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Topic: Austrian Empire


  
 Brief History of Empires Earth
Allied with the vengeful Austrian Empire was the French Empire, and the states of south Germany and Italy, all of which feared that the successful unification of Germany under Prussia would lead to their gradual decline.
The British Empire and the United States fought a naval war in 1888-89 that led to the establishment of New England as a British Dominion and the annexation of the southern half of Upper Canada to the Union.
France was allowed to annex the Francophone provinces of the southern half of Belgium and western Flanders; the remainder of Belgium, with an overwhelmingly Netherlandophone population, was transferred to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, as "compensation" for the loss of the eastern half of the Dutch East Indies to the German Empire.
http://www.ahtg.net/emphist.html   (6193 words)

  
 HABSBURG - LoveToKnow Article on HABSBURG
Tinder the guardianship of his kinsman, the emperor Frederick III., the young princes reign was a troubled one, and when he died unmarried in 1457 his branch of the family became extinct, and Hungary and Bohemia passed away from the Habsburgs, who managed, however, to retain Austria.
The emperor Francis I. died in 1765 and was succeeded by his son Joseph II., an ambitious and able prince, whose aim was to restore the Habsburgs and the Empire to their former great positions in Europe, and whose pride did not prevent him from learning from Frederick the Great,- the despoiler of his house.
Rudolph died in 1612, the reigning emperor Matthias was old and ill, and the question of the succession to the Empire, to the kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia, and to the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs became acute.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/H/HA/HABSBURG.htm   (6193 words)

  
 Austria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
With the short exception of Charles VII Albert of Bavaria, Austrian Habsburgs held the position of German Emperor beginning in 1438 with Albert II of Habsburg until the end of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Slovenians in the Austrian state of Styria (estimated at a number between 1,600 and 5,000) are not recognized as a minority and do not enjoy special rights, although the State Treaty of July 27, 1955 states otherwise.
The Austrian portion of the Viennese basin comprises the remaining 4%.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria   (3087 words)

  
 Habsburg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
However, the heiress of the last Austrian Habsburg (Maria Theresa) had married Francis Stephan Duke of Lorraine, (both of them were great-grandchildren of Habsburg Emperor Ferdinand III, but from different empresses) and their descendants carried on the Habsburg tradition from Vienna under the dynastic name Habsburg-Lorraine.
The Austrian Habsburgs held (after 1556) the title of Holy Roman Emperor, as well as the Habsburg Hereditary Lands and the Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary, while the Spanish Habsburgs ruled over the Spanish kingdoms, the Netherlands, the Habsburgs' Italian possessions, and, for a time, Portugal.
Charles I was expelled from his domains after World War I and the empire was abolished.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsburg   (3087 words)

  
 Austria-Hungary - Wikipedia
On June 28, 1914, Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, heir presumptive to his uncle the Emperor Franz Josef (Franz Josef's only son had died under still-mysterious circumstances, and Mexican republicans had executed the Emperor's brother), visited the Bosnian capital Sarajevo where Bosnian Serb militants of the nationalist group The Black Hand assassinated him.
In April 1919 Vorarlberg, the westernmost province of Austria, voted by a large majority to join Switzerland; however both the Swiss and the Allies ignored the vote.
On one notable occasion, that of the so-called "ordinance of April 5, 1897", the Austrian Prime Minister Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni gave Czech equal standing with German in the internal government of Bohemia, leading to a crisis because of nationalist German agitation throughout the Empire.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary   (3087 words)

  
 Austrian Constitution of 4 March 1849
Every Austrian citizen, in order to be eligible to the Lower House must be 30 years old, and have been acknowledged to have been in the full enjoyment of his municipal and political rights for at least 5 years.
All Austrian citizens are equal in the eye of the law and are liable to the same legal treatment.
The Parliament has a right to take part in the making of laws on those affairs which in the Constitution of the empire are described as affairs of the empire.
http://www.geocities.com/dagtho/austrianconst18490304.html   (3087 words)

