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Topic: Aviz Dynasty

  
 Aviz Family 1358 - 1595
AVIZ, John (João) I of, King of Portugal ( BURG1)
John (Jo&) I of Aviz, King of Portugal
104 Descendants of John (Jo&) I of Aviz, King of Portugal
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~dav4is/ODTs/AVIZ.shtml

  
 STREAMS 4 HisCulBrazil
Gold was shipped in bars from Brazil to Portugal.
» Cardinal-King Henry, last Aviz monarch of Portugal
, determining end of Aviz dynasty in Portugal
http://www.lib.ohio-state.edu/latweb/E-sylbHisCulBraz4a.htm

  
 WHKMLA : History of Portugal, 1385-1580
Articles from Catholic Encyclopedia : Portugal, Coimbra, Aviz, Order of, Lisbon
The country retained it's independence, and the HOUSE OF AVIS established itself as Portugal's dynasty.
With only 8 kings ruling a total 195 years, Portugal was fortunate to enjoy political stability under this dynasty.
http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/spain/port13851580.html

  
 Portugal
His branch of the Burgundian line became known as the house of Aviz.
Son of Dom John (1537-1554), only son of John III; during his minority (1557-68), government under his grandmother Catherine of Austria, and later his uncle Cardinal Henry ( see HENRY, king of Portugal); led expedition to Morocco; defeated and slain at the battle of Alcazarquivir; last important ruler of House of Aviz ( q.v.
Son of Sancho I. Defeated Muslims at Las Navas de Tolosa (1212) and Alcacer do Sol (1217); excommunicated along with entire court (1219).
http://website.lineone.net/~johnbidmead/portugal.htm

  
 History
João I founded Portugal's most illustrious dynasty, the House of Aviz.
Gold and diamonds from Brazil gave Portugal unprecedented pomp and splendour in the first half of the 18th century.
This treaty, which is still in existance today, was cemented by help from English troops in the vital Battle of Aljubarrota between Portugal and Castile, and solidified by King João I's marriage to John of Gaunt's daughter, Philippa of Lancaster.
http://www.nexus-pt.com/alg/history.htm

  
 Writing
In 1238 the order of Evora, which was renamed the Order of Aviz, became independent of Calatrava, and eventually provided Portugal with its second ruling dynasty, when the Order's Master, João, became King João I in 1385.
http://www.perlman.tv/writing/mags/mag6.htm

  
 Pretenders
But legitimately and legally, the closest heirs would have been the House of Aviz, the Royal House of Portugal, via the marriage of John of Gaunt's eldest daughter to João, Master of Aviz and first King of Portugal (1385-1433) of his dynasty.
The Osmanli family is one of the few Islamic dynasties to maintain a law of succession that resembles European practice.
As an interesting aside, Giorgi XIII's daughter Leonida married Vladimir Kirillovich Romanov (d.1992), head of Russian Imperial House.
http://www.hostkingdom.net/pretends.html

  
 Henry the Navigator
Born in 1394, Henry the Navigator was the third son of John I of Portugal, the founder of the Aviz dynasty.
http://www.teachtime.com/en/wikipedia/h/he/henry_the_navigator.html

  
 European territorial expansion: the Habsburg connection
Why did Ferdinand and Isabella marry their daughter Joanna to Philip of Habsburg, the son of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I? Why did Ferdinand and Isabella marry their daughter Catherine to the heir to the English Tudor dynasty, the future Henry VIII?
Why were there major rebellions in the kingdoms of Castile and Valencia when Charles of Habsburg was brought into the Iberian Peninsula as joint ruler with his mother Joanna of Trastámara?
You may return to the course syllabus or to the
http://www.isu.edu/~owenjack/spemp/reading.14.html

  
 ipedia.com: Aviz Article
The House of Aviz is a dynasty of kings of Portugal.
The house of Aviz fell to the huge Spanish Empire, which transformed Portugal into a province, with the death of old king Henry I.
In 1385, the Interregnum ended with the acclamation of the Master of the Order of Aviz, John, natural son of king Pedro I and Dona Teresa Lourenço...
http://fav.ipedia.com/ipedia/a/av/aviz.html

