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| | Unofficial Young Blades |
 | | Other scholars disagree, declaring that Mazarin was never married and kept the Catholic rule of priest celibacy until his death. | | | Son of the Colonna family's majordomo, Giulio served in the Papal Army as a captain and in the Vatican diplomat corps from 1624 to 1630, when he negotiated the truce on the Mantuan Succession War, between the French in one side and the Spaniards and the Duke of Savoy on the other, in Oct. 26. | | | Upon Louis XIII's death (14 May, 1642), Anne of Austria, the Queen, gave the reality of power to Mazarin, who remained Prime Minister of France until his death, first under the queen's regency, then under Louis XIV's, the Sun King. |
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http://youngblades.net/realmaz.htm
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| | The Vicomte de Bragelonne - Chapter 48 - Alexandre Dumas - Read Print |
| | Mazarin, in his character of cardinal and prime minister, was almost an atheist, and quite a materialist. | | | Mazarin replied by a movement of the head. | | | At length his eyes fell upon the fragment which bore his signature, and recognizing it, he sunk back on his bolster in a swoon. |
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http://www.readprint.com/chapter-4228/Alexandre-Dumas
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| | Louis XIV |
| | Mazarin, a Sicilian by birth, had studied in Spain and then in Rome before embarking on a career as a captain of an infantry regiment and then later as a diplomat for the pope. | | | When Mazarin, his godfather and prime minister, died on 9 March 1661, the 23-year-old king seized the moment and announced that he himself would govern-something that had not happened since the reign of Henry IV. | | | In order to ratify the peace treaty ending the war that had begun in 1635 between France and Spain, in 1660 Louis XIV married Marie Thérèse of Austria, daughter of the King of Spain-despite his love for Mazarin's niece, Marie Mancini. |
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http://www.nv.cc.va.us/home/cevans/Versailles/Site/louisxiv.html
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| | H-Net Review: Michael P. Breen on Mazarin: The Crisis of Absolutism in France |
| | Treasure argues that Mazarin's decision to leave the Papacy and his homeland to serve the French crown was based on both his admiration for Richelieu and a certainty that his adopted home was the rising power in Europe. | | | As their personal friendship grew stronger in the months before Richelieu's death, Treasure writes that "Richelieu could see Mazarin as his successor, if not as First Minister, [then] certainly as director of the great diplomatic effort that would be needed to bring peace to Europe and security to France" (p. | | | Anne needed all of Mazarin's political skills to ensure that her son's throne would not be diminished by the pretensions of |
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http://www.h-net.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=14471873479998
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| | August 26 |
| | Jules Mazarin was born of an old Sicilian family on July 14, 1602. | | | The Frondeurs were opposed to the rule of Mazarin on account of his rapacity (when he died his estate was worth about $40,000,000) and employment of foreigners. | | | During his youth, Louis was content to leave the government in Mazarin's hands, but when Jules died in 1661, the twenty-two-year-old king declared he would be his own prime minister. |
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http://webpages.charter.net/astroweaver/history/aug26.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The Prince, being one day at Court, and seeing the Cardinal give himself extraordinary airs, said, as he was going out of the Queen's cabinet, "Adieu, Mars." This was told all over the city in a quarter of an hour. | | | I and Noirmoutier went by appointment to his house at four o'clock in the morning, when he seemed to be greatly troubled. | | | The Prince de Conde, being uneasy at seeing Mazarin's creatures still at Court, retired to Saint Maur on the 6th of July, 1651. |
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http://www2.cddc.vt.edu/gutenberg/3/8/4/3844/3844.txt
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| | The Fronde & English Civil War |
| | Mazarin's continual need to raise money for the war against the Hapsburgs provoked the troubles known as the Fronde of the Parlement (la Fronde parlementaire). | | | Anne of Austria grew to trust Mazarin (they may even have married secretly) and placed him in charge of government from 1643. | | | Mazarin proposed that the magistrates of the high courts forego their salaries for a number of years. |
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http://history.wisc.edu/sommerville/351/351-12.htm
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Jules Mazarin |