  
 Holy Roman Empire: Definition and Much More From Answers.com
Some countries (e.g., Hungary) were ruled by the emperor or imperial prince but were outside the empire, while others (e.g., Flanders, Pomerania, Schleswig, and Holstein) were part of the empire but were ruled by foreign princes who held their lands in fief from the emperor and took part in the imperial diet.
Emperors continued to be crowned by the pope until after the coronation (1530) of Charles V. Thereafter, following the precedent (1508) of Maximilian I, they were crowned at Frankfurt.
Subsequent struggles between the popes Alexander III, Gregory IX, and Innocent IV and the emperors Frederick I and Frederick II concerned papal sovereignty in Italy.
http://www.answers.com/topic/holy-roman-empire   (3087 words)

  
 Hapsburgs
During the Revolutions of 1848, which endangered the existence of the multinational Habsburg empire, Ferdinand was compelled to abdicate in favor of his nephew, Francis Joseph.
The new Austrian republic consequently banished the Habsburgs in 1919.
As a Habsburg, Ferdinand became Holy Roman Emperor in 1619 and, allied with Bavaria and the Catholic League, defeated the Bohemians at the Battle of White Mountain in 1620.
http://www.geocities.com/historyofaustria/habsburgs.html   (3087 words)

  
 Royalty.nu - The Habsburgs
The Habsburg Monarchy, 1809-1918: A History of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary by Alan John Percivale Taylor.
The Habsburg Monarchy 1490-1848: Attributes of Empire by Paula Sutter Fichtner.
The Remnants of the Habsburg Monarchy by John C. Swanson is about the Austrian and Hungarian governments after the First World War.
http://www.royalty.nu/Europe/Austria/Habsburgs.html   (3087 words)

  
 Nation, Austria
The military and political defeats that the old Austrian princely state had repeatedly suffered compelled the Court to yield temporarily.
The empire of the Habsburgs was erected by Ferdinand II on the ruins of the freedoms of the estates and the ruins of Protestantism.
That holds true of the state of the Austrian Habsburgs, from the Ferdinand who as German emperor was called the First to the Ferdinand who as Austrian emperor was the only one of that name, just as it holds true of all other states of that time.
http://www.mises.org/nsande/pt1iich3~b.asp   (3087 words)

  
 History of THE AUSTRIAN EMPIRE
But the Austrian empire remains securely in Habsburg hands until its demise, along with the separate German empire, at the end of World War I. The story of Austria blends, from 1556, with that of a wider Austrian empire.
This empire, ruled from Vienna, includes many long-established German-speaking Habsburg territories and two important kingdoms acquired in the early 16th century- Bohemia and Hungary.
The far-flung dynastic realm of the Habsburg family (medieval in concept, although compiled by Maximilian I as recently as the 15th century) is thus split into two empires- of Spain and Austria- held by separate Habsburg dynasties.
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab39   (3087 words)

  
 Yugoslavia The Slovenes - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System
Revolution convulsed Europe in 1848, and demonstrators in cities throughout the Austrian Empire called for constitutional monarchy.
Military defeats in 1859 and 1866 exposed the internal weakness of the Austrian Empire, and in 1867 Austria attempted to revitalize itself by joining with Hungary to form the Dual Monarchy (see Glossary).
Despite his campaign to Germanize the Austrian Empire, Emperor Joseph II (1780-90) encouraged translation of educational materials into Slovenian.
http://workmall.com/wfb2001/yugoslavia/yugoslavia_history_the_slovenes.html   (3087 words)

  
 Austria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
With the short exception of Charles VII Albert of Bavaria, Austrian Habsburgs held the position of German Emperor beginning in 1438 with Albert II of Habsburg until the end of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Austrian federal states of Carinthia and Styria are home to a significant (indigenous) Slovenian minority with around 14,000 members (official census; inofficial numbers of Slovene organisations speak of about 40,000).
The Austrian foothills of the Alps and the Carpathians account for around 12 percent of its landmass with the foothills in the East and Austrian area around the periphery of the Pannoni low country amounting to approximately another 12 percent.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria   (3087 words)