  
 Battle of Aljubarrota
João I, Master of the Order of Aviz as King of Portugal, and the beginning of the House of Aviz.
On April 6, 1385, the council of the kingdom ( cortes in Portuguese) summoned in Coimbra and declared king João, Master of Aviz (bastard son of Pedro I de Portugal).
However, the Castilian king would not relinquish his wife's claim to the throne and invaded Portugal in June, with an important French cavalry detachment on his command.
http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/b/battle-of-Aljubarrota.htm

  
 CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Portugal
The King of Castile laid seige to Lisbon, but a pestilence compelled him to retire, and in April, 1385, thanks to the eloquence of the great lawyer John das Regras, the Grand Master of Aviz was elected king (1385-1433) at the Cortes of Coimbra.
The people would not submit to a foreign king, and shortly after Ferdinand's death the citizens of Lisbon rose against Leonor; Andeiro and the archbishop were slain, and John, Grand Master of Aviz, illegitimate son of Pedro I, became defender of the realm.
The resistance of Lisbon to two Castilian sieges had saved Portuguese independence, and by a Bull of Boniface IX its see was raised to metropolitan rank.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12297a.htm

  
 Car Hire Portugal, Car Rental Portugal
Following the demise of the Aviz dynasty the thrones of Spain and Portugal were united in 1580.
Revolution in 1640 led to the accession of the Braganza family.
The 16th century saw Portugal occupy Brazil, parts of Africa and Asia.
http://www.1stchoice-travel.co.uk/carhire-portugal.htm

  
 CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Spain
For Alfonso VI gave his daughters Urraca and Teresa in marriage to Raymond and Henry of Burgundy, who founded two dynasties: that of Portugal, and that of Castile and León, which began with Alfonso VII.
Alfonso V, the Magnanimous, once more turned Aragónese policy in the direction of Italy, where he possessed the Kingdom of Sicily and acquired that of Naples by having himself made adoptive son of Queen Joanna.
In Navarre, again, when the dynasty of Sancho the Elder became extinct, the Crown passed in succession to the houses of Champagne (1234), of France, and of Evreux (1349-1441), with the result that Navarre, until the fifteenth century, lived in much closer relations with the French monarchy than with the Spanish states.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14169b.htm

  
 THE ORDER OF OUR LADY OF THE CONCEPTION OF VILA VIÇOSA
He had left two daughters, the elder of whom had died leaving a son, Ranuccio Farnese, Duke of Parma, the younger of whom, the Infanta Catherine, was married to João, 6th Duke of Braganza.
Indeed, the independence of Portugal, which alone among the Iberian Kingdoms managed to survive permanent amalgamation under the Castillian Crown, is in no small measure due to the determination of successive Braganza princes.
This Order was associated both by its name and history most closely with the Royal House, and was an appropriate choice as the principal dynastic Order.
http://www.chivalricorders.org/orders/portugal/vilavic.htm

  
 [No title]
King John III then established a Royal Council with judicial power to administer the affairs of the Order.
The Spanish Habsburgs upon becoming Kings of Portugal (1580) used it abundantly to obtain or confirm loyalties among their reluctant Portuguese subjects and John IV, former Duke of Braganza, upon being acclaimed King of Portugal in 1640, also used the concession of habits and commanderies in the Orders to gain loyalties to the new dynasty.
On the other hand, the grand-mastership of the Orders gave the Crown an important way of rewarding services without having recourse to taxes or other crown revenues which were always scarce.
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/3908/militaryorders/stjamesrev.html

  
 Chapter 6: History of Spain and Portugal
John of Gaunt, uncle to the English Richard II, had married a daughter of the former Castilian king, Pedro the Cruel, and pressed his own claim to the Castilian throne in opposition to the new Trastamara dynasty.
However, he kept Portugal out of war and became perhaps the most popular of all medieval Portuguese kings.
The result was both a civil war and an international war between the Portuguese rebels and the crown of Castile.
http://libro.uca.edu/payne1/payne6.htm

  
 sepintro
Later, anti-Jewish movements became increasingly apparent in the Iberian Peninsula during the political crisis of 1383-1 385, which accentuated the rivalries between Portugal and Castille.
These included the flourishing commune in Santarem which was discovered by the first king of Portugal, D. Afonso Henriques (1139-
Afonso V, however, was to return to the more tolerant policy of the first dynasty and some of the rights thathad been withdrawn were restored, particularly those which allowed Jews to hold public office.
http://www.lusaweb.com/sephardic/html/sepintro.cfm

