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| | Iranian Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The Iranian Shah meeting with Alfred Atherton, William Sullivan, Cyrus Vance, President Carter, and Zbigniew Brzezinski, 1977 | | | Khomeini himself became Head of State for life, as "Leader of the Revolution", and later "Supreme Spiritual Leader". | | | This was due in large measure to his close ties to the West, unsuccessful reforms enacted during the White Revolution, internal corruption, and the despotic nature of his government, especially its secret police known as SAVAK. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolution
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| | History of Iran: Islamic Revolution of 1979 |
| | He was appointed to the Council of the Islamic Revolution in 1979, and between 1979 and 1981 he was a member of the Majlis, serving as deputy minister of defense, commander of the Revolutionary Guard, and representative on the Supreme Council of Defense. | | | Khamenei was one of the founders of the Islamic Republican Party, which dominated the Majlis (the national legislature) after the 1979 revolution. | | | Rafsanjani was re-elected in 1993 but stepped down in 1997, since the Iranian constitution limits the president from seeking a third term. |
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http://www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_revolution/islamic_revolution.php
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| | History of Iran - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In 1981, Mujaheddin-e-Khalq detonated bombs in the head office of the Islamic Republic Party and the Premier's office, killing 70 high-ranking Iranian officials, including Ayatollah Mohammad Beheshti (chief Justice), Mohammad Ali Rajai (President), and Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Prime Minister). | | | The Carter administration severed diplomatic relations and imposed economic sanctions on April 7, 1980 and later that month attempted a rescue. | | | In 1957 martial law was ended after 16 years and Iran became closer to the West, joining the Baghdad Pact and receiving military and economic aid from the US. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Iran
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| | Asia Times Online :: Middle East News, Iraq, Iran current affairs |
| | These were the currents of freedom and dignity with social justice, and, secondly, the mystical-commercial-gustatory nexus between the clergy and the Iranian bazaar. | | | Ahmadinejad repeatedly emphasized in his campaign speeches that he would lead the Iranian people back to the principles of the Iranian revolution - namely, economic development based on social justice and national dignity. | | | This was inevitable given the working, intimate climate between the Shi'ite and his mosque. |
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http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/GF29Ak04.html
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| | History: The Iranian Revolution |
| | This led to his dismissal on June 20, of position of commander-in-chief of the armed forces. | | | Iran is progressing steadily, and has recovered from the revolution. | | | A president, cabinet, judicial branch, and Majilesor or legislative branch, makes up the governmental positions. |
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http://www.cyberessays.com/History/120.htm
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| | Iran and the Revolution: An exposure of the American Plans |
| | Former Iranian Foreign Minister, Ibrahim Yazdi, said in a conversation with the Iranian newspaper, Iyianadjan, which Reuter broadcasted on August 7, 1979, that Carter warned Khomeini to be careful, if Bakhtiar did not support the Revolution. | | | Yazdi studied for sixteen years in tl1e United States, and he had both the American citizenship along with his Iranian citizenship (his wife and children carried only the American citizenship).54 Yazdi was formerly responsible for the activities and the hostile demonstrations against the Shah when he visited the White House in November of 1977. | | | But, since Rafsanjani is paving the way to moderation", the Iranian Majlis is in the process of changing the constitution so that Rafsanjani to can become president for a third time. |
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http://www.islamicweb.com/beliefs/cults/iranian_revolution.htm
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| | THE IRANIAN: 1979 revolution, Payman Arabshahi |
| | The only reservation about the text is made by General Shafeghat, who crosses out his signature after hearing Gharabaghi say that "with this text then, Bakhtiar has to go"; Shafeghat's excuse being that he is the minister of war and member of Bakhtiar's cabinet. | | | This was meant as a gesture of reconciliation by the Bakhtiar government toward revolutionary forces. | | | We have been in touch with all groups, including Mehdi Bazargan, through diplomatic channels, although we have not made any contacts with him after his election to the position of prime minister... |
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http://www.iranian.com/History/Feb98/Revolution
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| | Class Analysis of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 |
| | The Shah, his ministers, and advisers remained committed to land reform, partly because the 1949 Chinese revolution remained a potent symbol during the 1960s and the monarchist regime was convinced that the so-called peasantry must be pacified. | | | a change in the political relationships constituting the state designed to avert a gradually progressing economic revolution. | | | This was a critical catalyst in the 1979 Revolution. |
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http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/sgabriel/iran.htm
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| | Ron Jacobs: Iranian Revolution, Reloaded? |
| | Already beholden to the United States for Washington's support for his father and providing the younger Pahlavi with a place to organize against the regime, this Pahlavi is a true believer in the American way of life. | | | This practice was most prevalent during the final years of the struggle against the Shah and in 1981-1982. | | | In addition, he has no connection to the revolutionary movement of 1979-a revolution that continues to leave a bitter taste in Washington's mouth. |
