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| | Mikhail Gorbachev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | This proved to be the most far-reaching of Gorbachev's foreign policy reforms with his Foreign Ministry spokesman Gennadi Gerasimov jokingly calling his new doctrine the Sinatra Doctrine. | | | Elections to the congress were held throughout the USSR in March and April 1989. | | | Furthermore, Gorbachev was forced to fire large numbers of his Politburo and, in several cases, arrest them. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev
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| | Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeyevich on Encyclopedia.com |
| | With the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) on Dec. 8, 1991, the federal government of the Soviet Union became superfluous, and on Dec. 25, Gorbachev resigned as president. | | | In 1970, he became Stavropol party leader and was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. | | | The education of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev; an intimate biography of the private man. (Man of the Year) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/g/gorbache.asp
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| | Gorbachev, Mikhail |
| | In October 1988 Gorbachev was able to consolidate his power by his election to the chairmanship of the presidium of the Supreme Soviet (the national legislature). | | | In May 1989 Gorbachev was elected chairman of this Supreme Soviet and thereby retained the national presidency. | | | The new freedoms arising from Gorbachev's democratization and decentralization of his nation's political system led to civil unrest in several of the constituent republics (e.g., Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Uzbekistan) and to outright attempts to achieve independence in others (e.g., Lithuania). |
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http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/240_44.html
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| | Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was born on March 2, 1931 in Privolnoye, Stavropol province. | | | Mikhail Gorbachev is married to Raisa Gorbacheva (1953), has one daughter, and two granddaugthers. | | | He also served as Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1970-1990 and acted as Chairman for the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Soviet of the Union in 1984-85. |
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http://www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/dmiguse/Russian/mgbio.html
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| | PWHCE Who's Who of Russia: Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | Gorbachev's concessions to hardline demands led his reformist Politburo to abandon him, leaving him politically isolated. | | | Though lionised in the West, Gorbachev's oblivion was confirmed when he received less than one percent of the popular vote in the 1996 Presidential election. | | | His father was a decorated member of the Red Army and a local party official. |
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http://www.pwhce.org/rus/gorbachev.html
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| | Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev & Mikhail Gorbachev Biography Links |
| | Gorbachev's phenomenal success was not all due to his own tenacity but also to the success of Kulakov, his superior throughout Gorbachev's political history in Stavropol. | | | Later that year, Gorbachev received the honor of being appointed to the editorial commission responsible for the final draft of the new Soviet Constitution. | | | His performance continues to warrant his climb and in 1970, he is appointed the First Secretary of the Stavropol Kraikom and soon after is elected full member of the Central Committee at the 24th Party Congress. |
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http://www.thepeacemission.com/gorbachev.htm
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| | Mikhail Gorbachev deeply disappointed in Putin - PRAVDA.Ru |
| | Gorbachev, however, became of one Putin's most ardent followers since the moment, when the latter became the elected president of Russia. | | | To exemplify his point, Gorbachev referred to the law about the elimination of state benefits: "Law-makers did not think about people, when they were discussing the law. | | | Such statements would be absolutely normal and even mild for the majority of Russian politicians. |
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http://english.pravda.ru/main/18/88/350/14913_gorbachev.html
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| | The American Experience Reagan People & Events Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | Gorbachev did not rise in the ranks of the Kremlin hierarchy until 1982, when premier Yuri Andropov adopted him as his protégé. | | | At 54, younger and healthier than his predecessors, the reform-minded Gorbachev was openly critical of Party excesses. | | | In 1996 Gorbachev ran for reelection but received only about one percent of the vote. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande01.html
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| | Gorbachev @ Colgate |
| | Gorbachev served as president of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1985 through 1990, the year in which he became the only president of the Soviet Union and earned the Nobel Peace Prize. | | | The session ended with a brief thanks from Grabois, who said, "You [Gorbachev] have made an extraordinary difference in the world and today, you have made an extraordinary difference in Hamilton, New York." | | | On Christmas Day of 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president, following the breakdown of the Soviet Union. |
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http://departments.colgate.edu/russian/gorbachev.html
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| | Gorbachev Mikhail Sergeevich |
| | At the end of August Gorbachev resigned from the post of General Secretary of the Communist Party Central Committee. | | | Since that practically all Gorbachov's decisions were coordinated with the Russian President Boris Yeltsin. | | | The Former Federation council Deputy, Alexey Manannikov, heads its organizing committee. |
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http://www.nns.ru/e-elects/e-persons/gorbach.html
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| | Amazon.com: Books: The Gorbachev Factor |
| | Brown is deservingly sympathetic too Gorbachev's chairmanship of the Novo-Ogarevo Committee (1991), an attempt to call representatives of the independent statehoods to negotiate and compromise state sovereignty and preserve the union. | | | Brown claims Gorbachev acted more like a western politician than any of his predecessors. | | | Six of the fifteen states refused to attend and the ensuing stagnation resulted in Yeltsin's climb in political popularity over Gorbachev and the latter's eventual political demise. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0192880527?v=glance