  
 THE CONSTANT PRINCE - 1433
It was held by Portugal till the house of Aviz was extinguished in Dom Sebastiao, and since that time has belonged to the crown of Spain.
Philippa was greatly beloved in Portugal, and was a most noble-minded woman, who infused her own spirit into her children.
The illustrious days of Portugal were during the century and a half of the dynasty termed the House of Aviz, because its founder, Dom Joao I. had been grand master of the military order of Aviz.
http://www.globusz.com/ebooks/GoldenDeeds/00000033.htm

  
 [No title]
In 1383-85, a disputed succession had led to a revolt and civil war that freed Portugal from the domination of Castile, which was the largest Christian kingdom in Spain. The Battle of Aljubarotta in August 1385, destroyed much of the old nobility and established a new dynasty under João I of Aviz (1385-1433).
Political Factors in the Rise of Portugal For once Warfare and Civil wars have been beneficial.
Its monarchy, which imposed a political and social unity rarely to be found elsewhere in Western Europe outside of England – and certainly not in neighboring Spain for another century, was the critical factor that made Portugal a forerunner in exploration.
http://www.hec.unil.ch/jlambelet/Rapport6_The_Economic_History_Portugal.doc

  
 brief history of Spain
When Henry, the last Aviz king of Portugal, died (1580), Philip claimed Portugal and its also considerable overseas possessions.
When one of its kings died without issue, Aragón chose Ferdinand, regent of Castile, to succeed him as king Ferdinand I (1412-1416).
Both kingdoms were then under branches of the Trastámara dynasty.
http://www.worldhistoryplus.com/s/spain.html

  
 BBC - h2g2 - The Monastery of Alcobaça, Portugal
At his death, King Pedro I was interred in an equally elaborate tomb placed opposite to that of his murdered Queen.
Afonso Henriques died in 1185, before the abbey was finished and is buried at one of his earlier foundations, the Monastery of Santa Cruz in Coimbra.
Three Castilian cauldrons were captured from the baggage train by João's victorious troops.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A2466128

  
 Portuguese Military Orders' Overview
In 1385, having won important and decisive battles against the Castilians, Prince John was proclaimed King of Portugal at the Cortes of Coimbra with the widespread support from the common people, the wealthy merchants from the cities and the lower nobility.
The Order of Aviz only underwent "reform", as late as 1894, and became known as the Royal Military Order of St. Benedict of Aviz [2]
Notwithstanding, they were to become an independent Order by the middle of the XIV th.
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/3908/militaryorders/introd.html

  
 History
Finally, Portugal entered into a single, overwhelming disaster under the impetuous and charismatic King Sebastian, last of the House of Aviz (1568‑78).
Castile was quite confident of success, but surprisingly, the Spanish were not able to solidify their position over two years of indecisive battling.
The extraordinary Monastery of Batalha was built as a result of a pledge made by João beseeching the aid of God in this battle.
http://www.travelnet.co.il/Portugal/03-History.htm

  
 HENRY OF PORTUGAL
He was the third (or, counting children who died in infancy, the fifth) son of John (Joao) I., the founder of the Aviz dynasty, under whom Portugal, victorious against Castile and against the Moors of Morocco, began to take a prominent place among European nations; his mother was Philippa, daughter of John of Gaunt.
HENRY OP PORTUGAL, surnamed the " Navigator &; (1394 – 1460), duke of Viseu, governor of the Algarve, was born at Oporto on the 4th of March 1394.
Disregarding the traditions which assign 1412 or even 1410 as the commencement of these explorations, it appears that in 1415, the year of Ceuta, the prince sent out one John de Trasto on a voyage which brought the Portuguese to Grand Canary.
http://home.t-online.de/home/nikolaus.urban/henry_portugal.html

