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| | A short history of the international communist left |
 | | The split was created by the decision of the Communist International at the Congress of June 1920, which demanded of all the parties the adoption in theory and practice of a precise communist and revolutionary programme, as well as the exclusion of all those raising themselves in opposition to this doctrine and politics. | | | Then, a little after the Congress of Rome in 1923, the leadership of the Left was replaced by the leadership of the Right, who, having been appointed, accepted the theses of the Party Congress of Rome. | | | Because he considered the State property (which he called collective) as progressive and foresaw an inevitable war (i.e. |
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http://www.sinistra.net/lib/upt/comlef/art/ashohiscle.html
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| | Fourth_International |
| | Pablo became the new secretary of the International, while Mandel became its chief theoretician. | | | The Fifth World Congress was held in 1957. | | | This, they held, was confirmed by the Cuban revolution. |
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http://www.usedaudiparts.com/search.php?title=Fourth_International
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| | Left Opposition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Nearly all members of the Left Opposition in the USSR were executed during the Moscow Trials of the Great Purge. | | | After Stalin consolidated his power, the Left Opposition was banned, and its members were expelled from the party. | | | Leon Trotsky was the de-facto leader of the Left Opposition. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_Opposition
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| | Left communism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | With the party Congress of 1926 held in Lyons, crowned by Gramsci's famous, the left majority was now defeated and on course to becoming a minority within the party. | | | Eventually these two factors led to the displacement of Bordiga from his position as first secretary and his replacement by Gramsci. | | | This was a result of the of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) being in advance of other sections of the PSI in their realisation that a separate Communist Party had to be formed which did not include reformists. |
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http://www.northmiami.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Left_Communism
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| | Internationalist Group -- Reforge the Fourth International! |
| | On October 15, Iraqis are being called to vote in a referendum on a “constitution” intended to serve as a façade to disguise U.S. colonial rule. | | | Imperialist war criminals are about to launch an Armageddon on the Tigris and Euphrates. | | | New Orleans Death Trap: Thousands of Black Poor Left to Die (5 September 2005) |
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http://www.internationalist.org
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| | The birth of the Chinese left Opposition |
| | These documents were to serve as an introduction and to teach Chen to understand his own role in the 1925-27 period. | | | In his opinion, the line of Our Word was 'that of capitulators', while Chen Duxiu represented 'the Right Opposition masquerading behind the phraseology of the Left'. | | | The decision on this point had been taken by Chen Duxiu during the Fourth Congress of the Communist International. |
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http://www.revolutionary-history.co.uk/backiss/Vol2/No4/birth.html
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| | The History of Trotskyism |
| | During the convention of the Sixth Congress of the Comintern in Moscow in that summer of 1928 these documents were semi-legally circulated among some of the delegates to the Congress, arousing an unofficial but all the more animated discussion. | | | Pablo and Ernest Mandel insisted that Stalin's death in 1953 opened a process of the "self-reform" of Stalinism to the left. | | | The behavior of the accused Trotskyists in court was impeccable, in the spirit of Luxembourg and Liebknecht. |
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http://www.mit.edu/people/fjk/essays/heritage.html
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| | Class Struggle, Volume 2 Number 9 - October 1932 |
| | This phase should be opened up with a real international congress and a collective political authority set up. | | | It had not been chosen on the basis of merit after examination by delegates at, a Congress. | | | The resolution states: "The ideas of the left, of Marxism, of the real program of the Comintern have penetrated the ranks of the party. |
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http://www.weisbord.org/TwoNine.htm
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| | For A New Communist International |
| | For four whole years, from 1924 to 1928, no Congress of the International was held. | | | For three years the Russian Communists Party Congress has not met. | | | In the Balkans, the Communist International took in as a "sympathetic" Party the capitalistic Party of Raditch, agrarian kulak leader who later turned against the peasants and the Communists, his supporters. |
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http://www.weisbord.org/International.htm
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| | eqg024 Equatorial Guinean opposition asks for international mediation |
