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| | Reference.com/Encyclopedia/North German Confederation |
 | | The North German Confederation (German Norddeutscher Bund), a transitional grouping which existed (1867- 1871) between the dissolution of the German Confederation and the founding of the German Empire, cemented Prussian control over the 22 states of Northern Germany and emanated that same control (via the Zollverein) into southern Germany. | | | Confederation stamps were superseded on 1 January 1872 by the first issues of the German Empire. | | | One of the functions of the Confederation was to handle the mail and issue postage stamps, upon which it commenced 1 January 1868. |
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http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/North_German_Confederation
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| | Events |
| | Both duchies were to be admitted to the Zollverein (German Customs Union), headed by Prussia, though Austria was not a member. | | | The confederation was thus from the outset an ally of localism and traditionalism. | | | The North Frisian coat-of-arms with crown, cauldron (Grütztopf) and half a German eagle bearing the bold motto: Liewer dud, as Slaw (Better dead than slave), was to be seen that day on many of the flags waving in the wind. |
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http://www.theodorstorm.co.uk/Life/events.htm
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| | Germany articles and news from Start Learning Now |
| | In Germany, the German Confederation was founded, a loose league of List of German Confederation member states39 sovereign states. | | | The Federal Constitutional Court (Federal Constitutional Court of GermanyBundesverfassungsgericht), also located in Karlsruhe, is the German Supreme Court responsible for constitutional matters, with power of judicial review. | | | Germany is a democratic federal parliamentary nation, made up of 16 federal States of Germanystates (Länder or, more commonly, Bundesländer), which in certain spheres act independently of the Federation. |
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http://www.startlearningnow.com/Germany.htm
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| | International Policing in 19th-Century Europe (by Mathieu Deflem) |
| | Police in the German Confederation during the considered period, indeed, not only had a wide area of competence, but in much of its executive powers it was also unaccountable, needing no approval of any political body (Evans 1987:161-165; von der Groeben 1984:444-446). | | | Modern police institutions were introduced in the German territories in the 15th century with the function of administering all matters concerning the "politeia", the constitution of town or state. | | | In the 17th-century German states, this concept of administrative power, referred to as "good police" (gute Policey), concerned the observance and furtherance of all aspects of public life that concerned the population's happiness (Glückseligkeit), as well as the elimination of dangers that might threaten public or individual well-being. |
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http://www.cas.sc.edu/socy/faculty/deflem/zverold.htm
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| | List of reference tables |
| | Past Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States | | | List of Judicial Committees of the Privy Council & House of Lords cases; | | | List of law schools in the United States |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/list_of_reference_tables
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| | German Confederation: Information From Answers.com |
| | The strong reactionary influence of the Austrian statesman Metternich, backed by Prussia, dominated the confederation until 1848, when the liberal revolutions that swept Germany resulted in the creation of the Frankfurt Parliament. | | | The German Confederation (German: Deutscher Bund) was a loose association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to organize the surviving states of the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806. | | | All the constituent states of the German Confederation became part of the German Empire in 1871, except Austria, Luxembourg, Limburg, and Liechtenstein. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/german-confederation
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| | Infoplease Search: german aerospace center |
| | (Encyclopedia) North German Confederation, 1867–71, alliance of 22 German states N of the Main River. | | | (Biographies - U.S. Congress) GERMAN, Obadiah (1766—1842) Senate Years of Service: 1809-1815 Party: Democratic Republican... | | | (Encyclopedia) German Volga Republic, former autonomous republic of the USSR, c.18,000 sq mi (46,600 sq km), along... |
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http://www.infoplease.com/search?fr=iptn&query=German+Aerospace+Center&in=all
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| | German - definition of German in Encyclopedia |
| | From or related to Germany or its predecessor states- see also | | | The name 'German' is (not precisely) sometimes also used for the various peoples that lived in Germany and other parts of Central Europe during Antiquity or during the period of the Holy Roman Empire. | | | Federal Republic of Germany (1990-present), German Bundesrepublik Deutschland (BRD); Eastern and Western Germany have been united since the German reunification in 1990. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/German
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| | Site Contents at the free Online Encyclopedia. |
| | In a household, clothes hangers are the single one item that you own the most of, yet no one can name even one brand? | | | List of British TV shows remade for the American market | | | List of British place names and their meanings |
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http://www.onlineencyclopedia.org/index_184.html
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| | Bundestag (Germany) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | While the modern parliament is elected by the people, the Bundestag of the German Confederation was appointed by the various princes and the governments of the free cities. | | | With the dissolution of the German Confederation in 1866 and the founding of the German Empire in 1871, the Reichstag was established as the German parliament in Berlin, and the current parliament building was erected. | | | With the new constitution of 1949, the Bundestag was established as the new (West) German parliament. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundestag
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| | Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The small Thuringian state was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866. | | | The small Thuringian state was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815. | | | The small Thuringian state was a member state of the German Confederation until 1866. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Former_countries_in_Europe_after_1815
