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| | Confederation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The United States of America was first organized as a confederation under the Articles of Confederation and later became a federation with the ratification of the current US constitution in 1789. | | | A confederation is an association of sovereign states, usually created by treaty but often later adopting a common constitution. | | | Confederation of the Rhine (1806–1813) had no head of state nor a government |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate
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| | Kentucky Members of the Confederate Congress (1861-1862) - Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives |
| | Shortly afterwards, the Confederate Provisional Congress was adjourned on Feb. 17,1862, on the eve of inauguration of a permanent Congress. | | | Background of Kentucky as a Confederate "State" and the Provisional Congress | | | The Congress elected (Feb. 9,1861) Jefferson Davis and Alexander H. Stephens president and vice president respectively, then drafted a constitution (adopted on March 11,1861) and functioned as the provisional legislature pending regular elections, holding five sessions in all: two in Montgomery and three in Richmond, Virginia. |
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http://www.kdla.ky.gov/resources/KYConfedCongress.htm
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| | CHAPTER IV. CONFEDERATE AND FEDERAL OCCUPATION |
| | This act of Baylor's was approved by the Confederate Congress, and Arizona was admitted as a part of the Confederacy, with Granville H. Oury as delegate. | | | The Confederate Congress passed an Enabling Act for the Territory of Arizona, which was approved on January 18th, 1862. | | | December 21st, 1864, John R. Baylor, who had been elected to the Congress of the Confederate States, and had been admitted to his seat May 2nd, 1864, wrote a letter to the Secretary of War, urging that an expedition be sent into New Mexico and Arizona to recover those territories. |
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http://southwest.library.arizona.edu/hav2/body.1_div.4.html
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| | Confederacy. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | The Confederate cruisers built or bought in England were a scourge to the U.S. merchant marine, and later at the settlement of the Alabama claims, Great Britain was adjudged partly responsible for their depredations; but beyond this the Confederate missions of James M. Mason, John Slidell, William L. Yancey, and others in Europe achieved little. | | | The new constitution was ratified (the approval of only five states was needed), general elections for congress and for presidential electors (as under the federal Constitution) were held in Nov., 1861, and on Washington’s birthday in 1862, the “permanent” government was inaugurated at Richmond. | | | The Confederate army early found that volunteers alone were insufficient, and the first conscription law was passed in Apr., 1862. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/co/Confeder.html
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| | Robert Wilbanks: Sons Confederate Veterans Oury Camp |
| | On August 5th, 1861 Oury was elected as a delegate to the Confederate Congress from the territory of Arizona. | | | It wasn't until January 18th, 1862 that he was recognized and seated by the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of America. | | | As an early Arizona pioneer he was a mine owner, an attorney and judge, a businessman and later served in the territorial legislature and the United States Congress. |
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http://www.robertwilbanks.com/oury.htm
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| | A Brief History of the Confederate Flags |
| | The six southern states of South Carolina, Mississippi, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, and Florida met February 4, 1861, in convention at Montgomery, Alabama, and established the Confederate States of America. | | | Missouri and Kentucky were prevented from seceding by the presence of federal troops, but both states sent unofficial representatives to the Confederate Congress and both supplied troops to the Confederate Army. | | | In 1863, the issue of a new national flag resurfaced in the southern press and in the Confederate Congress. |
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http://mshistory.k12.ms.us/features/feature2/histconflag.html
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| | THE CONFEDERATE TERRITORY OF ARIZONA, Col. Sherod Hunter Camp 1525, SCV, Phoenix, Arizona |
| | Lewis Owings of Mesilla was elected Provisional Governor of the Territory, and Granville Henderson Oury of Tucson was elected as Delegate to the Confederate Congress. | | | The United States Congress passed its own "Act to Establish and Organize the Territory of Arizona" on February 24, 1863, over a year after the Proclamation of President Jefferson Davis had declared the Confederate Territory of Arizona to be in full force and operation. | | | The Tucson Convention ratified the proceedings of the Mesilla Convention, and elected provisional officers for the new Confederate Territory. |
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http://members.tripod.com/~azrebel/page10.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The policies of the Confederate Congress, however, strongly influenced the actions of the treasury, and had direct implications for the establishment of conditions conducive to hyperinflation. | | | Due to the Confederate Congress lacking its own agents to collect the taxes, the States were charged with raising the revenue quotas assigned to them. | | | While a sum of $10 million was eventually approved, the mood of the Confederate States was highly opposed to large taxation by the centralized government. |
