrinairesbibliography.htm   (728 words)

  
 H-Net Review: Bradford C. Brown on Barricades: The War of the Streets in Revolutionary Paris, 1830-1848
Recounting the period from the July Revolution to the uprising of 1832, chapter 3 underlines the failure of moderate republicans caught between the new liberal regime and the emerging radicals.
The July Monarchy: A Political History of France 1830-1848
In the book, the war begins in July 1830 (albeit with occasional backward glances) even though more might be made of republican activism under the Restoration.
http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=156061093956209   (1835 words)

  
 French Peerage in the 19th c.
The House of Peers was abolished in February 1848 with the fall of the July Monarchy and never recreated.
Napoleon returned from Elba in March 1815 and issued a new constitution, which featured a House of Peers, whose members were all hereditary.
Moreover, the king's choice of new peers was restricted by law, by requiring him to choose them among certain categories: generals, former deputies, ambassadors, judges, etc (the restriction made little difference in practice, since peers were drawn from those categories anyway).
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/peerage19.htm   (1096 words)

  
 H-France Reviews
20-21), when the historical precedent of a revolution ushering in a constitutional monarchy was well known at the time.
In his special pleading for the regime, François Guizot, for instance, likened 1830 in France to 1688 in England.[2] Revolution also created the unstable constitutional monarchy in France from 1791 to 1792 and the much more stable regime in Belgium after 1830.
During his trial--for drawing the monarch as a mason plastering over a wall full of revolutionary slogans from July 1830--Philipon provided the court a sketch of Louis-Philippe’s head resembling a pear.
http://www.h-france.net/vol5reviews/allen3.html   (2357 words)

  
 DX Newsletter 1053: July 7, 1997
ZP5/LU6BEG July 97 Ernesto, Box 1589, 1000 CF, Argentine
He will return home (GW4MAD) on August 8.
IARU HF CHAMPIONSHIP CW/SSB/Mixed: July 12 1200 UTC until July 13 1200 UTC.
http://www.ng3k.com/Dxnl/dxnl1053.html   (823 words)

  
 Street Scenes in Paris in the 19th Century: A Brown University Library Exhibit
His court was forced to flee to Rambouillet, and on August 9th Louis-Philippe took the civil oath in office and was declared king of the “July Monarchy.”
The first day of violence occurred on July 27th, following the publication of the king's controversial ordinances banning freedom of the press.
Nominated to be king on July 30, historical sources indicate that Louis-Philippe presented himself to the people at the Hôtel de Ville, known to be the “heart of Paris,” on July 31, rather than July 30 th as the engraving indicates.
http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/University_Library/exhibits/paris/political.html   (1534 words)

  
 [No title]
For Guizot, English history ends with the consolidation of the constitutional monarchy.
He does not even mention that under Queen Anne the ruling parties could preserve themselves, as well as the constitutional monarchy, only by forcibly extending the term of Parliament to seven years, thus all but destroying any influence the people might have had on government.
Absolutism, particularly as it finally appeared in France, was an innovation there too, and it was against this innovation that the parlements [French Diets] revolted to defend the old laws, the _us et coutumes_ [usages and customs] of the old monarchy with its Estates General.
http://marx.eserver.org/1850-17c.england.txt   (1303 words)

  
 Ideologies and Upheavals
The Revolutions of 1848 France Banquet Campaign February Days (Fall of July Monarchy) Universal Suffrage Constituent Assembly National Workshops June Days (workers massacred) Elections of December 1848 Louis Napoleon Germany Prussia--March uprising.
The Revolutions of 1830 France King Charles X (ruled 1824-1830) July Days (overthrow of regime in 1830) King Louis-Philippe (July Monarchy) Problem of Voting Rights Francois Guizot Belgium gains independence Poland--rebellion suppressed by Russia Italian rebellions suppressed by Austria III.
http://pirate.shu.edu/~knightna/wc2may05/WCIIhandout17.htm   (143 words)

  
 [No title]
The Egyptian leader can start his fifth term by establishing a new Republic of Egypt, which can move forward under the authority of the constitution and laws, which can be developed over a period of time.
This was clear when a huge segment of Egyptians chose to ignore the historic elections as they were too lazy to take the responsibility of choosing their own leader.
President Mubarak has a wonderful opportunity to reverse this trend by launching massive economic and political reforms to ensure his people are interested in serving their country and not its leader.
http://www.arabtimesonline.com/ARABTIMES/opinion/view.asp?msgID=889   (498 words)

  
 Heine and the Salon of 1831
His reign, known as the July Monarchy, lasted until the revolution of February 1848.
[40] His dream-images, then, pit liberty against the monarchy of Catholicism:
The Salon of 1831 was a milestone in several respects: it was the first to be held in four years, and the first to occur after the July Revolution.
http://www.nthuleen.com/papers/AH350frpaintprint.html   (7250 words)

  
 [No title]
Installation of the more “moderate” Orleanist of “July” Monarchy under Louis-Philippe, who governed until 1848.
This was period of “Reign of Terror.” July 1794.
Restoration of Bourbon Monarchy under Louis XVIII, who ruled until 1824.
http://www.polisci.ucla.edu/faculty/lofchie/FrenchRegimes_history.doc   (799 words)

  
 SnappyProf publications
"Victor Hugo and the Hunchbacks of the July Monarchy" Studies in the Humanities, vol.
Edited by Petra Chu and Gabriel P. Weisberg, Princeton University Press, 1994.
"The Image that Speaks: the Significance of M. Mayeux," in The Popularization of Images: Visual Culture Under the July Monarchy (1830-1848), pp.
http://www.snappyprof.com/profile/publications.html   (587 words)