  
 Portugal Book - Portugal History
Over the next 200 years, the remaining Moors were driven out and the boundaries of Portugal fixed; and it was during this period (in 1143) that Portugal first became recognised as an independent entity under the rule of King Afonso Henriques.
One of the princesses of the royal house, Catherine, married Charles II of England, confirming the friendly relations between the two countries which date back to the 14th century.
The Castilians were themselves expelled in 1385 after defeat at the hands of João of Aviz (who became King João I) at the Battle of Aljubarotta.
http://www.portugal-book.com/history.htm

  
 File 2 - 1400-1450 - Merchants and Bankers Listings
Afonso V (Aviz), "The African", King Portugal 1438-1481.
1418: In Vietnam, further uprising against the Chinese, led by aristocrat landowner, Le L'oi, founder of a dynasty which is to rule Vietnam for 360 years.
But they are blown off course and discover Madeira/Porto Santo.
http://www.danbyrnes.com.au/merchants/merchants2.htm

  
 A Resource List for SCAdian Iberians
This was also a period of civil war, when the Aviz dynasty rose to power in Portugal, and the Trastamaras rose to power in Castille and later in Aragon.
This was also the Age of Exploration, when the Iberian cultural sphere of influence suddenly grew from the peninsula to encompass at first the nearby islands like the Balearics and the Canaries, to huge swathes of the New World, Africa, and the Indies.
Those who refused to leave went underground and became Moriscos and Marranos, living dual lives in fear and following hidden faiths.
http://pages.ripco.net/~clevin/list.html

  
 PORTUGAL
Duke of Burgundy (died 1071), a member of the Royal House of France, established himself as ruler of a substantial portion of modern Portugal, with the title Count, circa 1093, and was father of Alfonso I (died 1185), who assumed the title King of Portugal ca 1139.
The eldest, Carlos I (b 28 Sep 1863; assassinated 1 Feb 1908) succeeded his father 1889, while the younger Infant Dom Alfonso, Duke of Porto, died in exile in Naples 21 Feb 1920 (without issue by his morganatic wife).
The House of Aviz, as John’s descendants became, was extinguished in the legitimate male line with the death of Henry I, Cardinal King in 1580, when the throne was assumed by his nephew, Philip II King of Spain.
http://www.chivalricorders.org/royalty/gotha/porthist.htm

  
 dodc - pafn15 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
On his father's death, in 1367, his half-brother Ferdinand became king and embarked on
The eldest son of John, 3rd Baron Neville, he was knighted during a French expedition in 1380, succeeded to his father's barony in 1388, and was created Earl of Westmorland on Sept. 29, 1397.
Castile also caused unrest and, on Ferdinand's death, precipitated one of the most serious dynastic
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~randallancestry/odrzl/pafn15.htm

  
 Article about "Henry of Portugal" in the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004
The Cardinal-King died without having appointed a Council of Regency to choose a successor.
He served as regent for his grand-nephew, Sebastião, after 1557, and then succeeded him as king after the disastrous Battle of Alcazarquivir in 1578.
Henry renounced his clerical offices and sought to take a bride for the continuation of the Aviz dynasty, but Pope Gregory XIII, affiliated with the Habsburgs did not release him from his vows.
http://july.fixedreference.org/en/20040724/wikipedia/Henry_of_Portugal

  
 Portugal
Sebastian was succeeded by his uncle, the senile Cardinal Henry, last of the Aviz dynasty, who died in 1580.
England recognized the Braganza dynasty in 1662 when Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza, who brought in her dowry Bombay and Tangier.
In order to preserve Portugal’s independence of Castile, the Cortes asserted its right to elect the new king, choosing John I (ruled 1385–1433), an illegitimate brother of Ferdinand and the first king of the house of Aviz.
http://www.uk.tiscali.com/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0019843.html

  
 Portugal History - Portugal Travel Team
At this time began the long alliance of Portugal with England.
His rash Moroccan campaign was a national catastrophe, and he was killed at Ksar el Kebir (1578); but the lack of certainty over his death led to a legend that he would return, and Sebastianism (a messianic faith) persisted into the 19th cent.
John founded the Aviz dynasty and his reign (1385-1433) commenced the most glorious period of Portuguese history.
http://www.portugal-travelteam.com/resources/phist.html