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http://www.eh.net/Clio/Publications/confederate.shtml
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| | The Avalon Project : Confederate States of America - Message to Congress April 29, 1861 (Ratification of the ... |
| | Gentlemen of the Congress: It is my pleasing duty to announce to you that the Constitution framed for the establishment of a permanent Government for the Confederate States has been ratified by conventions in each of those States to which it was re-ferred. | | | Deprived of the aid of Congress at the moment, I was under the necessity of confining my action to a call on the States for volunteers for the common defense, in accordance with the authority you had confided to me before your adjournment. | | | Message to Congress April 29, 1861 (Ratification of the Constitution) |
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http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/csa/m042961.htm
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| | Journals of the Confederate Congress- Journal of the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865 |
| | The Journal of the Congress of the Confederate States of America is a transcript of the Civil War time proceedings of the Provisional Congress, House and Senate, of the Confederate States of America. | | | Volume 1 contains the Journal of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of America, the proceedings of the Constitutional Convention in Montgomery, Alabama, and an appendix containing the Provisional and Permanent Constitutions of the Confederate States. | | | The Journals of the Senate, 1st Congress of the Confederate States of America, are found in volume 2 (1st and 2nd sessions) and volume 3 (3rd and 4th sessions). |
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http://www.paperlessarchives.com/jcc.html
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| | Confederate Congress |
| | The Confederate Congress was the legislative body of the Confederate States of America, existing during the American Civil War between 1861 and 1865. | | | Like the United States Congress, the Confederate Congress consisted of two houses: the Confederate Senate, whose membership included two senators from each state (and chosen by the state legislature), and the Confederate House of Representatives, with members popularly elected by residents of the individual states. | | | The Congress of Delegates from the seceding Southern States convened at Montgomery, Alabama, on February 4, 1861. |
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http://www.omniknow.com/common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Confederate_Congress
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| | Background of the Confederate States Constitution |
| | Under the terms of the Provisional Constitution, the Montgomery convention reconstituted itself as the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of America until such time as a permanent constitution could be adopted and a permanent congress elected. | | | Almost all had extensive political experience: twenty-three had served in the U.S. Congress; sixteen were former or sitting judges, including two state chief justices; two had been in national cabinets, and a third had been in the cabinet of the Republic of Texas. | | | Article I granted the Confederate Congress the legislative powers "delegated" in the Constitution. |
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http://www.civilwarhome.com/csaconstitutionbackground.htm
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| | Confederate Negro Enlistments |
| | It was not, however, until the 27th that this Legislature voted to instruct its Senators to vote for the measure in the Confederate Congress. | | | The Confederate Congress met on Monday, November 7th, at noon, and as soon as it was organized the message of President Davis was received. | | | Another thing was that of the Confederate Congress that met at Richmond for the last time in the second week of November, 1864-(it adjourned sine die on the 17th of March, 1865)-more than half the members represented constituencies in which slavery was practically rubbed out by the war process. |
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http://www.civilwarhome.com/negroenlistments.htm
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| | CSAnet: Confederate Flags |
| | When Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as President of the provisional government of the Confederate States of America on 18 February 1861, the Capitol Building in Montgomery flew the Alabama State Flag. | | | The 'Stars and Bars' was never established as an official flag of the Confederate States of America by the laws of the land. | | | The St. Andrews design as originally submitted to the Confederate Congress was selected and went into use in November of 1861. |
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http://www.pointsouth.com/csanet/flagbody.htm
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| | The Confederate Congress |
| | The first Confederate legislature was called Provisional due to the quick creation of the government, and no public caucus for the selection of deputies and delegates. | | | Used By The Confederate Congress During The War. | | | Following general elections on 06 November 1861, the First Confederate Congress assembled in Richmond on 18 February 1862. |
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http://www.csawardept.com/history/Congress
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| | Amazon.com: The Confederate Constitution of 1861: An Inquiry into American Constitutionalism: Books |