| | In 1654 Cromwell opened negotiations with the Calvinists of the South of France, who, the year before, had taken up arms in Ardeche to secure certain liberties for themselves. | | | The same will directed the foundation of the College of the Four Nations, for the free education of sixty children from those provinces which he had united to France. | | | The elevation of his brother Michael Mazarin to the cardinalate (October, 1647) was one of his diplomatic victories. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10092a.htm
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| | Jules Cardinal Mazarin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Jules Cardinal Mazarin, born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino (July 14, 1602, Pescina, Italy – March 9, 1661, Vincennes, France) served as the chief minister of France from 1642, until his death. | | | Mazarin's early military and diplomatic experience, which marked him as a friend of France in the contests between French and Spanish factions in papal politics, recommended him to Richelieu. | | | Mazarin was more consistently an enemy of Jansenism, more for its political implications than out of theology, and on his deathbed warned young Louis "not to tolerate the Jansenist sect, not even their name." |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Cardinal_Mazarin
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| | A Sufficiency Of Grace |
| | It began in France during the civil war in the minority of Louis XIV when Cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin were Prime Ministers. | | | It was in the context of this war that Holland encouraged its own Catholics of an extreme disposition and made itself a refuge for French Jansenists. | | | Saint-Cyran also had a political involvement in the course of which he got at odds with Cardinal Richelieu, the Prime Minister, who had him imprisoned. |
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http://heresiarch.org/grace.php
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| | The Clergy -- AOTTXtreme: The Church of France |
| | He became the papal envoy to France for 2 years, and soon after leaving that position he came to Paris and placed himself at Richelieu's disposition. | | | Educated by the Jesuits, he was in turn a captain of pontifical troops and then a pontifical diplomat in the Valtelline War of 1624 and the Mantuan War of Succession. | | | Mazarin was born July 14, 1602 in Pescina, Italy, and became a protege of the powerful Colonna family. |
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http://www.aottxtreme.com/thechurch/clergy.htm
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| | Vendôme, César, duc de on Encyclopedia.com |
| | However, he was reconciled, married his son to a niece of Mazarin's, and fought on the government side in the Fronde; he captured (1653) Bordeaux, and in 1655 he defeated a Spanish fleet at Barcelona. | | | Returning after Richelieu's death, he was exiled (1643) for conspiring against Cardinal Mazarin. | | | In 1641 he was forced to flee after being accused of plotting against Richelieu. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/V/VendomeC1.asp
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| | Twenty Years After - Chapter 85 - Alexandre Dumas - Read Print |
| | His piercing look was fixed in vain on the satirical face of the Gascon and the unchanging countenance of Porthos. | | | Mazarin had left his lamp in the gallery to make people believe that he was walking about, but he had with him a waxlight, to help him to explore his mysterious strong box. | | | Mazarin felt a shiver run through him -- a chill even to his heart's core. |
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http://www.readprint.com/chapter-4340/Alexandre-Dumas
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| | Louis XIV of France - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia |
| | He weakened the nobility by ordering them to serve as members of his court, rather than as regional governors and ministers. | | | At the age of 4 (1643), Louis technically became King, although Cardinal Mazarin would rule France as regent for another 18 years. | | | King Louis XIV died on September 1 1715 and was buried in Saint Denis Basilica in Paris. |
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http://encyclopedia.learnthis.info/l/lo/louis_xiv_of_france.html
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| | H-France Reviews |
| | Croxton does fine work unravelling the plots and counterplots infesting the Congress. | | | Mazarin perceived war as a means to an end: he used military pressure to force concessions from his opponents. | | | Derek Croxton, Peacemaking in Early Modern Europe: Cardinal Mazarin and the Congress of Westphalia, 1643-1648. |
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http://www.uakron.edu/hfrance/reviews/levin.html
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| | The Vicomte de Bragelonne by Alexandre Dumas: Chapter 40 |