  
 Santa Clara University - College of Arts and Sciences - History - Faculty & Staff -Jo Burr Margadant
What can we learn about the instability and eventual collapse of dynastic government in nineteenth-century France if we ask how gendered and familial imagery operated in the political imaginary of all sides to the political struggles that finally led to a republican France?
1999 "Gender, Vice and the Political Imaginary in Postrevolutionary France: Reinterpreting the Failure of the July Monarchy, 1830-1848 American Historical Review, 104.4 (December, 2000): 1460-1496.
My research strategy is to compare representations of key members of the Orleans royal family by their political opponents in a variety of media with how they represented themselves in their private correspondence, in their published and unpublished memoirs or diaries, and on all public occasions.
http://www.scu.edu/cas/history/faculty/joburrmargadant.cfm   (917 words)

  
 History 541: France, 1815 to the present
Terms to know:  Ultras, Chambre introuvable, Saint-Simonians, romanticism, republicanism, Carbonari, socialism, feminism, industrialization, urbanization, railroad-building boom, July Days (1830), February Revolution (1848), June Days (1848), Luxembourg Commission, assimilation (of Jews), nationalism, Bonapartism, Cobden-Chevalier treaty, Franco-Prussian war, Paris Commune, ‘Moral Order’ government, Opportunism, Alsace-Lorraine, compagnonnages, Tour de France, mutual-aid societies, artisans, proletarians.
The names, dates, and major characteristics of the different regimes (governments) in France, from 1815 to the 1880s:  Restoration, July Monarchy, Second Republic, Second Empire, 3
Themes to think about:  Why were French governments so unstable during this period?
http://www.uky.edu/~popkin/541StudyGuide1stMT.htm   (552 words)

  
 Religion And Radicalism In July Monarchy France - SHOP.COM
Religion And Radicalism In July Monarchy France - SHOP.COM
You might try modifying your search term or selecting one of the department links below.
All other designated trademarks, copyrights and brands are the property of their respective owners.
http://www.shop.com/op/aprod-p34172195   (120 words)

  
 French Political History, 1815 - 2000
1830 - 1848: July Monarchy (or "Bourgeois" Monarchy), with liberal Guizot as prime minister
July 1984: After prolonged economic stagnation and proposed school reform fails, Prime Minister Mauroy resigns and left-win government collapses.
September 1793 - July 1794: "Revolutionary Government" by Jacobins ("The Terror")
http://www.unlv.edu/faculty/gbrown/hist362/resources/chrono.htm   (943 words)

  
 The Infography about the Art of the July Monarchy
Hugh Collingham, The July Monarchy: A Political History of France, 1830-1848, Longman, 1988.
The Art of the July Monarchy: France, 1830 to 1848, University of Missouri Press, 1990.
Robert Bezucha, The Lyon Uprising of 1834: Social and Political Conflict in the Early July Monarchy, Havard University Press, 1974.
http://www.infography.com/content/507720052966.html   (282 words)

  
 City Of Inverness
John Parker was born in Lexington, Massachusetts on July 13, 1729.
The first general awarded the title since George Washington, Pershing was given a hero's burial at Arlington National Cemetery.
Novelist Owen Wister was born in Philadelphia on July 14, 1860.
http://www.cityofinvernessonline.com/ReadArticle.asp?id=244   (465 words)

  
 PoliticalLeadersHome
His dissolution in March 1830 of the liberal chamber of deputies and his drastic July Ordinances, that established rigid control of the press, resulted in the July Revolution of 1830.
The following July Monarchy, led by King Louis Philippe ruled over France for 18 years.
Charles enacted many laws in his quest to reestablish elements of the Ancien regime.
http://gallery.sjsu.edu/paris/politics   (513 words)

  
 2. The July Monarchy. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
This law proved very difficult to enforce because of falsified documents, lack of paid inspectors, and collusion between parents and employers.
The resulting high infant mortality led the government to close many of these towers during the July Monarchy.
Private individuals also began to address the needs of working parents.
http://www.bartleby.com/67/1061.html   (687 words)

  
 Church in France
During the Spring of 1848 Church and State enjoyed a honeymoon, but it was a brief one.
There had been linkages throughout the July Monarchy between populist religion and social democratic movements.
Reports were common of workers seeking priests to give extreme unction to the dying during the February days and ceremonial blessings of trees of liberty in the provinces.
http://www.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/ac/churchfr.htm   (1446 words)

  
 NCAW Autumn 02 Marijke Jonker on Gustave Planche
Although Cousin also rose to a position of eminence after the July Revolution, Planche never came to doubt his integrity, as he had doubted that of the Romantic artists and writers who were favored by the July Monarchy.
He particularly favored the wall paintings for which Delacroix received numerous commissions during the July Monarchy and the Second Empire.
One of Planche's favorite landscape painters—and, indeed, one of his best friends—was Paul Huet, a painter, draftsman, and printmaker who found himself in an anomalous position in the artistic life of the July Monarchy.
http://www.19thc-artworldwide.org/autumn_02/articles/jonk.html   (4722 words)

  
 [No title]
Louis-Philippe is known as the "citizen king" because of his bourgeois manners and clothes, but his reign proves differently.
The July Monarchy is marked by the triumph of the wealthy bourgeoisie, a return to Napoleonic influence and colonial expansion.
http://dl.lib.brown.edu/paris/time4.html   (262 words)

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