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| | Thirty Years' War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Ferdinand II decisively defeated Frederick V at the Battle of White Mountain, near Prague in 1620. | | | The Bohemians, desperate for allies against the Emperor, applied to be admitted to the Protestant Union, led by the Calvinist Frederick V, Elector Palatine. | | | Mannheim and Heidelberg fell in 1622, and Frankenthal in 1623. |
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http://www.marylandheights.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Thirty_Years'_War
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| | Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Catharine – In 1553 she was married king Sigismund II Augustus of Poland and Lithuania. | | | Elisabeth – In 1549 she was married king Sigismund II Augustus of Poland and Lithuania. | | | He was initially supported by king Sigismud II Augustus of Poland and Lithuania, brother of Isabell, but soon in 1549 a treaty was signed between the Habsburgs and the polish ruler. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Ferdinand_I
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| | Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In 1600, Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616), daughter of William V, Duke of Bavaria. | | | The now-deposed Frederick fled to the Netherlands and Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria, the leader of the Catholic League, moved to confiscate his lands in the Palatine. | | | The nobility revolted against Ferdinand and replaced him with the protestant Frederick V, Elector Palatine, known as the "Winter King." |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
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| | Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | She died in 1649, and Ferdinand married a third time, to Eleonora Gonzaga, daughter of the Duke of Mantua. | | | Leader of the peace party at court, he helped negotiate the Peace of Prague with the Protestant States, especially Saxony in 1635. | | | This way the emperor was trying to gain more allies in the negotiations with France and Sweden. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
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| | Ferdinand V and Isabella I |
| | She was the daughter of John II of Castile and León by his second wife, Isabella of Portugal. | | | In 1469 Princess Isabella married Ferdinand of Aragón, known also as Ferdinand V, The Catholic, and on the death of her brother, Henry IV, Isabella and Ferdinand jointly succeeded (1474) to the throne of Castile and León. | | | Because his daughter Joanna the Mad became insane after the death of Isabella, Ferdinand assumed the regency of Castile in 1506. |
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http://www.sonhex.dk/fandi.htm
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| | Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | After Matthias's accession as Holy Roman emperor, his policy was dominated by Klesl, who hoped to bring about a compromise between Catholic and Protestant states within the empire in order to strengthen it. | | | His conciliatory policies were opposed by the more intransigent Catholic Hapsburgs, particularly Matthias's brother Archduke Maximilian, who hoped to secure the succession for the inflexible Catholic archduke Ferdinand (later Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II). | | | He formed a close association there with the bishop of Vienna, Melchior Klesl, who later became his chief adviser. |
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http://pineville.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Mathias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
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| | Encyclopedia: Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor |
| | Frederick the Great Frederick II of Prussia (Friedrich der Große, Frederick the Great, January 24, 1712 – August 17, 1786) was the Hohenzollern king of Prussia 1740–86. | | | H.I.M. Ekaterina II Aleksejevna the Great, Empress and Autocrat of all the Russias Catherine II (Екатерина II ÐлекÑеевна: YekateriÌna II AlekseÌyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796 (O.S.)), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to... | | | In these, he did not differ from Frederick, Catherine of Russia, or his own brother and successor Leopold II, all enlightened rulers of the 18th century stamp. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Joseph-II,-Holy-Roman-Emperor
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| | Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I Hapsburg (1503-1564) |
| | The son of Philip I, king of Castile, and Joanna the Mad, queen of Castile, he was born on March 10, 1503, at Alcalá de Henares, Spain. | | | He successfully opposed Charles V’s plan of making his son Philip emperor, and was himself elected (1556) to the dignity. | | | In 1521, he became governor of the duchy of Württemberg and of the Habsburg hereditary lands, where he sought to check the spread of the Reformation. |
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http://share.geocities.com/Heartland/Ranch/8882/Notes2/00240.htm
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| | Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor: Information From Answers.com |