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Centre Party |
| | The programme declares the guiding-stars of its activity to be: (1) the preservation of the constitutional principle of the empire as a confederation of states, viz. | | | In 1881, when the party had twenty-three mandates, it adopted a new constitution, and recognized in their entirety the principles of the Centre Party of the German Reichstag as its own. | | | The Patriotic Party, however, later acquiesced in the reorganization of the relations of the German states, and did not refuse its consent to the extension of the competence of the German Empire. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16020b.htm
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| | soc.culture.swiss FAQ |
| | March 1997 The Swiss Confederation announces the creation of a generic 7 billion SFr with an estimated 500 M yearly revenue whose beneficiaries will be any persecuted or otherwise minorized group, half of which going to Swiss people. | | | Also note that Swiss genealogy is mostly discussed in the newsgroup soc.genealogy.german (don't be afraid of the ``german'':-)) As a general advice, please consult the newsgroup news.announce.newusers and follow the discussion in soc.culture.swiss for some time before your first posting. | | | Children born of unmarried parents may apply for ``facilitated Swiss citizenship'', provided that the father is Swiss and the child has been living is Switzerland or with his father for 1 year, and the child is under 22. |
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http://www.faqs.org/faqs/swiss/faq
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| | Confederation of the Rhine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In the years that followed, twenty-three more German states joined the Confederation; his Habsburg dynasty would rule the remainder of the empire as Austria. | | | The Confederation of the Rhine or Rhine Confederation (Rheinbund in German; in French officially États confédérés du Rhin but in practice Confédération du Rhin) lasted from 1806 to 1813 and was formed from sixteen German states by Napoleon after he defeated Habsburg's Francis II and Russia's Alexander I in the Battle of Austerlitz. | | | On 12 July 1806, on signing the Rheinbundakte' — the Treaty of the Confederation of the Rhine — sixteen states in present Germany formally left the Holy Roman Empire and joined together in a confederation (the treaty called it the états confédérés du Rhin). |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine
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| | Germany, the German Confederation |
| | The "German Confederation" established by the Congress (which makes it sound like the successor of Napoleon's "Confederation of the Rhine"), with exactly the same boundaries as the Empire of 1648, had even less power than the state that, according to Voltaire, was neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire. | | | The Holy Roman Empire of 1648 contained 234 territorial units, with 51 Free Cities, and multiple ecclesiastical states, like the great Archbishoprics of Salzburg, Magdeburg, and Trier and the Bishopric of Münster. | | | Bohemia was acquired and created a Kingdom by the German Emperors, perhaps with the sense that it was still in some sense external to East Francia; and the Margrave of Brandenburg became the King of Prussia, far outside the Empire. |
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http://www.friesian.com/deutsch.htm
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| | Time traveller's guide to Napoleon's Empire |
| | Instead, the Congress of Vienna in 1815 establishes a new German Confederation, the Deutsches Bund. | | | The Confederation initially consists of 10 members, increasing to 30 by 1808 and including virtually all the various German states, with the exceptions of Austria and Prussia. | | | The short-lived Confederation will prove to be another stimulus along the long road to eventual German unification. |
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http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/guide18/timeline21.html
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| | Germany -> History on Encyclopedia.com 2002 |
| | The German states were loosely linked in the German Confederation, set up by the congress. | | | The chief theater of the war, Germany was reduced to misery and starvation, lost a large part of its population, and became, as a result of the Peace of Westphalia (1648; see Westphalia, Peace of), a loose confederation of petty principalities under the nominal suzerainty of the emperor. | | | By the Congress of Vienna (see Vienna, Congress of) the German map was redrawn in 1814-15, eliminating many petty states and expanding Prussia and Bavaria. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/section/germany_history.asp
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| | Historical Text Archive: E-Books : Austria-Hungary and Poland,...: 24: The Reformation Period |
| | In Poland the bishops and most of the Catholic magnates were for an Austrian archduke, while the strongly anti- German szlachta were inclined to accept almost any candidate but a German, so long as he came with a gift in his hand and was not a Muscovite. | | | By the advice of his senators he summoned a zjazd, or armed convention, to WiÂlica openly to oppose the insurrection of Sandomir, which zjazd was to be the first step towards the formation of a general confederation for the defence of the throne. | | | Civil war seemed inevitable, when the szlachta of Red Russia and Sieradz suddenly rallied to the king, who at once ordered his army to advance, and after defeating the insurrectionists at Janowiec (in October), granted them a full pardon, on the sole condition that they should refrain from all such acts of rebellion in future. |
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http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?op=viewbook&bookid=2&cid=24
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| | Swiss Genealogy on the Internet : Swiss history |
| | The antagonism between the Swiss Protestants and their Catholic neighbours in the German lands led to a sense of alienation from, and then to a gradual breach between the Confederation and the Empire, which was formalised in 1648 after the Thirty Years' War. | | | The Collapse of the Old Confederation in 1798 and the Long March to the New Federal State of 1848 | | | The Reformation split the Swiss Confederation into two camps, led respectively by a league of Catholic cantons (one third of the population) and the Protestant cities with their municipal rights. |
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http://www.eye.ch/swissgen/history.html