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http://www.counterpunch.org/jacobs06132003.html
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| | The Iranian Revolution 1979 |
| | They see the monarchy tamed to a limited extent, so that a constitutional monarchy could act as a bulwark against the revolution, against the working class. | | | Thus the demonstrations in Portugal of more than a million after the fall of the Caetano regime. | | | This in its turn would lead to the stability of his regime. |
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http://www.newyouth.com/archives/middleeast/iranian_revolution_1979.html
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| | Iranian Women--Vanguard of World Revolution |
| | This document is an expansion of a draft presented to the Radical Women National Executive Committee (NEC) which met in New York City, May 1979. | | | Khomeini opposes abortion, divorce rights and coeducation, and has instructed women to go back to the veil. | | | Iranian women have toiled under the rankest social, legal and economic discrimination, duly sanctioned by Islamic law. |
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http://www.socialism.com/library/iranwomen.html
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| | International Socialist Review |
| | As a result, the revolution brought to power Khomeini& forces—which appointed a government of bourgeois liberal politicians led by Mehdi Bazargan. | | | This is the best short account—from a Marxist perspective—of the Iranian Revolution and its aftermath. | | | The Iranian revolution of 1979 and the image of American diplomats held hostage cast fundamentalism as a symbol of resistance to the U.S. and as the main enemy of the U.S. abroad. |
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http://www.isreview.org/issues/09/iranian_revolution.shtml
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| | Shi'a: The Iranian Revolution |
| | On September 9, the Shah declared martial law and imprisoned as many opposition leaders as he could lay hands on. | | | A group of students protested the visit of Jimmy Carter, the American President, and the governments attacks on Ayatollah Khumayni. | | | On February 12, the Prime Minister of Iran fled. |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8000/~dee/SHIA/REV.HTM
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| | Asia Times |
| | His is a concept of politics, economics and social justice at the macro level. | | | The film is set four years after the revolution. | | | The film is more or less the story of Iranian society from 1979 to 2002: After too much repression, both the hardliners and the liberal reformers are making compromises with and for one other. |
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http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/DL18Ak01.html
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| | BBC News World Eyewitness: Iran's revolution revisited |
| | But young people, especially in the cities, tend to find it boring and repressive, and the euphoria which seized almost the entire country in 1997, when Mohammed Khatemi was elected president by 86% of the vote because he was a moderate, has long since evaporated. | | | All revolutions devour their children but the Iranian revolution had a fiercer appetite than most. | | | There's a kind of gridlock in Iranian politics: President Khatemi's efforts to allow the country to open up to the West are resisted with great ferocity by the conservatives. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/277563.stm
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| | Iranian revolution depicted in posters on display at Hoover |
| | This poster currently on display at the Hoover pavillion depicts a white female figure with a raised fist smashing the Pahlavi crown, the symbol of the shah who was overthrown in the 1978 Iranian revolution. | | | Proceedings from the conference, which will be edited by Milani and Hoover Senior Fellow Larry Diamond, will be published in English and Persian. | | | A major international conference on Iran is scheduled to take place on campus next May. It will feature this year's Nobel Peace laureate, Shirin Ebadi, an Iranian lawyer and human rights activist, as the keynote speaker. |
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http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2003/november19/iran-1119.html
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| | Afary, Janet: Foucault and the Iranian Revolution |
| | Afary, Janet and Kevin B. Anderson Foucault and the Iranian Revolution: Gender and the Seductions of Islamism. | | | Epilogue: From the Iranian Revolution to September 11, 2001 | | | During his little-known stint as a journalist, Foucault traveled to Iran, met with leaders like Ayatollah Khomeini, and wrote a series of articles on the revolution. |
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http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/16579.ctl
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| | Michael Ledeen on Iran on National Review Online |
| | Put in simple terms, he's negotiating for his survival. | | | The spooks and dips believe that democratic revolution in Iran is unlikely because the revolutionary forces have no charismatic leader — no Walesa, no Havel, no Robespierre, no Jefferson — and without revolutionary leaders, revolutions do not occur. | | | The truth is that the United States has had rotten intelligence on Iran ever since the run-up to the 1979 revolution that removed the shah and brought the awful mullahs to power. |
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http://www.nationalreview.com/ledeen/ledeen061603.asp
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| | FOUCAULT'S PERSIAN GULF: Reality, Perception and the Iranian Revolution |