| | La Diáspora also reports about a similar case of "governmental terrorism" which took place in the same countries in November 1997. | | | afrol.com, 24 November - The Equatorial Guinean opposition party Unión para la Democracia y el Desarrollo Social de Guinea Ecuatorial (UDDS) this week asked the UN, US, France and Spain for help in establishing, within short, a negotiation channel between President Teodoro Obiang and the opposition. | | | The leaders of the forbidden opposition party Fuerza Demócrata Republicana (FDR), Felipe Ondó Obiang and Guillermo Nguema Elá, were abducted in Gabon and taken to Malabo, Equatorial Guinea, in the private airplane of President Obiang, after the payment of one million US$ to Gabonese authorities. |
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http://www.afrol.com/News/eqg024_int_mediation.htm
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| | Trotskyism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | They insist on running independendly of pro-capitalist politicians, running their own candidates in the United States, Australia, Sri Lanka, and Germany in recent elections. | | | Before his death, however, in 1938 Trotsky established the Fourth International. | | | Both Nader and Galloway accept money from right-wing groups to help their campaign, Nader from Republicans and Galloway from Arab nationalist governments. |
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http://www.eastcleveland.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Trotskyist
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| | How the FI was conceived |
| | On January 30, 1933, Hindenburg, the constitutional head of the Weimar Republic, elected with the votes of the Social Democracy, called on Hitler to form a new cabinet. | | | As a leader of the Fourth International he headed a provisional international centre in the United States during World War Two and left politics shortly thereafter.] | | | The organizational cohesion of the International Left Opposition was not seriously undertaken until the time of Trotsky's expulsion from the USSR and his arrival in Turkey, in February 1929. |
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http://www.bolshevik.org/history/Tr-van.htm
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| | Articles - Maurice Spector |
| | Spector later moved to New York City and became a leading member of the Trotskyist movement there. | | | This critique was a landmark in the ideological arming of the International Left Opposition. | | | Although Trotsky had been expelled from the Russian party a year earlier, he took advantage of the Congress to appeal to the Communist International. |
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http://www.worldhammock.com/articles/Maurice_Spector
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| | Reviews / Comptes Rendus Labour/Le Travail, 52 The History Cooperative |
| | If the Left responds to its current and undoubtedly temporary fractured inconsequentiality by denying the importance of programmatic clarity, the "progressive" academic milieu is much worse. | | | Cannon, whose supporters included many of the old guard trade-union stalwarts of American Trotskyism, argued that the Soviet Union, for all of its degenerations, remained a workers' state and thus had to be defended unconditionally against imperialist aggression. | | | Over the course of the 1940s and 1950s Shachtman drifted to the right, and eventually his 'Third Camp' politics, which soon came to regard both Stalinism and capitalism as equally pernicious enemies of socialism, led to his failure to condemn even American imperialism's Bay of Pigs invasion of the Cuban deformed workers' state. |
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http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/llt/52/br_21.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The leftist Sandinista government urgently appealed to the international community for aid. | | | The Roman Catholic Church and opposition political, labor and business leaders set up a private relief group Wednesday to solicit international aid for Nicaraguans left homeless by Hurricane Joan. | | | Reynaldo Antonio Tefel, president of the government's National Emergency Committee, said Tuesday the amount of aid received so far _ 2,236 tons of supplies _ would cover the needs of the homeless for about a month. |
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http://ils.unc.edu/~viles/172i/users/big/docs/AP881102-0225
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| | Global DOCUMENT index |
| | Review of Paul A. Baran and Paul M. Sweezy, Monopoly Capital, | | | The Socialist Opposition to the American Bourgeoisie, by James P. Cannon, 1951, from Trotskyism in the United States, Paul Le Blanc. | | | Transcribed from the March 1977 International Information Bulletin, published by the Socialist Workers Party of the United States. |
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http://www.marxists.org.uk/history/etol/document
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| | Marxism Glossary - L |
| | A group of ILO leaders met with Trotsky when he was in Copenhagen in November 1932, and an international preconference of the ILO was held in Paris in February 1933. | | | He led the first victorious workers' revolution in 1917, and served as the first head of state of the Soviet government. | | | Joined movement in Poland in 1887; exiled in 1889; leader of SDKP (Polish Social Democrats); joined SDP in Germany 1898; on Second International bureau from 1903; leader of left wing against revisionist right and, after 1910, against Kautskyist group; leading revolutionary opponent of war; founder of Spartacus group. |
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http://www.newyouth.com/archives/theory/glossary/l.asp