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| | Gorbachev: 'We All Lost Cold War' (washingtonpost.com) |
| | Mikhail Gorbachev had flown from Moscow to pay respects to Nancy Reagan and to the man with whom he changed the course of history. | | | Reagan had been a kind of reformer in the United States, Gorbachev suggested. | | | "A particularly positive influence on him -- more than anyone else -- was Nancy Reagan," Gorbachev said. |
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http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32927-2004Jun10.html
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| | Gorbachev and Perestroika |
| | So Gorbachev acted like his predecessors while ignoring his own guidelines for greater use of market forces. | | | Given the magnitude of his task, the odds that he will succeed, according to many expert observers, do not seem to be in his favor. | | | The keystone of Gorbachev's reforms is his call for a sharp contraction of the powers of Gosplan and the ministries. |
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http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/gorrev.html
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| | Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | He rose steadily in the regional Communist Party hierarchy until 1978, when he was summoned to Moscow, received an appointment as party agricultural secretary and joined the party's senior ranks. | | | After earning a law degree at Moscow State University, Gorbachev returned to work in Stravropol, located in a major agricultural region. | | | Gorbachev dramatically altered the Kremlin's foreign policy and sought improved relations with the United States. |
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http://www.voice.neu.edu/980622/citations/mgorbachev.html
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| | Gorbachev Reborn |
| | Last August, for example, Gorbachev set foot in his old Kremlin office for the first time in 10 years for a private conversation with the Russian president. | | | A political pariah during the Boris Yeltsin years, Gorbachev is now enjoying renewed popularity and may even be looking to refashion himself as an informal adviser to President Vladimir Putin." | | | Mikhail Gorbachev may be on the comeback trail in his native Russia, meeting with President Vladimir Putin and voicing support for many of his policies, but he's been prominent on the international scene, promoting what amounts to a Marxist version of world government. |
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http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/3/9/145415.shtml
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| | Gorbachev's Lost Legacy |
| | The essential meaning of perestroika for Gorbachev and his supporters was creating and acting on alternatives to failed and dangerous policies at home and abroad. | | | Inside the Soviet Union, it meant replacing the Communist Party's repressive political monopoly with multiparty politics based on democratic elections and an end of censorship (glasnost) and replacing the state's crushing economic monopoly with market relations based on different forms of ownership, including private property. | | | Perestroika, as Gorbachev called his reforms, officially ended with the Soviet Union and his leadership in December 1991. |
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http://www.thenation.com/docprint.mhtml?i=20050314&s=cohen
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| | Salon Obituary Raisa Gorbachev dies at 67 |
| | The two were married in September 1953, and moved to Gorbachev's home region of Stavropol in southern Russia when he graduated in 1955. | | | Gorbachev conceded in his memoirs that even his mother had never liked his wife. | | | But he never left any doubt that Raisa -- his "Raya" -- was the love of his life, his soul mate and partner in both family life and politics. |
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http://www.salon.com/people/obit/1999/09/20/gorbachev/print.html
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| | CBS News Gorbachev Knocks Putin Moves March 2, 2005 05:41:12 |
| | Gorbachev, whose nearly seven years in power ushered in a period of free speech that helped to shed light on the worst excesses of the dictator Josef Stalin, warned that the legacy of Stalinism was a threat that still needed to be combated. | | | Gorbachev was widely reviled after the 1991 Soviet collapse, and when he ran for president in 1996 against the man who replaced him in the Kremlin, Boris Yeltsin, Gorbachev picked up barely 1 percent of the vote. | | | But he criticized Putin's annulment of direct elections for governors and district elections for parliament and said he disagreed with the way the state had conducted the campaign against the Yukos oil company, particularly the arrest of its former CEO, Mikhail Khodorkovsky — though he voiced support for the policy of going after tax cheats. |
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http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/03/01/world/main677477.shtml
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Gorbachev |
| | Gorbachev became General Secretary in 1985 until he resigned as President in 1991, history has been made that will fill countless books for many years to come. | | | Gorbachev's book-length essay of his view of his country and of the world. | | | Gorbachev have another facet; they are absolutely terrifying at times. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0231115156?v=glance
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| | TIME 100: Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | After he stepped down from his position as head of state, many people of course stopped thinking about him, and in Russian history, that in itself is extraordinary. | | | The unusual birthmark on the new General Secretary's forehead, combined with his inexplicably radical actions, gave him a mystical aura. | | | How Gorbachev left power and what he has done since are unique episodes in Russian history, but he could have foreseen his own resignation: he prepared the ground and the atmosphere that made that resignation possible. |
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http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/gorbachev.html
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| | Ron and Mikhail's Excellent Adventure - How Reagan won the Cold War. By Fred Kaplan |