| | However, the Northern States were in clear violation of the Constitution by acts of their legislatures and decisions by their State Courts which nullified and prevented enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Clause of the Constitution (and the various Fugitive Slave Acts which were passed for the enforcement of said Clause). | | | Confederate Congress, South Carolina, Articles of Confederation, Declaration of Independence, House of Representatives, Jefferson Davis, Dred Scott, British Constitution, Eleventh Amendment, Fourteenth Amendment | | | The Confederate Constitution in Article I, section 9, subsection 4 prohibits the Confederate Congress from interfering with the "right" to own slaves. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0826208126?v=glance
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| | Alexander and Beringer (1972) The anatomy of the Confederate Congress: A study of the influences of member ... |
| | The anatomy of the Confederate Congress: A study of the influences of member characteristics on legislative voting behavior, 1861-1865 | | | Alexander and Beringer (1972) The anatomy of the Confederate Congress: A study of the influences of member characteristics on legislative voting behavior, 1861-1865 | | | Confederate States of America; Congress; Politics and government; Legislators |
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http://www.getcited.org/?PUB=101703223&showStat=Ratings
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| | The Confederate Postal Service in West Virginia |
| | The Confederates had no stamps of their own, and it was not until October 16 that the first stamp -- a five cent green bearing the portrait of Jefferson Davis -- was issued to the postoffices, and then to but few of the operating offices in the disputed territory of Western Virginia. | | | That was the brief interlude between May 9, 1861, when Virginia was admitted into the Confederate States, and June 20, 1861, when the secession of the western counties from seceded Virginia was completed at Wheeling as the Restored Government of Virginia, loyal to the Federal Union. | | | John P. Brown, the United States Postmaster at Charles Town, was also commissioned by the Confederate government and served each side when in control of the town5 -- probably that was the reason why he was relieved of his Federal office in 1862. |
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http://www.wvculture.org/history/journal_wvh/wvh24-1.html
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| | The Avalon Project : Confederate States of America |
| | Message to Congress April 29, 1861 (Ratification of the Constitution) | | | Constitution of the Confederate States of America; March 11, 1861 | | | Inaugural Address of the President of the Provisional Government; February 18, 1861. |
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http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/csa/csapage.htm
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| | Journal of the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865 [Volume 7] : a machine readable transcription. |
| | Journal of the House of Representatives, Congress of the Confederate States, begun and held at the Capitol, in the city of Richmond, on Monday, the 2d day of May, 1864, being the first session of the Second Congress held under the Constitution of the Government of the Confederate States. | | | Conrad, of Louisiana, and Farrow, of South Carolina, and the oath to support the Constitution of the Confederate States was administered to the Speaker by Mr. | | | Also, “a bill to amend an act to provide for holding elections of Representatives in the Congress of the Confederate States from the State of Tennessee;” which was read first and second times and referred to the Committee on Elections. |
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http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ll/llcc/007/llcc007.sgm
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| | The Confederate Navy 1861-1865 (Part 1) |
| | On February 21, 1861, the Confederate Congress appointed Stephen R. Mallory as Secretary, Department of the Navy. | | | Mallory was experienced as an admiralty lawyer in his home state of Florida, and he served for a time as the chairman of the Naval Affairs Committee while he was a United States senator. | | | He was in all probability one of the most well-qualified appointees to the Confederate cabinets. |
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http://www.magweb.com/sample/scamp/ca90csn1.htm
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| | Inportant Dates in Confederate History |
| | This call was made without the consent of Congress, which was a breach of the Constitution. | | | 10 1861 Confederate Congress acts to admit Kentucky to the Confederacy as the 13 | | | 11 1861 Confederate Congress adopts the Constitution of the Confederate States of America. |
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http://www.scv674.org/csadates.htm
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| | Confederate Army |
| | In April, the Confederate Congress passed the Conscription Act which drafted white men between eighteen and thirty-five for three years' service. | | | President Jefferson Davis called for 82,000 volunteers but this was clearly not enough and in August, 1861, the Confederate Congress authorized the recruitment of 400,000 men. | | | They were to be shot for some violation of the laws of the army. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USACWarmyC.htm
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| | Provisional Confederate Congress (04 February 1861-17 February 1862) |
| | Commonly Known As The "Stars And Bars," The First National Flag Was Approved By The Provisional Confederate Congress And First Raised Over The Capitol Building In Montgomery, Alabama On The Afternoon Of 04 March 1861. | | | This Group Drafted And Adopted The Confederate Constitutions, Elected The Nation's President And Vice-President, And Chose The Design For The First National Flag. | | | Provisional Confederate Congress (04 February 1861-17 February 1862) |
