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| Â | French language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Overall about 22% of Canadians speak French as a first language and 18% are bilingual. | | | About 12% of the world's francophones are Canadian, and French is one of Canada's two official languages, with English; various provisions of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms deal with the right of Canadians to access services in English and French all across Canada. | | | The earliest extant text in French is the Oaths of Strasbourg from 842; Old French became a literary language with the chansons de geste that told tales of the paladins of Charlemagne and the heroes of the Crusades. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language
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| Â | French-Canadian Genealogical Research in Houghton County, Michigan |
| | According to a plaque at St. Joseph's church, he was known as the "Father of the French Canadians of Lake Superior." He earned this title because he offered jobs to immigrants from Québec. | | | Houghton, the county seat, had many French Canadians, as did its sister village of Hancock. | | | French Canadians and their children began to migrate from Houghton County to seek better jobs in the industrial areas of Michigan's lower peninsula and in neighboring states. |
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http://habitant.org/houghton/fcgenealogy.htm
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| Â | Quebec South |
| | Other immigrants would arrive to work at the mills, but in cities like Lowell and Fall River, Massachusetts, Lewiston, Maine, and Manchester, New Hampshire, French Canadians would be dominant (see map). | | | Even more than other groups, French Canadians came to occupy a space between two nations: keeping up ties with both, reluctant to abandon their birth place, and with one of the lowest naturalization rates of any immigrant group. | | | French-Canadians in the U.S. "The Americans may say with truth," Canadian social critic Gordon Smith observed a century ago, "that if they do not annex Canada they are annexing the Canadians." In the last three decades of the nineteenth century, English- and French-speaking Canadians went south to the United States in unprecedented numbers. |
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http://www.duke.edu/~mahealey/quebec_south.htm
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| Â | French Canadian Emigration to the United States, 1840-1930 - Readings - Quebec History |
| | Franco-Ontarians frequently moved to Michigan and Illinois while Franco-Manitobans and other Western French Canadians often opted for Minnesota and Wisconsin. | | | In fact, it would be normal to consider that French Canadians, who only find their language and religion dominant in a part of the continent, would be the least likely to engage in the migration process. | | | The classic pronouncement on this issue was in 1881, by Carroll D. Wright, Head of the Bureau of Statistics of Labor for Massachusetts who wrote that French Canadians were "the Chinese of the Eastern States" who had no interest in the American social and political institutions. |
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http://www2.marianopolis.edu/quebechistory/readings/leaving.htm
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| Â | The French Community in Albuquerque, New Mexico |
| | After the Civil War the number of French-Canadians arriving in the United States increased dramatically and by 1900 there were over 134,000 French-Canadians in Massachusetts alone. | | | Because French immigration to Louisiana was restricted to Roman Catholics, French Protestants (Huguenots) tended to settle in English colonies. | | | French emigration to America resumed in the mid-nineteenth century with political refugees fleeing the failed 1848 French revolution. |
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http://www.abqarts.org/cultural/survey/french-cs.htm
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| Â | Quebec Nationalism - Quebec History |
| | French Canadians were not only a nation, they were a vast working class people dominated by Anglo-American capital. | | | Only after long and protracted battles was French accepted on the stamps of Canada or on its currency, both symbols of the bicultural and bilingual nature of the country; meanwhile, few French Canadians rose in the civil service or in the army, and discrimination was rampant. | | | These were the legal [French civil law], familial [large family, traditional role of the mother] or institutional elements [seigneurial system, classical colleges, co-operative movement] that characterised the nation and had to be preserved if the nation was to last. |
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http://www2.marianopolis.ca/quebechistory/events/natpart3.htm
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| Â | NodeWorks - Encyclopedia: French Canadian |
| | It took the 1774 Quebec Act for them to regain the French civil law system, and in 1791 French Canadians in Lower Canada were introduced to the British parliamentary system when an elected Legislative Assembly was created. | | | Many French Canadians are the descendants of the King's Daughters of this era. | | | With the exception of the Acadians who have a distinct shared history, most French Canadians find their ancestry among agriculturalists from France who colonized the area that is now Québec during Canada's colonial period starting in the 17th century. |
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http://pedia.nodeworks.com/F/FR/FRE/French_Canadian
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| Â | uni.ca - History of Quebec nationalism |
| | French Canadians inside Québec (not Québec itself) are a nation within Canada, plain and simple (see definition, words page). | | | What citizens concerned about Canadian unity must understand is what underlies the strategy of the separatists, for it is shared by a vast majority of French Canadians. | | | French has status of official language in the Parliaments of Ottawa and Québec, and before Federal and Québec courts. |
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http://www.uni.ca/history.html
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| Â | French Canadian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | It took the 1774 Quebec Act for them to regain the French civil law system, and in 1791 French Canadians in Lower Canada were introduced to the British parliamentary system when an elected Legislative Assembly was created. | | | With the exception of the Acadians who have a distinct shared history, most French Canadians find their ancestry among agriculturalists from France who colonized the area that is now Quebec during Canada's colonial period starting in the 17th century. | | | The Acadians of New Brunswick and Métis are not classified as French Canadians, but as distinct francophone peoples. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French-Canadian
