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| | French Fifth Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The Fifth Republic is the fifth and current republican constitution of France, which was introduced on October 5, 1958. | | | The Fifth Republic, with a president with significant official functions and a great political clout, is sometimes criticized as being "monarchic". | | | French presidents, as in preceding constitutions, were given a long term (7 years, now reduced to 5 years) and currently still have more internal power than most of their European counterparts in parliamentary democracies. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic
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| | French Third Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The French Third Republic, (in French, La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) (1870/75-10 July 1940) was the governing body of France between the Second French Empire and the Fourth Republic. | | | The Third Republic survived the First World War, having found allies to support it against Germany. | | | Instead a "temporary" republic was established, pending the death of the elderly childless Chambord and the succession of his more liberal heir, the Comte de Paris. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Third_Republic
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| | French Third Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The French Third Republic, (in French, Troisième Republique, sometimes written as IIIème Republique) (1870/75-10 July 1940) was the governing body of France between the Second French Empire and the Fourth Republic. | | | When France was finally liberated, few called for the restoration of the Third Republic, and a Constituent Assembly was established in 1946 to draft a constitution for a successor, established as the Fourth Republic that December. | | | The Third Republic survived the First World War, having found allies to support it against Germany. |
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http://www.peekskill.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Third_Republic
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| | French Fourth Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | It was the period when the French were under France's fourth republican constitution. | | | Right-wing elements in the French Army, led by General Jacques Massu seized power in Algiers and threatened to conduct a parachute assault on Paris unless Charles de Gaulle, the WWII hero, was placed in charge of the Republic. | | | France adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on October 13, 1946. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Fourth_Republic
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| | French Fourth Republic |
| | It was the period when the French were under France's fourth republican constitution. | | | France adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on October 13, 1946. | | | These changes were introduced and the Fifth Republic was born. |
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http://www.1-free-software.com/en/wikipedia/f/fr/french_fourth_republic.html
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| | Michel Debre - Britannica Concise |
| | Debré, Michel - French political leader, a close aide of President Charles de Gaulle; after playing a prominent part in the writing of the constitution of the Fifth Republic, he served as its first premier. | | | Pompidou, Georges (-Jean-Raymond) - French statesman, bank director, and teacher who was premier of the Fifth French Republic from 1962 to 1968 and president from 1969 until his death. | | | Debré was the primary author of the constitution of the Fifth Republic and served (1959-62) as its first premier. |
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http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9362382
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| | France: Third Republic (1870-1940) |
| | After the disaster of Sedan (2 September 1870) and the capitulation of the Emperor and the whole French army, the Republic was proclaimed in Paris without violence on 4 September 1870. | | | (The President of the Republic shall be elected by the Senate and the Chamber.) The Wallon amendment was adopted by one vote of majority (353/352). | | | The executive power should be exercised by the President of the Republic, irresponsible, elected for seven years by the Congress (Deputies and Senators). |
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http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/fr_third.html
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| | Georges Pompidou -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | French statesman, bank director, and teacher who was premier of the Fifth French Republic from 1962 to 1968 and president from 1969 until his death. | | | French lawyer and politician, premier (1952, 1955–56), and a prominent Gaullist during the Fifth Republic. | | | French statesman Jacques-Lucien-Jean Delors was president of the European Communities (EC) Commission from 1985 to 1994. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9060757
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| | Excerpts from the Constitution of the Fifth French Republic |
| | The President of the Republic may, after consultation with the Prime Minister and the Presidents of the Assemblies, declare the dissolution of the National Assembly. | | | The President of the Republic shall appoint the Prime Minister. | | | The President of the Republic shall be elected by an absolute majority of the votes cast. |
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http://www.uiowa.edu/~c030040/frconst.htm
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| | Marie-Edme-Patrice-Maurice, count de Mac-Mahon -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | French diplomat and economist Maurice Couve de Murville served a record term as foreign minister, from 1958 to 1968. | | | During his presidency the Third Republic took shape, the new constitutional laws of 1875 were adopted, and important precedents were established affecting the relationship between executive and legislative powers. | | | The Arab pirate Barbarossa besieged and captured the place in 1535, and in 1558 it was sacked by corsairs. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9049594
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| | French Fifth Republic - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia |
| | The Fifth Republic emerged from the ashes of the French Fourth Republic, replacing a weak and factional parliamentary government with a stronger, more centralized democracy. | | | The Fifth Republic is the period of the fifth and current republican constitution of France, which was introduced on October 5, 1958. | | | The impetus behind the creation of the Fifth Republic was the Algerian Crisis. |
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http://encyclopedia.learnthis.info/f/fr/french_fifth_republic.html