  
 Feudal Spanish (DBA 104)
A fifth military order, Montesa, was formed in 1312 following the breakup of the Templars and saw little action.
There were also four Military Orders of Knights in feudal Iberia: Avis or Aviz, Alcantara in 1156, and Calatrava in 1158, and Santiago (or the Order of St. James of the Sword) in 1164.
http://www.fanaticus.org/dba/armies/dba104.html

  
 JOSE MARIA ECA DE QUEIROZ - LoveToKnow Article on JOSE MARIA ECA DE QUEIROZ
He founded the Portuguese Realist-Naturalist school, of which he remained for the rest of his life the chief exponent, by a powerful romance, The Crime of Father Amaro, written in 1871 at Leiria but only issued in 1875.
The Franco-German War of 1870, however, by lowering the prestige of France, proved the herald of a national Portuguese revival, and had a great influence on Queiroz, as also had his friend Oliveira Martins (q.v.), the biographer of the patriot kings of the Aviz dynasty.
This phase lasted for some years, and even when he travelled in the East he was inclined to see it with the eyes of Flaubert, though the publication of The Relic and that delightful prose poem Sweet Miracle afterwards showed that he had been directly impressed and deeply penetrated by its scenery, poetry and mysticism.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/E/EC/ECA_DE_QUEIROZ_JOSE_MARIA.htm

  
 Kings of Portugal family tree
See also : Portugal - List of Portuguese monarchs
2 Second Dynasty: Aviz and Third Dynasty: Habsburg
http://www.fact-index.com/k/ki/kings_of_portugal_family_tree.html

  
 * Irene's Country Corner * - Brasil - 503 Years of History
In the fourteenth century, King Dom Fernando I, ninth king of Portugal and the last of the House of Bourgon, married Dona Leonor Teles instead of the daughter of the king of Castile, to whom he had promise to marry.
Many kings succeeded this first king of Portugal until the year of 1383, when the dynasty of Bourgon was replaced by Aviz.
In 1179, Pope Alexander III named Afonso Henriques, Afonso I of Bourgon.
http://www.irenescorner.com/home/braziliancorner/history/history01.htm

  
 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. - Book Information
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Udaipur Kingdom; Uighur Empire; Ulster Kingdom; Umayyad Dynasty; United Arab Emirates; Urartu Kingdom; Ur-Nammu; Uthman dan Fodio; Utkala (Orissa) Kingdom; Uzbek Kingdom
Oaths and oath-taking; Oda Nobunaga; Olaf II (Saint Olaf); Oldenburg Dynasty; Olmec Kingdom; Orange-Nassau, House of; Osei Tutu; Osman I; Ostrogoth Kingdoms; Otto I, the Great; Ottoman Empire; Ottonian Dynasty; Oudh (Avadh) Kingdom
http://www.mesharpe.com/mall/resultsa.asp?Title=World+Monarchies+and+Dynasties

  
 EU-Projekt 2026
Under the Aviz Dynasty (1385-1580), Evora became the second most important city of the kingdom after Lisbon.
This marked the beginning of a period of development which continued until the 16th century.
In the 16th century, Evora reached its golden era as witnessed by a number of architectural realisations.
http://www.uni-mainz.de/FB/Chemie/AKUnger/eu2026/evora2000links.html

  
 fgjh
Alfonso III the Moors were driven out and the kingdom consolidated.
The reign of John I (r.1385-1433), founder of the Aviz dynasty, introduced Portugal's glorious period of colonial and maritime expansion; by the 15th cent.
http://toze.50megs.com/portugal/portugal.htm

  
 H-ANTISEMITISM OCCASIONAL PAPERS, NO. 1M
The Aviz Dynasty, Portugal's royal house during the fifteenth century, set up fortifications to protect their nation's African trade, which not only included African slaves, but also gold, ivory, and pepper.
They were more than willing to defend their economic interests abroad with the same violent tactics which they had acquired during years of bloody North African "Crusades" against the Moors.
These forts, the first of which was established at Arguin Island off the West North African Coast, became the prototype for European forts in the New World; part military fortification, part "trading-post." Later, such entities became familiar, even mythical, fixtures of the American frontier.
http://www.h-net.msu.edu/~antis/papers/occasional.papers.html