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| Â | ESPN.com - Sale, Pelletier share gold with Russian pair |
| | Ottavio Cinquanta, head of the International Skating Union, said judge Marie-Reine Le Gougne of France told the ISU she was under "a certain pressure" to vote for the Russians, leaving the Canadians with silver. | | | French federation president Didier Gailhaguet denied the federation put pressure on Le Gougne, who had checked out of her hotel in Salt Lake City. | | | SALT LAKE CITY -- The Canadians got their gold after all, not on the ice but in a late-night deal struck in a hotel suite. |
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http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/winter02/figure/news?id=1333280
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| Â | The Prime Ministers of Canada |
| | He is the "forgotten Prime Minister." He was PM during the 50's, a time when Canadians were generally quite content, and there wasn't much going on in the world. | | | The nature of the office of Prime Minister is quite different from that of the American Presidency. | | | Mackenzie was elected Prime Minister after MacDonald resigned in 1873, but was later voted out when MacDonald regained his popularity. |
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http://www.filibustercartoons.com/canguide_1_pm_bio.php
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| Â | CBC News Indepth: The Royal Family |
| | The Monegasque monarch is head of state and may appoint a minister of state from a list of three candidates selected by the French government. | | | Some Canadians question the relevance of the Queen's position in Canada, in part because the nominal leader of Canada lives in another country and her position passes down to her descendants. | | | In a poll of Canadians taken in the spring of 2002, more than half of respondents thought the royal system was outdated. |
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http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/royals
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| Â | American-French Genealogical Society: Links |
| | French Canadians in the 1842 Oregon Census -- List of French Canadians in Oregon census of 1842, often ignored or left out of contemporary listings. | | | French Canadian Ancestry Groups in the United States according to the 1990 Census- Map Located at Minnesota Department of Administration | | | French Canadian-Acadian Genealogists of Wisconsin -- Founded in 1982, the FCGW fosters and encourages interest and research in French Canadian and Acadian genealogy, heritage and culture. |
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http://www.afgs.org/genepges.html
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| Â | Untitled Document |
| | I can testify to that, as a non-francophone member who was elected by a majority of French speaking constituents and by members of ethnic communities. | | | However, as I said in my speech, he had asked for unanimous consent for a vote and this was denied by a parliamentary secretary. | | | In 1988, under another government, a senior official of the Department of External Affairs wrote to the Ottawa school board to object to the mention of the Armenian genocide in school textbooks. |
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http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/cragsite/ResolutionsAndDeclarations/DebateOnResolution18.htm
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| Â | French Canadian Nationalism |
| | Economic and political themes became central and, particularly after 1960, the province of Québec became principal supporter of the French Canadian collectivity, or at least of those French Canadians (about 80% of the Canadian total) living within Québec. | | | The failure of the Meech Lake Accord stimulated a vigorous renaissance of French-Canadian nationalism as many Quebeckers concluded that constitutional renewal was impossible. | | | It signified fighting for recognition of French and Catholic rights at CONFEDERATION, notably within Québec, and later in the English-speaking provinces in the face of attempts to abolish French or Roman Catholic schools ( see MANITOBA SCHOOLS QUESTION). |
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http://www.canadianencyclopedia.ca/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&ArticleId=A0003061
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| Â | Canadian dollar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Since about 85 per cent of Canada's external trade is with the United States, Canadians are mainly interested in the value of their currency against the United States dollar (USD). | | | In French, the currency is also called le dollar; Canadian French slang terms include piastre or piasse (equivalent to "buck," but the original word used in eighteenth-century French to translate "dollar") and huard (equivalent to "loonie"), since huard is French for "loon", the animal appearing on the coin. | | | The Canadian dollar fell considerably after 1960, and this contributed to Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's defeat in the 1963 election. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_dollar
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| Â | ESPN.com - Russian figure skating head criticizes decision |
| | The International Skating Union said Friday it uncovered misconduct by a French judge and awarded the Canadians a second gold. | | | The controversy has received wide attention in the Russian press, whose coverage has been tinged with just a touch of bitterness over what is perceived in Russia as the Canadians' unwillingness to accept defeat gracefully, and over allegations the Russians may somehow have exerted pressure on some of the judges. | | | Silver finishers Jamie Sale and David Pelletier of Canada contested the judges' 5-4 vote in favor of the Russian skaters Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze. |
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http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/winter02/figure/news?id=1333370
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| Â | Nationalism |