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| | Charles de Gaulle |
| | He was the author of the Constitution of the Fifth French Republic, and the Fifth Republic's first president from 1958 to 1969. | | | He used this opportuity to rewrite the constitution, in a referendum in September 83% of those who voted supported the new constitution and the creation of the Fifth Republic. | | | After the war he served briefly as the President of the provisional government from October 1945 but resigned in January 1946, impatient with the speed of progress and disapproving of the constitution for the Fourth Republic. |
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http://faculty.ucc.edu/egh-damerow/charles_de_gaulle.htm
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| | French_Republic |
| | The constitution of the Fifth Republic was approved by public referendum on September 28 1958. | | | The Second Republic ended when the late Emperor's nephew, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte was elected President and proclaimed a Second Empire in 1852. | | | The French Republic is furthermore a member of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) and of the Indian Ocean Commission (COI), and an associate member of the Association of Caribbean States (ACS). |
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http://www.freecaviar.com/search.php?title=French_Republic
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| | Stuart Basten |
| | For the French Third Republic, education played a major role, but the motives were consolidation of the bourgeois state first, with social reform at best a secondary issue; at worst an unconscious and serendipitous side-effect. | | | The education reforms of the French Third Republic were based on the concept of consolidation of the state which by its bourgeois nature, is consolidation of the bourgeoisie. | | | The education reforms of the French Third Republic (1870-1914) were undoubtedly successful in terms of consolidation and giving the impression of social reform. |
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http://www.brooklynonline.com/mybrooklyn/basten
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Louis-Adolphe Thiers |
| | French statesman and historian, first president of the Third French Republic, b. | | | After having contributed by his historical works to the prestige of Napoleon I and by his vote to the election of the future Napoleon III to the presidency of the Republic, he became the adversary of the Empire. | | | Thiers became a member of the French Academy in 1834 and between 1830 and 1840 was several times minister under the July Monarchy. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14635b.htm
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| | French Second Republic biography .ms |
| | It is counted as the second republic because the government during the French Revolution is counted as the first, although the revolutionary government is more often discussed as three periods: the National Convention, the Directory, and the Consulate. | | | Were they to remain faithful to their original principles, as Lamartine wished, and accept the decision of the country as supreme, or were they, as the revolutionaries under Ledru-Rollin claimed, to declare the republic of Paris superior to the universal suffrage of an insufficiently educated people? | | | The French Second Republic (often simply Second Republic) was the republican regime of France from February 25, 1848 to December 2, 1852. |
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http://second-republic.biography.ms
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| | Caribbean.html |
| | In 1958, Guadeloupe voted in favor of the new Constitution of the French Fifth Republic and remained an Overseas Department of the French Republic. | | | In 1958, Martinique voted in favor of the new Constitution and the French Fifth Republic and thus remained an Overseas Department of the French Republic. | | | French allies from Martinique aided the Caribs in a revolt in 1795. |
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http://www-personal.umich.edu/~myra/Caribbean.html
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| | Third French Republic |
| | The French Third Republic, sometimes written as the IIIrd Republic (1870-1940), was the governing body of France between the Second Empire and the Fourth Republic. | | | The Republic was also rocked by a series of crises, none more famous that the Dreyfus Affair, in which it was alleged that a Jewish officer in the French Army was a German spy. | | | Instead a "temporary" republic was established, pending the death of the elderly childless Chambord and the succession of his more liberal heir, the Comte de Paris. |
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http://faculty.ucc.edu/egh-damerow/third_french_republic.htm
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| | Politics of France |
| | A popular referendum approved the constitution of the French Fifth Republic on September 28, 1958, greatly strengthening the authority of the presidency and the executive in relation to Parliament. | | | The most distinctive feature of the French judicial system is that it is divided into the Constitutional Council and the Council of State. | | | Under the Third and Fourth[?] Republics, France had a Westminister system style of government, with an executive in effect chosen by and answerable to, parliament. |
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http://www.fastload.org/po/Politics_of_France.html
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| | A History of the French Senate: The Third Republic 1870–1940 |
| | This two-part study uncovers the French Senate and examines its evolution from keystone of the compromise that created the Republic in 1875 to its consecration as the chambre de la décentralisation in 2003. | | | Volume One examines the place of the Senate in the Third Republic, from its uncertain beginnings to its presence at the forefront of political life in the 1930s, a prominence that would cost the Senate dear after the Liberation. | | | We are ushered into the world of local notables, wielding influence as a result of family connection, property or liberal profession, who acted as a counterbalance to the mass politics of the Republic, as exemplified by the socialist and communist parties. |
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http://www.mellenpress.com/mellenpress.cfm?bookid=6274&pc=9
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| | French Revolution - Encyclopedia of Political Information |
| | While France was to oscillate among republic, empire, and monarchy for 75 years after the First Republic fell to a coup by Napoleon Bonaparte, the revolution nonetheless spelled a definitive end to the ancien régime. | | | On November 9, 1799 (18 Brumaire of the Year VIII) Napoleon staged the coup which installed the Consulate; this effectively led to his dictatorship and eventually to his proclamation as emperor, which brought to a close the specifically republican phase of the French Revolution. | | | On September 21, 1792 monarchy was abolished and a republic declared. |