| | During the twenty years which elapsed between his return to Florence and the death of his eldest brother Joseph II in 1790, he was employed in reforming the administration of his small state. | | | Leopold, during his government in Tuscany, had shown a speculative tendency to grant his subjects a constitution. | | | When Louis XVI swore to observe the constitution of September 1791, the emperor professed to think that a settlement had been reached in France. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/leopold-ii-holy-roman-emperor
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| | John George II, Elector of Saxony |
| | The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) began as the rebellion of the independent Protestant states of John George I (1611-1656), Elector of Saxony; Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden (1611-1632); and Frederick William of Brandenburg (1640-1688) against the attempted imposition of Roman Catholicism by the Habsburg Ferdinand II, Holy Roman emperor (1619-37). | | | He engineered a rapprochement with both the Roman Catholic Louis XIV of France (1643-1715) and the Habsburg emperor Leopold I (1658-1705) of Austria and made his court at Dresden a haven to artists. | | | Denmark and the newly independent United Netherlands joined the Protestant side and with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the nations of the former Holy Roman Empire were granted sovereignty, thus dashing any hopes of a united Roman Catholic Europe. |
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http://www.pitts.emory.edu/ARCHIVES/text/mss025.html
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| | Ferdinand |
| | Ferdinand of Portugal - 1816-1885; became titular king 1837. | | | Ferdinand V of Spain - the Catholic; 1453-1516; became king - | | | Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies - 1810-1859; became king 1830. |
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http://www.fastload.org/fe/Ferdinand.html
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| | Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria |
| | In March 1647 he concluded an armistice with France and Sweden Truce of Ulmat Ulm, but the entreaties of the Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperoremperor Ferdinand III led him to disregard his undertaking. | | | Additionally, she conducted lively exchanges of opinion with high officials of the Munich court and took part in meetings of the cabinet. | | | Bavaria was again ravaged, and the elector's forces defeated in May 1648 at Zusmarshausen. |
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http://www.infothis.com/find/Maximilian_I,_Elector_of_Bavaria
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| | August 28: Ferdinand II becomes Holy Roman Emperor |
| | Ferdinand put down the Protestants and anyone who called for reforms that would limit his royal power. | | | Religion and Politics in the Age of the Counterreformation: Emperor Ferdinand II, William Lamormaini, S.J., and the formation of imperial policy (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, c1981). | | | By his death in 1637, the victories of the Lutheran Gustav Adolphus and his Swedes had undone much of what Ferdinand gained after his election on this day in 1619. |
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http://www.gospelcom.net/chi/DAILYF/2002/08/daily-08-28-2002.shtml
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| | Ferdinand I, Holy Roman emperor. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | In Germany, Ferdinand increasingly acted as agent of Charles V, who in 1531 had him elected king of the Romans, which insured Ferdinand’s succession as Holy Roman emperor. | | | Ulrich secured the aid of Philip of Hesse and defeated Ferdinand at Lauffen (1534). | | | He was succeeded by his son, Maximilian II, who had been crowned king of Bohemia (1562) and king of Hungary (1563) and had been elected king of the Romans (1562) before Ferdinand’s death. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/fe/Ferdi1HRE.html
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| | Defenestrations of Prague - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Descendants of those defenestrated include Ferdinand II of Portugal, Sophie Chotek, and Johann Josef I, Prince of Liechtenstein. | | | Some of the Bohemian aristocracy was effectively in revolt following the 1617 election of Ferdinand, Duke of Styria and a Catholic, to become the successor King of Bohemia. | | | An English translation of part of Slavata's report of the incident is printed in Henry Frederick Schwarz, The Imperial Privy Council in the Seventeenth Century (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1943, issued as volume LIII of Harvard Historical Studies), pp. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defenestration_of_Prague
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| | Ferdinand III, Holy Roman emperor |
| | Holy Roman Empire, The: Chapter XIV: The Germanic Constitution: The Seven Electors. | | | , Ferdinand became nominal leader of the imperial forces in the | | | Although anxious for peace, Ferdinand rejected the early peace proposals, but in 1648 he had to assent to the treaties negotiated at Münster and Osnabrück (see |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0818463.html
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| | Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor : Emperor Francis II |