  
 JewishEncyclopedia.com - LISBON:
This is evidenced by the edict issued Feb. 7, 1537, by John III., in which the Jews were ordered to wear badges so that they might be distinguished from Christians.
As a sign of their gratitude, the Jews, in addition to their contribution to the gift of 10,000 livres made to the king by the city, presented to him 70 marks and made him a loan of 1,000 reis.
A greater spirit of tolerance toward the Jews began to prevail in government circles with the accession of the Braganza dynasty (1640), which had been considerably assisted by Jewish financiers in its struggles against Philip IV.
http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=456&letter=L

  
 Especialtur - Group Travel Sepcialists - Incentives - Meetings
Close by is the Basilica of FATIMA, a most important Marian center of devolution and pilgrimage in the catholic world.
The church contains the magnificent medieval tombs of King Pedro and Queen Ines, whose love tale story inspired many poets all over the world.
Not too far, stands the impressive Gothic Monastery of BATALHA, with the mausoleum of the Dynasty of Aviz founders and parents of Prince Henry the Navigator.
http://www.veleiro.com/especialtur/lisbon.htm

  
 VirtualTourist.com - dlytle's Lagos Must See Activity Tips
Just before they set sail, Sebastian, then aged 21, is said to have given a final pep-talk to his troops from a small Manueline-style window, which you can see, fairly high up, in a corner of the town walls just to the left of Henry's statue.
Lagos also has a third statue, one of the boy-king, Sebastiao, who precipitated the demise of the Aviz dynasty in the 16th century by sailing from Lagos to a disastrous defeat in Morocco.
http://www.virtualtourist.com/m/53022/45ec2/4?o=2

  
 The Jews In Portugal
He was however a noble, as he was the grandson of a Portuguese king, Duarte (brother of Prince Henry the Navigator) and great-grandson of the English Philippa of Lancaster, Queen of Portugal, who initiated the Aviz dynasty.
http://www.saudades.org/chapivjewsinport.htm

  
 Discoverers Web: Henry the Navigator
In 1415 he and his brothers lead the Portuguese army in the conquest of Ceuta, a Muslim stronghold in Morocco.
Henry was born in 1394 as one of the sons of the Portuguese King John I, founder of the Aviz dynasty.
In creating this article the following book was used:
http://www.win.tue.nl/cs/fm/engels/discovery/henry.html

  
 The Order of Christ
Today the laicised successor of the Portuguese Order is the second highest civil merit Order of the Portuguese Republic and its history is outlined in a later chapter (see also Portuguese Order of Christ).
The first Grand Master, Dom Gil Martins or Martinez had been a knight of Saint Benedict of Aviz, originally a branch of the Order of Calatrava.
Her administration was neglected and the vast revenues from the Americas used to shore up the crumbling perimeter of the Spanish Empire.
http://www.papalhonorees.org/christ.htm

  
 Second Examination
The types of officials and institutions through which the Crowns of Castile and Portugual exercised authority in their dominions.
The impact on the world's various regions of the increasing interconnection of the biota of the Americas with that of Afroeurasia.
The impact of Church institutions and the regular and secular clergy on the social and cultural environments of the territories of the Aviz, Trastámara, and Habsburg dynasties.
http://www.isu.edu/~owenjack/spemp/reading.19.html

  
 Myth of Tamil-Malayali Divide, or, how Kerala is an integral part of Tamil Nadu.
In a poem by nakkIrar of Madurai of pANTiya country praising a person of Coza country, (puRa.395) we find the following.
....The new Cera or Kerala dynasty had its capital city at makOtai or mahOdayapuram, which is identified with modern koduGgallUr.
Now, if this were so, then the partition of Tamil Nadu into a `Pandya Nadu,' and a `Chola Nadu' would be fully justified using this self-same reasoning.
http://www.dalitstan.org/tamil/tamil002.html

  
 HISTORY OF PORTUGAL
dynasty, which took power after the defeat of the Spanish, lasted until the mid-19
http://www.vsilva.fsnet.co.uk/portugalhistory.htm

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