  
 JewishEncyclopedia.com - COURT JEWS:
Oppenheimer, who was appointed chief court factor, together with his two sons Emanuel and Wolf, and Wertheimer, who was at first associated with him, devoted their time and talents to the service of Austria and the House of Hapsburg: during the Rhenish, French, Turkish, and Spanish wars they loaned
Court Jews, called also court factors, and court or chamber agents, played a part at the courts of the Austrian emperors and the German princes in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and at the beginning of the nineteenth.
They were permitted to stay wherever the emperor held his court, and to live anywhere in the German empire, even in places where no other Jews were allowed.
http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=832&letter=C   (3087 words)

  
 Comparative Criminology Europe - Austria
A new US-Austrian Extradition Treaty was ratified by Austria in mid-1998, approved by the U.S. Senate in October 1998, and is pending ratification.
The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state.
Austrian exports to the United States in 2001 were $3.7 billion or 5.3% of total Austrian exports.
http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/faculty/rwinslow/europe/austria.html   (8320 words)

  
 Austrian School
The early Austrian School was to influence economists beyond the boundaries of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The "First" Generation of the Austrian School was composed of a pair Austrian professors who, although not directly students of Menger, were nonetheless heavily influenced by him: Friedrich von Wieser and Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk.
Out of this, he managed to forge still another generation of Austrian economists- the fourth or "American" generation - which included such figures as Murray N. Rothbard and Israel
http://dks.thing.net/Austrian_School.html   (4549 words)

  
 > Austrian abcworld.net
The Slovenians in the Austrian state of Styria (estimated at a number between 1,600 and 5,000) are not recognized as a minority and do not enjoy special rights, although the State Treaty of July 27, 1955 states otherwise.
The Austrian portion of the Viennese basin comprises the remaining 4%.
Known as the Austrian granite plateau, it is located in the central area of the Bohemian Mass, and accounts for 10% of Austria.
http://www.abcworld.net/Austrian.html   (3136 words)

  
 History of the unification of Austria and Germany on March 12, 1938 (der Anschluss)
By 1882, the original German state of Austria had grown to be a multi-ethnic empire called Austria-Hungary; it included the territory which, after World War I, became the independant countries of Austria, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Romania, and one third of the new independent country of Poland.
Austrians were singing the anthem of the Pan-Germans while the Jews were singing their anthem called "Hope" which is now the national anthem of Israel.
The articles pertaining to the Anschluss had to be removed from both the German and the Austrian constitutions which had already been written, based on Point number 5 of the Armistice signed by the Allies which guaranteed self-determination to all the ethnic groups in Europe.
http://www.scrapbookpages.com/Austria/Anschluss01.html   (3136 words)

  
 wp943.htm
When the Socialist party got 54 percent of the vote in the first municipal election after the breakup of the Habsburg empire, they were able to replace the old city government, which had been composed predominately of property owners.
By doing so, the party started on a path that led eventually to weakened party loyalties, decreased voter support, and a decline in socialist politics in the 1980s.
As Anton Pelinka has stated, "Neither the politicians nor the parties were new, but the politics were renewed.
http://www.cas.umn.edu/wp943.htm   (7097 words)

  
 Austrian Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
By 16 February 1934 the Austrian Civil War had ended.
After the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (following World War I), the state of Austria- comprising, by and large, the German-speaking parts of the former empire - became constituted as a parliamentary democracy.
The Austrian Civil War, also known as the February Uprising, is a term sometimes used for a few days of skirmishes between socialist and conservative forces between 12 February and 16 February 1934 in Austria.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_Civil_War   (1243 words)

  
 Palacký, František on Encyclopedia.com
After the suppression of the liberal and nationalist uprisings of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, Palacký became disillusioned.
His paraphrase of Voltaire— “If the Austrian Empire did not exist, it would have to be invented” —remains famous.
He withdrew from political activity until 1861, when he became a deputy to the Austrian parliament.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/P/Palacky.asp   (1243 words)

  
 WHKMLA : History of Austria, 1519-1618
This resulted in the split of the Habsburg dynasty in a Spanish and an Austrian line, and was one of the causes for the Dutch revolt.
The Austrian Habsburgs, despite all there titles, were permanently in the red.
Emperor Charles V. could claim that in his Empire, the sun never set (it included the Spanish colonies in America and the Philippines).
http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/au15191618.html   (1243 words)