| | Gorbachev needed to move swiftly if his reforms were to take hold. | | | Reagan exerted the pressure that forced him to move swiftly and offered the rewards that made his foes and skeptics in the Politburo think the cutbacks might be worth it. | | | On the one hand, documents reveal that Gorbachev asked Yevgeny Velikhov, his chief science adviser, to evaluate whether Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative, as it was formally called, would pose a threat. |
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http://slate.msn.com/id/2102081
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| | Gorbachev Interview |
| | Both could lead to the death of life. | | | Gorbachev was in New York to address the United Nations Millennium Summit and to preside over the annual gathering of the State of the World Forum. | | | His handshake was a firm, thick-fingered grasp that harkened back to his peasant upbringing. |
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http://www.simulconference.com/clients/sowf/interviews/interview1.html
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| | Gorbachev, Mikhail -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | Gorbachev was also the first general secretary of the Communist party not to have served in the armed forces during World War II. | | | born March 2, 1931, Privolye, Stavropol kray, Russia, U.S.S.R. Mikhail Gorbachev, 1985. | | | His efforts to democratize his country's political system and decentralize its economy led to the downfall of communism and the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9037405?tocId=9037405
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| | Temperament in Revolution: Gorbachev |
| | Gorbachev was promoted by Andropov because of his hard work, loyalty, and they had a geninue friendship. | | | Gorbachev alone was the institigator of change in the Soviet Union, which eventually resulted in his own loss of power. | | | However, to get his man Tikhonov as a candidate member of Poltiburo, Brezhnev needed the support of the other powerful Politburo members, Suslov and Andropov. |
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http://keirsey.com/Gorbachev.html
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| | CNN Cold War - Profile: Mikhail Gorbachev |
| | At the end of the year, Gorbachev was forced to resign as president of a Soviet Union no longer in existence. | | | Throughout his six years in office, Gorbachev always seemed to be moving too fast for the party establishment, which saw its privileges threatened, and too slow for more radical reformers, who hoped to do away with the one-party state and the command economy. | | | A full Politburo member since 1980, Gorbachev became more influential in 1982 when his mentor, Andropov, succeeded Leonid Brezhnev. |
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http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/gorbachev
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| | Gorbachev on Reforms - CDI Russia Weekly #233 |
| | Gorbachev said perestroika and the accompanying policies of glasnost, or "openness," had deep roots in his experience working his way through Communist Party ranks. | | | Gorbachev on Reforms - CDI Russia Weekly #233 | | | Gorbachev said he served in local and regional leadership positions before moving onto the U.S.S.R.'s national stage as a member of the Politburo. |
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http://www.cdi.org/Russia/233-8.cfm
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| | Gorbachev's Plan For A United World |
| | The State of the World According to Gorbachev | | | Remember, his idea of "democratizing" the world eliminates all the human rights guaranteed by the US Constitution. | | | Apparently, Gorbachev and his "council of wise" world leaders just don't understand. |
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http://www.crossroad.to/text/articles/gorb10-95.html
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| | The Mikhail Gorbachev Gateway: State of the World Forum and Green Cross |
| | 1995-2004 - Gorbachev and Cranston in California | | | Gorbachev was describing bitter memories of his resignation as Soviet President a decade ago, the last nail in the coffin of the Soviet Union, and was critical of Yeltsin while praising President Vladimir Putin for his commitment to revive Russia and make it an equal partner of the West. | | | Alan Cranston, for better or worse Despite an ugly end to his career, he says history will remember him kindly After taking $865,000 in the Keating S&L Scandal, Californian Alan Cranston was forced from his U.S. Senate seat in disgrace. |
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http://vikingphoenix.com/politics/statist/marxist/gorbgate.htm
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| | Soviet History, Gorbachev, JRL Debate - JRL 4-12-04 |
| | Sergei Roy seems to think that what Gorbachev read during his years as kraikom first secretary in Stavropol would be known to HIS friends and relatives there. | | | Yet it would not have been prudent for an ambitious party secretary to make public in the Brezhnev years his interest in heterodox writings and ideas. | | | I seriously doubt, though, whether Mr Roy would have enjoyed the freedom he has during that same period had Mikhail Gorbachev, rather than Dmitriy Ustinov, died in December 1984 and had the next two General Secretaries after Chernenko been Viktor Grishin and Grigoriy Romanov (to take the two least implausible candidates). |
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http://www.cdi.org/russia/Johnson/8162-9.cfm
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| | Keep An Eye On Gorbachev |
| | Almost every time we were there Gorbachev was there, complete with his limo and motorcycle bodyguards. | | | Gorbachev is a very charismatic personality and has U.S. officials, along with the public, eating out of his hand. | | | I got a reply the next day which stated that the reason that Gorbachev was at NorthEastern all the time was because the University was the new headquarters of the Gorbachev Foundation and as to my second question they said they could not answer that. |
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http://www.rense.com/general12/gobie.htm
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| | Amazon.ca: Books: Gorbachev |
| | Finally, his hopes of creating a Union of Sovereign States collapsed in the wake of the attempted coup against him in August 1991. | | | Gorbachev is an excellent introduction to Mikhail Gorbachev's rise and fall from power and is written in light of his own uniquely revealing memoirs. | | | Gorbachev was less successful in his attempted re-introduction of a market economy, which only sped up Russia's economic failure and he failure to diffuse the nationalist aspirations of Russia's people brought him down. |
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http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/058243758X
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