| | There will not be a Khomeini party; there will not be a Khomeini government." So there's no doubt Foucault was genuinely shocked when Khomeini consolidated his grip and the hands and heads started falling. | | | He spoke out about the repression in an open letter to the (alas, only) nominal head of government Mehdi Bazargan, and reminded him of their conversations before the revolution, when Foucault was given many assurances about the positive effect religion would have in reining in (as opposed to reigning in) government. | | | When Foucault said, in his letter to Bazargan, that he was sure the Iranians were tired of receiving "such noisy lectures" from the outside world, he could have been referring to Millet, Beauvoir and others. |
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http://www.payvand.com/news/05/dec/1019.html
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| | Lessons of the Iranian revolution |
| | The mullahs went on to amalgamate civil society into the state. | | | This applies as much to after, as before, the revolution. | | | The process was assisted by the fact that internationally the left in all its hues, all but a tiny faction, had hailed the Iranian revolution and counselled support for the counter-revolutionary regime that had defeated the revolution. |
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http://www.iran-bulletin.org/Marxism/Lessons.htm
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| | The Iranian Revolution |
| | It has been on the hit list of every U.S. administration, Republican or Democrat, since the 1979 revolution. | | | The left, which for years had been repressed by the Shah, resurfaced during the revolution and enjoyed great popularity. | | | Mossadeq, a nationalist, had brought the wrath of Western governments on himself by nationalizing the Iranian oil industry--which until the 1950s was owned and run by Britain’s Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. |
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http://www.socialistworker.org/2004-1/488/488_08_Iran.shtml
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| | In Iran, a 'second revolution' gathers steam csmonitor.com |
| | Bolooki and her family, though support the demands for change from Iranian President Khatami. | | | The first was President Bush's labeling of Iran as part of an "axis of evil." The second was the resignation of a senior prayer leader in Isfahan in July and the devastating accusations he made in an open letter. | | | The families that gave up so much have never doubted the revolution, or questioned the divine right to rule of Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Sayed Ali Khamenei. |
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http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/1129/p01s04-wosc.html
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| | [Infoshop News] Religious Fundamentalist Regimes: a lesson from the Iranian Revolution 1978-1979 |
| | Khomeini founded the fundamentalist Iranian Republican Party (IRP) to squeeze opposition parties out of the provisional government and at the same time established the Revolutionary Guards (Pasdaran), a political police force to marginalise the secular left within the komitehs which it wanted to mobilise as a supporter bloc. | | | The new workerist federation, that replaced the old state one, the All-Iran Workers' Union, declared that its aim was an Iran "free of class oppression" and called for shoras to be "formed by the workers of each factory for their own political and economic needs". | | | The fundamentalist clerical regime had not set them free: it had only produced new forms of capitalist exploitation and police state repression. |
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http://flag.blackened.net/pipermail/infoshop-news/2002-May/001028.html
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| | iranian.com: Revolution |
| | Most Iranians only became aware of Palestine after the Second World War, when they went there, not to pray at al-Aqsa, but to benefit from the medical proficiency of Jewish doctors who had immigrated from European lands. | | | They have been away because they were involved in dissident political activities against the regime in the early years of the revolution. | | | Can this be forefront for a new revolution? |
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http://www.iranian.com/revolution.html
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| | Revisiting Foucault and the Iranian Revolution |
| | This was Foucault's only first-hand experience of revolution and it led to his most extensive set of writings on a non-Western society. | | | He mocked the hopes of French and Iranian Marxists, who had believed that Khomeini would now be pushed aside by the Marxist Left: "Religion played its role of opening the curtain; the Mullahs will now disperse themselves, taking off in a big group of black and white robes. | | | By late 1978, the Islamist faction led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini had come to dominate the antiregime uprising, in which secular nationalists, democrats, and leftists also participated. |
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http://www.wpunj.edu/~newpol/issue37/Afary37.htm
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| | What Are the Iranians Dreaming About? by Michel Foucault |
| | Ayatollah Khomeini had already given this as his pithy response to journalists and the response remained at that point. | | | It all proved that people believed in the power of the mysterious current that flowed between an old man who had been exiled for fifteen years and his people, who invoke his name. | | | During his studies in Europe, Shariati, who came from a religious milieu, had been in contact with leaders of the Algerian Revolution, with various left-wing Christian movements, with an entire current of non-Marxist socialism. |
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http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/007863.html
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| | BBC News In Pictures |
| | Iran's revolution began with a popular democracy movement and ended with the establishment of the world's first Islamic state. | | | The revolution turned Iranian society upside down and became one of the defining moments of the 20th Century. | | | Click through this gallery to see how and why the revolution happened |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/04/middle_east_the_iranian_revolution/html/1.stm
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