  
 German boys clothes: regional differences Volksdeutsche Vertriebenen
Czecheslovakia was before World War I a part of the Austo-Hungarian Empire with its Austrian monarchy.
Hungary was before World War I a part of the Austo-Hungarian Empire with its Austrian monarchy.
While the Austrian-Hungarian Empire existed many lived in the political structure of a German-speaking Austrian monarchy, but this changed in 1918-19 with the collapse of the Austrian Empire as well as the loss of German territory.
http://histclo.hispeed.com/country/ger/reg/gr-fd.html   (1243 words)

  
 AllRefer.com - Austria - Territorial Expansion, Division, and Consolidation Austrian Information Resource
The End of the Habsburg Empire and the Birth of the Austrian Republic
The 1945 Election and Consolidation of the Austrian Government
Although Ferdinand did not become Holy Roman Emperor until 1556 when Charles V abdicated, this territorial division effectively created two branches of the Habsburg Dynasty: the Spanish Habsburgs, descended through Charles V, and the Austrian Habsburgs, descended through Ferdinand (see fig.
http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/austria/austria17.html   (1243 words)

  
 The Other Treaties
Treaty of Sèvres, The last of the treaties that ended World War I was negotiated between the Allied powers and the Ottoman Empire.
It was a fair and responsible treaty that left Turkey better off than it had been before the war, because all of the territories lost were really non-Turkish and had been perpetual military and economic problems for the old empire.
The Austrian army was limited to 30,000 men, and Austria agreed to pay economic reparations to Allied nations that had been victims of Austro-Hungarian aggression.
http://fp.miranda.f9.co.uk/ww1/treaties.html   (1243 words)

  
 Istria on the Internet - Heraldy - Austria-Hungary
It received its actual name by the diploma of the emperor Francis Joseph I. of the 14th of November 1868, replacing the name ofÂ’the Austrian Empire under which the dominions under his sceptre were formerly known.
The unity of the monarchy was expressed in the common head of the state, who bore the title Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary, and in the common administration of a series of affairs, which affected both halves of the Dual Monarchy.
The Kingdom of Illyria was created in 1816 by Emperor Franz I from the Austrian possessions along the coast of the Adriatic Sea, together with parts of present Italy, Croatia, Austria and Slovenia.
http://www.istrianet.org/istria/heraldry/austria-hungary   (1243 words)

  
 Collecting Coins of the Austrian Empire 1892 - 1918
Compared to similarly dated United States issues, Austrian Empire coins are a bargin.
Since United States coins are aggressively collected and Austrian Empire coins are not, the Indian Head cent has become valueable while the 2 Heller remains near worthless.
Another reason to pick Austrian Empire coins is that they are easy and cheap to collect.
http://www.krischanphoto.com/austria/coins/collecting.htm   (604 words)

  
 German Genealogy: Habsburg Empire
The Austrian Empire had formerly been a leading state of the centuries-old Holy Roman Empire.
Over the next century, there were additions to the Empire, as for example when in 1846 when the city of Cracow participated in the Polish Revolution and the Empire took the opportunity to annex the city and surrounding area to Galicia.
In 1878, the Empire was given the right to occupy the duchies of Bosnia and Hercegovina, even though they were nominally still under the control of the Ottoman Empire.
http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/AUT/aut-hun.html   (1999 words)

  
 Gateway: Atomic League Timeline
Shortly following victory at the ballot box, the American Empire Party reestablishes the Presidency with even stronger powers, reduces Congress to an ineffectual body by transferring power to the appointed Cabinet, and attempts to "re-establish the old order" as fully as possible.
1937 - In perhaps one of the most eventful elections of the Twentieth Century, the American Empire Party gains a majority government in the American Republic.
Some of the first projects of the League are the "decolonization" of Japan, assisting that country in reconstructing an independent government after the end of American occupation, and in overseeing the transition of power to the Ottoman and Austrian successor states.
http://gateway.alternatehistory.com/timelines/AtomicLeague.html   (1999 words)

  
 Austria country studies
The the End of the Habsburg Empire and the Birth of the Austrian Republic
The 1945 Election and Consolidation of the Austrian Government
The Pragmatic Sanction and the War of the Austrian Succession, 1740-48
http://country-studies.com/austria   (1999 words)

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