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| | Centre Party (Germany) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The party was also hurt by a declaration of the German bishops that, while maintaining their opposition to Nazi ideology, lifted the ban on cooperation with the new authorities. | | | In the subsequent elections, the Centre Party campaigned on two fronts, against both the Papen government and National Socialists and reaffirmed their stance as the "constitution party" opposed to "any measure contrary to consitution, justice and law" and "unwilling to yield to terror". | | | This became appearant in the "septennat dispute" of 1886. |
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http://www.bexley.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Catholic_Centre_Party
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| | Germany |
| | The North German Confederation, created in 1867, was abolished, and the Second German Reich, consisting of the North and South German states, was born. | | | German Confederation - German Confederation, 1815–66, union of German states provided for at the Congress of Vienna... | | | In free elections, West German voters gave a majority in the Constituent Assembly to the Christian Democrats, with the Social Democrats largely making up the opposition. |
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http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0107568.html
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| | Decorations of the States of the German Empire |
| | The Congress of Vienna in 1815 formed a new confederation of these states, known as the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund). | | | The German Empire (Deutsches Reich) was founded in 1871 in the wake of the victory over France by the Prussians and their German allies (or satellites, if you will) in the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund), and in southern Germany. | | | The Treaty of Paris in 1814 recognized the surviving German states as independents. |
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http://home.att.net/~david.danner/militaria/states.htm
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| | German Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Finally, France was defeated in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71); the Confederation was transformed into the Empire with the proclamation of Prussian King Wilhelm I as German Emperor at the Palace of Versailles, to the humiliation of the French. | | | The term German Empire commonly refers to Germany, from its consolidation as a unified nation-state on January 18, 1871, until the abdication of Kaiser (Emperor) Wilhelm II on November 9, 1918. | | | German colonial efforts from 1884 brought only a small overseas empire compared to those of Britain and France, although in the Herero Wars it shared the with those empires the phenomenon of armed conflict between natives and colonials. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Empire
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| | AllRefer.com - North German Confederation (German History) - Encyclopedia |
| | Dominated by Prussia, it replaced the German Confederation and included the states that had supported Prussia in the Austro-Prussian War (1866). | | | The South German states, notably Bavaria, Baden, WUrttemberg, and the grand duchy of Hesse, though excluded from the confederation, were nevertheless closely bound to it through their membership in the Zollverein. | | | North German Confederation, 1867–71, alliance of 22 German states N of the Main River. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/N/NorthGer.html
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| | North German Confederation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | North German Federation (in German, Norddeutscher Bund), came into existence in 1867, following the dissolution of the German Confederation. | | | The states were represented in the Bundesrat (Federal Council) with 43 seats (of which Prussia held 17), while the people elected the Norddeutscher Reichstag (North German Diet). | | | Federation stamps were superseded on 1 January 1872 by the first issues of the German Empire. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_German_Confederation
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| | Germany |
| | According to the Constitution of the North German Confederation, "The Crown of Prussia is entitled to the Presidency of the Confederation" (Präsidium des Bundes). | | | According to the Charter of the German Confederation, "Austria has the chair in the Federal Assembly." Although the Charter does not use the term, this chairmanship is officially styled Präsidium or Bundespräsidium; it is ambiguous whether this style refers to the person or office of the Emperor of Austria. | | | DBD = Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands (Democratic Peasant Party of Germany, |
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http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Germany.html
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| | Otto von Bismarck: The Iron Chancellor of Germany |
| | When the democratic revolution in the central Europe was defeated, Bismarck, despite his archconservative ideas, was not willing to maintain the status quo according to which Austria preserved its hegemony in the German Confederation. | | | Under the "Iron Chancellor", Otto von Bismarck, Germany grew from a loose confederation of weak states to a unified powerful empire. | | | As a result, according to the Peace of Nikolsburg, Hanover, Hesse-Kassel, Nassau, and Frankfurt were annexed to German confederation. |
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http://www.germanculture.com.ua/library/weekly/aa092000a.htm
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Centre Party |
| | The programme declares the guiding-stars of its activity to be: (1) the preservation of the constitutional principle of the empire as a confederation of states, viz. | | | In 1881, when the party had twenty-three mandates, it adopted a new constitution, and recognized in their entirety the principles of the Centre Party of the German Reichstag as its own. | | | Of the 397 members of the German Reichstag, the Centre claimed 63 in 1871; 93 in 1877; 94 in 1878; 100 in 1881; 99 in 1884; 98 in 1887; 106 in 1890; 96 in 1893; 102 in 1898; 100 in 1903; 109 in 1907; 92 in 1912. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16020b.htm
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| | Glossary of Organisations: Ge |
| | The Confederation was an association of feudal-absolutist German states; it helped to prolong the political and economic disunity of Germany. | | | A Socialist party formed at a Congress of Social-Democrats from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, held in Eisenach between August 7 and 9, 1869, where they became known as the Eisenachers. | | | In May 1875 (at the Gotha Congress) the party united with the General German Workers' Union to form the Socialist Worker's Party of Germany. |
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http://www.marx.org/glossary/orgs/g/e.htm
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