| | "A family affair," said Mazarin, suddenly, detaining them in their seats. | | | This shade did not escape his cunning eminence. | | | Mazarin was too much accustomed to mankind, not to see in the cold and almost haughty politeness of Athos, an index of hostility, which was not of the temperature of that hot-house called a court. |
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http://www.online-literature.com/dumas/vicomte_bragelonne/40
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| | Douglas Cardinal ( - ) Artwork Images, Exhibitions, Reviews |
| | Samuel J. Miller - Frederick Douglas 1847-52 cased half-plate dag The Art Institute of Chicago American | | | Artist: attributed to Lorenzo Costa Title: Portrait of a Cardinal in his Study Date: about | | | Oliviero Gatti, A Young Man Presenting his Thesis to Cardinal Aldobrandini, 1620 |
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http://wwar.com/masters/c/cardinal-douglas.html
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| | Fronde. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | Louis’s brother, Armand de Conti (see under Conti, family) and his sister Mme de Longueville were among the leaders of the Fronde. | | | The scheme would have required that the magistrates of the high courts (except the parlement) give up four years’ salary. | | | Government troops defeated Turenne and his Spanish allies at Rethel (1650), but Mazarin was forced to yield when Retz, Mme de Chevreuse, Gaston d’Orléans, and François de Beaufort all united in demanding Cond& release. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/fr/Fronde.html
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| | MSN Encarta - Search Results - Cardinal Mazarin |
| | Cardinal, The, motion picture about an Irish American man’s rise from priesthood to the College of Cardinals in the Catholic Church, based on a novel... | | | Mazarin, Jules (1602-1661), French statesman and cardinal, who controlled the French government while Louis XIV was a minor and helped make France... | | | Cardinal (bird), common name for several crested finches found in North, Central, and South America. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/Cardinal_Mazarin.html
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| | [No title] |
| | This was one of the humiliations which Mazarin made Anne undergo more frequently than any other, and one that bowed her head with shame. | | | Anne dropped her head and fell into one of those reveries so habitual with her. | | | As to his going or staying, I feel too much gratitude to the cardinal not to leave him free in all his actions; he shall do what he wishes to do.” |
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http://www.hoboes.com/html/FireBlade/Dumas/Twenty/Twenty81.html
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| | Au 17ème Siècle - Cardinal Mazarin |
| | Le 5 décembre 1642, Mazarin fut nommé Principal Ministre de l'État, soit Premier Ministre comme l'avait recommandé Richelieu mourrant qui voyait en lui son digne successeur. | | | Mazarin prit parti pour la France et rendit plusieurs services officieux à Richelieu qui l'avait pris en grande sympathie. | | | De retour à Rome, sa nomination comme cardinal en France fut retardée à cause de certaines intrigues (1638). |
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http://17emesiecle.free.fr/Mazarin.html
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| | Colbert, Jean Baptiste. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | On his deathbed, Mazarin recommended Colbert to King Louis XIV, who made him comptroller general of finances (1665). | | | The son of a draper, he was trained in business and was hired by Cardinal Mazarin to look after his financial affairs. | | | Colbert helped to procure the downfall of the superintendent of finances, Nicolas Fouquet, for mismanagement. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/co/ColbertJ.html
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| | AllRefer.com - Mazarin Bible (Libraries, Books, And Printing) - Encyclopedia |
| | The Bible, printed at Mainz, probably required several years of work; it was completed not later than 1455 and printed in an edition of about 180 copies. | | | Mazarin Bible[maz´urin] Pronunciation Key, considered to be the first important work printed by Gutenberg and the earliest book printed from movable types. | | | It is called the Mazarin Bible because the first copy to recapture attention was in the library of Cardinal Mazarin, in Paris. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/M/MazarinB.html
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| | Mazarin |
| | Mazarin Sinkhole Includes Bios, mailing list, lyrics, show schedule. | | | Tellier, Michel Le Commissioned by Cardinal Mazarin to organize the royal army. | | | Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. |
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http://www.serebella.com/encyclopedia/article-Mazarin.html
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