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http://www.politicalinformation.net/encyclopedia/French_Revolution.htm
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| | Second French Empire - Free Encyclopedia |
| | The Second French Empire or Second Empire was the imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second republic and the Third Republic, in France. | | | On the one hand the Catholics were agitating throughout all Europe to obtain the independence of the papal territory; and the French republicans were protesting, on the other hand, against the abandonment of those revolutionary traditions, the revival of which they had hailed so enthusiastically. | | | But though the opposition represented by Thiers was rather constitutional than dynastic, there was another and irreconcilable opposition, that of the amnestied or voluntarily exiled republicans, of whom Victor Hugo was the eloquent mouthpiece. |
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http://strategygames.wacklepedia.com/s/se/second_french_empire.html
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| | Abramson et al, "Third-Party and Independent Candidates in American Politics." |
| | However, the six popular vote elections of the French Fifth Republic provide insights about the effects of direct popular vote election. | | | And there are great differences between the American republic that has been politically stable since 1865 and the French republic in which civilian leaders abandoned power in the face of a threatened military coup as recently as 1958. | | | In 1962, the Fifth Republic adopted direct presidential elections in a referendum approved by only 62 percent of the voters, and by only 46 percent of those registered to vote. |
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http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/2897/psabra.html
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| | Albert, 4e duke de Broglie -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | French statesman and man of letters who served twice as head of the government during the early crucial years of the Third French Republic but failed to prepare the way for the return of a king. | | | French politician, diplomat, and, from 1835 to 1836, prime minister, who throughout his life campaigned against reactionary forces. | | | French physicist best known for his research on quantum theory and for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9016583?tocId=9016583
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| | BBC - h2g2 - The Rise of the French Third Republic |
| | For these reasons, by 1914, the French Third Republic enjoyed widespread support from the French public, and the country was ready for war with Germany. | | | With MacMahon as President and Broglie as Prime Minister, the 'Republic of Dukes' was formed. | | | The President of the Republic is elected by the plurality of votes cast by the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies united as a National Assembly. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A658000
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| | Sample Chapter for Skach, C.: Borrowing Constitutional Designs: Constitutional Law in Weimar Germany and the French Fifth Republic. |
| | This tendency for there to be minority presidents and minority prime ministers marks a drastic difference with the "model" in the French Fifth Republic, which enjoyed majority governments for most of its life span. | | | One of Duverger's early concerns with the constitution was that, of the five major institutions of the Fifth Republic's new governing system in 1958, only one (the National Assembly) was elected by direct universal suffrage. | | | By 1980 (in English) and 1986 (in French), Duverger then moved in a more parsimonious direction and simplified his analysis by suggesting that all countries with semi-presidential constitutions would function politically, depending upon the president's relationship to the parliamentary majority, and the nature of that majority, simply like presidential or parliamentary systems of government. |
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http://pup.princeton.edu/chapters/i8094.html
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| | Ivory Coast - REFORM AND THE FRENCH COMMUNITY |
| | After the dissolution of the French Fourth Republic in 1958, General Charles de Gaulle, the first president of the Fifth Republic, had even more extensive reforms written into a new constitution, reflecting not only de Gaulle's own pragmatic and anti-imperialist ideas but also the economic and political changes that had occurred since 1946. | | | The French constitution of 1958, creating the Fifth Republic, provided for the free association of autonomous republics within the newly created French Community, in which France was the senior partner. | | | The PDCI won all seats of the newly formed legislature, and Houphouët-Boigny resigned his post in the French government to form the first government of Côte d'Ivoire. |
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http://countrystudies.us/ivory-coast/10.htm
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| | Articles - House of Bourbon |
| | The French monarchy was abolished on September 21, 1792 and a republic was proclaimed. | | | Henri lived until 1883, by which time public opinion had come to accept the republic as the "form of government that divides us least." His death without issue marked the extinction of the French Bourbon. | | | A French army invaded in 1823 and the constitution was revoked. |
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http://www.worldhammock.com/articles/Bourbon_house
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| | Spero News Bar Talk: French Fifth Republic gasping for breath |
| | In France the very ethos of French Republicanism is that all "citoyens" have an equal share of "Liberté, Egalité et Fraternité". | | | The law was applied selectively in all the major French cities. | | | It is, at the very least, a consequence of the Fifth Republic, which was itself a consequence of the other four republics, and monarchies and Empires etc. etc. |
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http://www.speroforum.com/site/article.asp?idCategory=34&idsub=127&id=2154
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| | Israel and the Bomb : Principal Players |
| | French general; leader of the anti-Nazi Free France forces; led the liberation army into Paris in 1944; prime minister (1946-48); founder of the Fifth Republic (1958) and president of France (1958-69). | | | French minister of defense under the Fourth Republic (1956-57); major supporter of the French-lsraeli nuclear cooperation. | | | French prime minister (1968-69) and foreign minister (1959-68) under President Charles de Gaulle. |
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http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/israel/players.htm
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