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| | Trotskyism |
| | This bureaucracy, however, was not a ruling class. | | | This would have serious consequences - on both the Trotskyist movement's theory and practice - later on. | | | Because the Trotskyist movement was so small and so isolated from the working class movement, their theoretical errors were never checked by practice, and they did not become evident until years after Trotsky's death. |
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http://www.geocities.com/anita_job/trotskyism.html
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| | "Forward-March!" a photographic memorial of World War I |
| | "Second International.—The Second International was formed at Paris in 1889, six years after Marx's death, but it was based more firmly on his doctrines than the First International, and became the fountainhead of international socialism. | | | In 1872 Marx withdrew his support because the anarchists were becoming too powerful and he was bitterly opposed to them, as they were against any system of government including that proposed by Marx. | | | It had its beginning in 1915 and 1916 at conferences in Switzerland of the radical groups of the Second International. |
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http://www.usgennet.org/usa/topic/preservation/dav2a/pg472.htm
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| | The Hindu : National : Left opposition to Pension Bill continues |
| | Earlier, the Finance Minister, P. Chidambaram, urged the Left parties to reconsider their opposition to the Bill. | | | With the United Progressive Alliance Government getting the Patents (Amendment) Bill approved by the Lok Sabha, it is now faced with another major task — the passing of the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority Bill, 2005. | | | The Left parties are not only opposed to the opening up of the pension system to private players but also have reservations about the new defined contribution pension regime which is to replace the earlier defined benefit pension system. |
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http://www.hinduonnet.com/2005/03/23/stories/2005032306141100.htm
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| | Monthly Review: C.L.R. James: the Artist as Revolutionary. - book reviews |
| | The Johnsonites left the Workers Party after six years charging it was insufficiently "proletarian," rejoining the SWP in 1947, only to split from the SWP a second time in 1950 for reasons that still remain in dispute. | | | The New York Times virtually ignored James throughout most of his life, but on his death it published a major, friendly obituary, complete with photograph, respectfully declaring him a "leader of the pan-African movement" and a "prodigious and eclectic intellectual." | | | Although he had been known almost exclusively among dissident communists and Pan-Africanists, James in his last decade burst through the dominant culture of Great Britain and the United States to become a recognized figure of international significance not only in the colonies but in the heartlands of imperialism. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1132/is_n2_v42/ai_9173301
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| | LA Weekly: News: Iraq: Telling the Left From the Right |
| | The anti-Saddam opposition was openly and tragically betrayed by Washington. | | | Instead of the U.S.-backed return of the old ruling class, the Communist Party and Shia and Kurdish opposition groups want U.N.-monitored elections inside a post-Saddam Iraq leading to a federal representative government. | | | The Iraqis closest to Washington remain deposed aristocrats, although the Bush administration finally dumped the plan, backed by the Pentagon alone, to restore exiled former supporters of the Kingdom of Iraq, which prevailed for 27 years, to power as the Iraqi National Congress. |
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http://www.laweekly.com/ink/03/15/news-smyth.php
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| | Lev Davidovič Trockij / International Left Opposition Archives |
| | Originals in possesion of the Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., USA | | | The International Preconference of the ILO, Paris, 1933 February 4-8 | | | Lev Davidovič Trockij / International Left Opposition Archives |
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http://www.iisg.nl/archives/en/files/t/10771591.php
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| | Trotsky.net |
| | Huge numbers of his supporters inside the Soviet Union ended up in Stalin's camps from which they were never to return. | | | From exile Trotsky gathered supporters inside the Communist Parties with which he built the International Left Opposition. | | | Thus the struggle between Stalin's faction and the Left Opposition, led by Trotsky, was a struggle between the genuine representatives of the working class and the up-and-coming bureaucratic elite. |
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http://www.trotsky.net
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| | Manchester Anti-War News |
| | However, the media establishment under-reports its activities and during the fighting part of the 2003 Iraq war, there was a media blackout locally and nationally. | | | There is a substantial reporting gap and it has been left to the alternative, non-corporate media to fill it as far as is possible within the confines of its limited resources. | | | The Internet has made its task much easier--this site is one of many alternative news media sites that have sprung up in the past few years. |
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http://ito.gn.apc.org
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