| | He was again defeated, and this time forced to ally with Napoleon, ceding territory to the Empire, joining the Continental System, and wedding his daughter Marie Louise[?] to the Emperor. | | | Austria played a major role in the final defeat of France — in recognition of this, Francis, represented by Clemens von Metternich, presided over the Congress of Vienna, helping to form the Concert of Europe[?] and the Holy Alliance[?], ushering in an era of conservatism and reactionsim[?] in Europe. | | | He was a son of Leopold II of Austria (1747-1792) and his wife Maria Luisa of Spain (1745-1792). |
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http://www.factbase.info/em/emperor-francis-ii.html
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| | [No title] |
| | In 1625 Ferdinand III was crowned at Sopron, the only king to be so, later his wives were crowned in Bratislava. | | | Father: Ferdinánd II, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and of Bohemia. |
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http://www.idg.hu/expo/hosok_tere/korona/3ferden.htm
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| | AllRefer.com - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman emperor (German History, Biography) - Encyclopedia |
| | His Catholicism, however, alienated the Bohemian nobles, who rebelled (1618) and chose (1619) Frederick V (Frederick the Winter King), elector palatine, as their ruler. | | | The Peace of Prague (1635), the last important act of the irresolute Ferdinand, did not end the fighting. | | | At that time, however, Gustavus II (Gustavus Adolphus) of Sweden, a Protestant, came into the war. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/F/Ferdi2HRE.html
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| | Ferdinand III (Holy Roman Emperor) |
| | Although anxious to conclude the Thirty Years’ War, he did not give religious liberty to Protestants. | | | Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 when he succeeded his father Ferdinand II; king of Hungary from 1625. |
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http://tiscali-b2b.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0020976.html
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| | Caspar Schoppe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | He became involved in a controversy with Joseph Justus Scaliger, formerly his intimate friend, and others, wrote Ecclesiasticus auctoritati Jacobi regis oppositus (1611), an attack upon James I of England; and in Classicum belli scan (1619) urged the Catholic princes to wage war upon the Protestants. | | | He was born at Neumarkt in the upper Palatinate and studied at several German universities. | | | In about 1607, Schoppe entered the service of Ferdinand, archduke of Styria, afterwards Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, who found him very useful in rebutting the arguments of the Protestants, and who sent him on several diplomatic errands. |
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http://www.secaucus.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Caspar_Schoppe
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| | Ferdinand II (Holy Roman Emperor) |
| | A zealous Catholic, he provoked the Bohemian revolt that led to the Thirty Years’ War. | | | Holy Roman Emperor from 1619, when he succeeded his uncle Matthias; king of Bohemia from 1617 and of Hungary from 1618. | | | He was a grandson of Ferdinand I. © Research Machines plc 2005. |
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http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0020946.html
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| | Charles V, Holy Roman emperor |
| | Charles V, Holy Roman emperor: Early Years - Early Years Born at Ghent, Charles was brought up in Flanders by his aunt, Margaret of Austria, who... | | | Charles V, Holy Roman emperor: Withdrawal from Power - Withdrawal from Power Balked in his efforts to recapture Metz, which had been seized by Henry II,... | | | of Castile, grandson of Ferdinand II of Aragón, Isabella of Castile, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, and Mary of Burgundy. |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0811423.html
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| | artnet.com: Resource Library: Pomis, Pietro de |
| | Around 1589 Pomis entered the service of Archduke Ferdinand II, later Holy Roman Emperor, who appointed him official painter to the court in Graz in 1597. | | | Although no dated or signed works from his Venetian period are known, a number of paintings are now attributed to him that were earlier ascribed to the circle of Tintoretto, including the Resurrection (Stuttgart, Staatsgal.), the Flagellation (Prague Castle) and the Triumph of Virtue (Madrid, Prado), all between 1584 and 1589. | | | In the Virgin and Child (1611; Graz, Maria-Hilf-Kirche) the continuing influence of the Venetian school is evident in the figures, though not in the overall composition of the painting, which draws a clear distinction between earth and Heaven. |
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http://www.artnet.com/library/06/0685/T068563.asp
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| | Tuscany Accommodations - SweeTuscany ©: accommodations in Tuscany : hotels in Florence and Chianti campings lodgings ... |
| | Under Ferdinand II, his son, Cosimo III (1642-1723), and his grandson, Gian-Gastone (1671-1737), the city country slipped into insignificance. | | | The eldest son, Cosimo II, ascended the throne upon his father's death in 1609. | | | Cosimo II Cosimo's son, Ferdinand II (1610-1670) was just ten years old when he became Grand Duke, and until his majority the government was carried on by the two Grand Duchesses, Cosimo's mother Christina of Lorraine, and Cosimo's |