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http://www.csawardept.com/history/Congress/Provisional
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| | CSA |
| | The debate on guerrilla warfare and partisan ranger units continued and it was not until 1862 that the Confederate Congress acted. | | | In July 1861 D.M.K. Campbell of Alabama wrote to Secretary of War Leroy Pope Walker asking how the Confederate government felt about guerrilla warfare: "Quite a number of men of undoubted respectability are anxious to serve the government of their own account", he wrote. | | | Alabama 9 Arkansas 14 Confederate 5 Georgia 1 Florida 2 Kentucky 2 Georgia 13 Missouri 62 Indian Territory 1 Tennessee 13 Kentucky 19 Louisiana 7 Maryland 2 Mississippi 11 Missouri 22 North Carolina 9 South Carolina 1 Tennessee 8 Texas 12 Virginia 21 _________________________________________________________________ Total 142 92 |
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http://hem3.passagen.se/csa01
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| | The Confederate States of America |
| | From the Southern Historical Society Papers this is an address from the Confederate Congress to the people of the Confederate States. | | | Except for dissent in the Confederate Congress there could have been regiment after regiment of colored troops wearing gray. | | | A list of the senators that served in the Confederate Government. |
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http://www.civilwarhome.com/csa.htm
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| | The McNeill Rangers: A Study in Confederate Guerrilla Warfare |
| | Soon the Captain was traversing the streets of Columbia in a handsome new Confederate uniform, unmolested by the hundreds of Federal soldiers in the town. | | | The Confederate Captain and his son, Jesse, were captured without a struggle, sent to Columbia, Missouri, and imprisoned in the old university, then being used as a Federal prison.20 The following depicts their treatment there: | | | Then, too, the offer to form a company and be an officer in the potentially successful army of the new nation must have also influenced his decision. |
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http://www.wvculture.org/history/journal_wvh/wvh12-1.html
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| | [No title] |
| | During the war, the Congress had passed measures to honor valor on the battlefield and elsewhere, with President Davis' approval, but medals were never awarded. | | | Conditions for the award were similar to those governing the United States Congressional Medal of Honor. | | | Unknown Soldier of the Confederate States of America |
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http://www.beauvoir.org/unknsldr.html
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| | Confederate Congress |
| | Check out the splendid Historical Atlas of the Congresses of the Confederate States of America: 1861-1865, by Kenneth C. Martis (NY: Simon and Schuster, 1994). | | | Currently I am engaged in some research concerning the Confederate Congress. | | | I am a graduate student in political science at the University of Mississippi. |
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http://www.h-net.org/~south/archives/threads/confedcong.html
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| | WSCE Collecting Confederate Paper Money |
| | On May 6 the Confederate Congress made known that a state of war existed between the U.S. and Confederate States. | | | The Seventh Issue was the last but an Eighth Issue for $80,000,000 to pay the Arm was authorized by Congress at its last meeting on March 18, 1865. | | | The purest may collect only the 7 Series Confederate Notes authorized by the Confederate Congress. |
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http://www.wscoin.com/Info/ConfederatePaperMoney.htm
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| | Monocacy National Battlefield |
| | First Confederate National Flag — This flag was adopted by the Confederate Congress in March, 1861, the seven stars in the blue field represent the states then in the Confederacy. | | | This was the Confederate National flag used at the time of the Battle of Monocacy. | | | This flag was called the "Stars and Bars". |
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http://www.nps.gov/mono/mo_flags.htm
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| | Confederate Battle Flag |
| | However, the report was published in 1907 under the title The Flags of the Confederate States of America. | | | Though the Battle Flag was never officially adopted by the Confederate Congress, it was at least formally recognized in legislation enacted in May 1863 creating the Second National Flag. | | | For example, after assuming command of the Confederate Army of Tennessee, Gen. Joseph Johnston in the spring of 1864 directed that uniform rectangle battle flags be issued to regiments in his command. |
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http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/battlefl.htm
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| | The Confederate War Department |
| | This website is dedicated to the preservation of War Between the States history and Confederate genealogical research. | | | The War In Documents is for the examination of governmental papers which led to the formation and operation of the Confederacy. | | | Updates to The Confederate War Department are posted on the News From The Front Lines page, as changes occur with the website. |
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http://www.csawardept.com
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