| | Canadians are acutely aware that when they enter the United States, that while they can pretend to be USAmericans, they do not have all the rights of US citizens, including the right to live, work and travel in the United States without restriction. | | | Canadian historian George Woodcock notes it in this manner, "Canadians make up for their physical weakness by assuming an air of moral superiority towards the Americans, not unlike that which Scots assumed towards the English". | | | Canadians can retain all the positive aspects of the Canadian identities that exist across the land, and move beyond the rather negative ones that have been constructed to contrast themselves from USAmericans. |
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http://www.unitednorthamerica.org/antination.htm
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| Â | French Canadian - Open Encyclopedia |
| | It took the 1774 Quebec Act for them to regain the French civil law system, and in 1791 French Canadians in Lower Canada were introduced to the British parliamentarism system when an elected Legislative Assembly was created. | | | This is, in fact, offensive to many Canadians of French descent. | | | The Acadians and Métis are not classified as French Canadians, but as distinct francophone peoples. |
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http://open-encyclopedia.com/French-Canadian
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| Â | French Community |
| | Windham's French-Canadian Community Descriptive overview of the history of French-Canadians who immigrated from Quebec, and the St. Jean Baptiste Society. | | | French Cultural Association Provides the Georgetown community with resources and activities associated with French culture. | | | The Greenwich Village French Bulldog Association Faithfully serving French Bulldogs in downtown New York City since 2000. |
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http://www.serebella.com/encyclopedia/article-French_Community.html
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| Â | Genealogy - Acadian and French Canadian |
| | There are French-speaking Canadians all over Canada, and there are descendants of French-Canadians all over the world. | | | Acadians are descendants of the French settlers of Nova Scotia in the early 17th century. | | | Descendants of the French pioneers who settled in Nova Scotia in the early 1600s now live all over the world, scattered by the Dispersion of 1755. |
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http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/lwjones
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| Â | French Canadian Genealogy Research |
| | A Quebec beyond its frontiers: The emigration of french canadians to new England, 1850-1930 - Claude Bélanger | | | The French Canadians of Michigan: Their Contribution to the Development of the Saginaw Valley and the Keweenaw Peninsula, 1840-1914 - Jean Lamarre | | | Minnesota Genealogical Society - Golden Valley MN NW Territory, Canadian and French Heritage Center - Golden Valley MN New England |
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http://www.happyones.com/genealogy/research.html
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| Â | Canadian Relocation Systems, Quebec - Information |
| | Under the leadership of such men as Papineau, Louis Lafontaine, Henri Bourassa, and the abbé Lionel Groulx, the province evolved its special vocation as the "political home" of French-Canadians, and the government assumed responsibility for the defense of French culture. | | | Judges are appointed by the federal government, but Quebec's civil law follows the French continental model. | | | Canada's National Theatre School, located in Montreal, promotes both traditional and modern French, English, and bilingual theatre, and Quebec city is a centre for the film industry. |
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http://www.relocatecanada.com/provinceinfo/queinfo.html
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| Â | French Colonies - Saint-Pierre and Miquelon |
| | The present population is descended largely from French Canadians who were expelled by the British from Newfoundland and Acadia in the 18th century. | | | The islands send a deputy and a senator to the French Parliament. | | | The islands voted in 1958 to retain their status as a territory of France, but the French government decided to make them a department of France, and this change was given final approval by the French Senate on July 9, 1976. |
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http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/St-Pierre_Miquelon.shtml
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| Â | Guyanese Independence Day |
| | A question for all Canadians whose main linguistic bloodline is neither English nor French is to know what legitimacy their country attaches to their particular language or languages. | | | Canadians of Guyanese origin are part of a long-established, respected cultural community. | | | As we prepare for the 21st century, Canadians must rise to the challenges of constantly evolving economic, social, technological, environmental and demographic issues. |
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http://www.david-kilgour.com/mp/guyanind.htm
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| Â | Quebec nationalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | However, the use of the expression la nation canadienne (the Canadian nation) by French Canadians is a reality of the 1800s as far as we know from historical records. | | | Although it was still defended and promoted up until the beginning of the 20th century, the French-Canadian liberal nationalism born out of the American and French revolutions began to decline in the 1840s, gradually being replaced by both a more moderate liberal nationalism and the ultramontanism of the powerful Catholic clergy. | | | From 1783 to the late 1830s the world witnessed the creation of many new national states with the birth of the United States of America, the French Republic, |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec_nationalism
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| Â | National Symbols |
| | Its popularity with French Canadians continued, and was reinforced when, at the inaugural meeting of the Société Saint-Jean-Baptiste in 1834, the maple leaf was one of numerous emblems proposed to represent the society. | | | In 1858, in reaction to the great rebellion in India, Canada offered to raise this regiment to serve in the regular British Army. | | | The committee sought the comments of the College of Arms in London, England, and in April 1920 received a stern rebuke. |
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http://www.fraser.cc/FlagsCan/Nation/NatSym.html
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