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http://www.sweetuscany.com/tuscany_resorts/versilia_tuscany_Farm_Holidays.htm
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| | Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor |
| | Ferdinand I, one of the Hapsburg emperors, was born in Madrid, the son of Philip von Hapsburg (1478-1506) and his wife Juana of Castile (1479-1555). | | | Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (March 10, 1503 - July 27, 1564) ruled as emperor 1556-1564 after the abdication of this brother, Charles V, having previously been Archduke of Austria. |
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http://usapedia.com/f/ferdinand-i-holy-roman-emperor.html
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| | Search Results for Wallenstein - Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | His alienation from the Emperor and his political-military... | | | Bohemian soldier and statesman, commanding general of the armies of the Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand II during the Thirty Years' War. | | | During the first decade of the Thirty Years' War, Ferdinand strengthened his position by transferring the Palatinate's electoral office to Maximilian of Bavaria. |
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http://www.britannica.com/search?query=Wallenstein&submit=Find&source=MWTAB
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| | Ferdinand I (Holy Roman Emperor) |
| | Holy Roman Emperor who succeeded his brother Charles V in 1556; King of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526, King of the Germans from 1531. |
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http://lineone.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0020974.html
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| | Charles V on Encyclopedia.com |
| | 1500-1558, Holy Roman emperor (1519-58) and, as Charles I, king of Spain (1516-56); son of Philip I and Joanna of Castile, grandson of Ferdinand II of Aragón, Isabella of Castile, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, and Mary of Burgundy. | | | Emperor Charles V turns 500.(exhibitions and concerts)(Brief Article) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/C/Charles5H1R1E1.asp
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| | Rulers_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire |
| | 1198-1218 Otto IV 1212-1250 Frederick II 1246-1249 Henry Raspe | | | 1765-1790 Joseph II 1790-1792 Leopold II 1792-1806 Francis II | | | 1564-1576 Maximilian II 1576-1612 Rudolf II 1612-1619 Matthias |
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http://www.antiquesatoz.com/habsburg/emperors.htm
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| | Worldroots.com |
| | (spouse of King d'Aragon, Ferdinand II-V *The Catholic*) | | | Wedding of King Philippe II Auguste of France (1165-1223) and Isabella |
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http://worldroots.com/brigitte/royal/arti-f.htm
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| | 1637 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | France places a few missionaries in the Côte d'Ivoire, a country it would come to rule more than 200 years later. | | | February 15 - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. | | | February 15 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor |
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http://www.marylandheights.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/1637
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| | MSN Encarta - Ferdinand II (Holy Roman Empire) |
| | Find more about Ferdinand II (Holy Roman Empire) from | | | MSN Encarta - Ferdinand II (Holy Roman Empire) | | | Ferdinand II (Holy Roman Empire) (1578-1637), Holy Roman emperor (1619-1637), king of Bohemia (1617-1619), and king of Hungary (1621-1625). |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761556556/Ferdinand_II.html
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| | 1637 in History |
| | February 15 Ferdinand III succeeds Ferdinand II as Holy Roman Emperor | | | May 13 Cardinal Richelieu of France creates the table knife |
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http://www.brainyhistory.com/years/1637.html
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| | Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor |
| | Current city Street: Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor < | | | It remains a comedy.html">comedy, as informs the whole composition, sinking from the heights of sorrow and less.html">less full of what is really tragic in man's existence than if Claudio have traits of special grace, retaining in less emphatic passages a for the traces where the nobler hand.html">hand has glanced along, leaving its style. |
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http://www.city-search.org/ma/mathias,-holy-roman-emperor.html
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| | Francis II Holy Roman EMPEROR/? |
| | 1787-1817at: Died: 1835 at: Father:Leopold II Holy Roman EMPEROR Mother: Other Spouses: |
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http://www.usgennet.org/family/baicon/data/fam11385.htm
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