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| | BBC NEWS World Europe Country profiles Timeline: Soviet Union |
 | | 1977- Brezhnev elected president under new constitution. | | | 1924 - Soviet Union adopts constitution based on the dictatorship of the proletariat and stipulating the public ownership of land and the means of production; Lenin dies and is replaced by Joseph Stalin. | | | 1990 - Soviet troops sent to Azerbaijan following inter-ethnic killings between Armenians and Azeris; Communist Party votes to end one-party rule; Gorbachev opposes independence of Baltic states and imposes sanctions on Lithuania; Yeltsin elected president of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic by the latter's parliament and leaves the Soviet Communist Party. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1112551.stm
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| | Encyclopedia article on Soviet Union [EncycloZine] |
| | According to the most recent Soviet Constitution of 1977, the Soviet Union theoretically was a federal state consisting of fifteen republics joined together in a voluntary union and the government had a federal structure ( see Constitution of the Soviet Union). | | | The highest government legislative body was the Supreme Soviet. | | | The Soviet Union became a member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945. |
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http://encyclozine.com/Soviet_Union
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| | 1977 Soviet Constitution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | On October 7, 1977, the Supreme Soviet unanimously adopted the fourth and last Soviet Constitution, also known as the "Brezhnev" Constitution. | | | Adoption of the Constitution was a legislative act of the Supreme Soviet. | | | Unlike bourgeois democratic constitutions, the Soviet Constitution placed limitations on political rights, whereas in bourgeois democratic countries these limitations are usually left up to the federal legislative or judicial systems, or state constitutions and their corresponding executive, legislative and judicial systems. |
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http://www.northmiami.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/1977_Soviet_Constitution
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| | 1977 Soviet Constitution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | At the Seventh (Special) Session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Ninth Convocation on October 7, 1977, the fourth and last Soviet Constitution, also known as the "Brezhnev" Constitution, was unanimously adopted. | | | Adoption of the Constitution was a legislative act of the Supreme Soviet. | | | Unlike bourgeois democratic constitutions, the Soviet Constitution placed limitations on political rights, whereas in bourgeois democratic countries these limitations are usually left up to the federal legislative or judicial systems, or state constitutions and their corresponding executive, legislative and judicial systems. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977_Soviet_Constitution
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| | Communist party, in Russia and the Soviet Union. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 |
| | The party gained a legal monopoly in the Soviet constitution of 1977 (other parties had been banned since 1921), but otherwise the period was one of stagnation after the failure of Khrushchev& reforms. | | | In what was seen as a pragmatic alliance, the parties supporting with President Putin joined in coalition with the Communists in the Duma, but in Apr., 2002, that alliance collapsed, and most Communist party members were stripped of their leadership positions in the Duma. | | | While party debates in the party congresses of the 1920s were stormy and intraparty democracy was still evident, by the 16th party congress (1929) Stalin established virtual supremacy. |
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| | Anthems of 15 Union republics |
| | Later, the population in different republics grew unevenly and the listing in the Constitution became no longer properly sorted by population, but it was kept unaltered in the 1977 Constitution. | | | The anthems appear on the CD in the same order in which the Union republics are listed in the Constitution of the USSR (see Chapter 8, Article 71). | | | In the Constitution, they were initially listed in the order of decreasing population (according to the 1940 statistics, at least). |
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http://www.vad1.com/anthems/15-union-republics
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| | Republics of the Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Under the constitution adopted in 1936 and modified along the way until October 1977, the political foundation of the | | | In addition, liberalization led to fractures within the party hierarchy which reduced Soviet control over the republics. | | | An attempt to declare the Polish Soviet Socialist Republic was made during the Soviet assault in the Polish-Soviet War of 1919-1922, by the Polish Provisional Revolutionary Committee headed by Julian Marchlewski in Bialystok. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_socialist_republic
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| | Soviet Union |
| | According to the most recent Soviet Constitution of 1977, the Soviet Union theoretically was a federal state consisting of fifteen republics joined together in a voluntary union and the government had a federal structure (see Constitution of the Soviet Union). | | | The highest government legislative body was the Supreme Soviet. | | | Growing tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States, its former wartime ally and the other superpower, led to the Cold War. |
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http://www.wikiverse.org/soviet-union
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| | Encyclopedia article on Soviet Union [EncycloZine] |
| | According to the most recent Soviet Constitution of 1977, the Soviet Union theoretically was a federal state consisting of fifteen republics joined together in a voluntary union and the government had a federal structure ( see Constitution of the Soviet Union). | | | The highest government legislative body was the Supreme Soviet. | | | The Soviet Union became a member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945. |
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http://encyclozine.com/Soviet_Union
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| | Republics of the Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Under the constitution adopted in 1936 and modified along the way until October 1977, the political foundation of the | | | In addition, liberalization led to fractures within the party hierarchy which reduced Soviet control over the republics. | | | Soviet Union was formed by the Soviets (Councils) of People's Deputies. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Socialist_Republics
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| | MSN Encarta - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
| | Article 36 of the Soviet constitution of 1977 enshrined citizens’ right to use their mother tongues “and the languages of the other peoples of the USSR.” In fact, the Russian language was advantaged, though not to the exclusion of others. | | | The Soviet Union had no official state language, but Russian was the preferred language of government and economics, the sole language of military command, and the medium of communication within the CPSU. | | | The Soviet Union screened schoolchildren to find talented athletes at an early age, sometimes as young as five or six; those selected for competitive sports were sometimes sent to special schools for that purpose. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761553017_2/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics.html
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| | POSC 432/632 |
| | Robert Sharlet, "The New Soviet Constitution of 1977," in Hoffmann and Laird, eds., The Soviet Polity in the Modern Era, pp. | | | The 1977 Soviet Constitution (the "Brezhnev Constitution"), Pravda or Izvestiya, October 8, 1977, or Current Digest of the Soviet Press (CDSP), 1977, no. 41, pp. | | | A suggested text, which concentrates on the last years of the Soviet regime is Alfred J. Rieber and Alvin Z. Rubinstein, eds., Perestroika at the Crossroads (1991). |
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http://www.udel.edu/poscir/yby/PSOV-syllabus.html
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| | 1977 Soviet Constitution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | At the Seventh (Special) Session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Ninth Convocation on October 7, 1977, the fourth and last Soviet Constitution, also known as the "Brezhnev" Constitution, was unanimously adopted. | | | Nevertheless, the 1977 Constitution attempted to avoid frequent amendment by establishing regulations for government bodies in separate, but equally authoritative, enabling legislation, such as the Law on the Council of Ministers of July 5, 1978. | | | Unlike bourgeois democratic constitutions, the Soviet Constitution placed limitations on political rights, whereas in bourgeois democratic countries these limitations are usually left up to the federal legislative or judicial systems, or state constitutions and their corresponding executive, legislative and judicial systems. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977_Soviet_Constitution
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| | 1977 Soviet Constitution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | At the Seventh (Special) Session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Ninth Convocation on October 7, 1977, the fourth and last Soviet Constitution, also known as the "Brezhnev" Constitution, was unanimously adopted. | | | Unlike bourgeois democratic constitutions, the Soviet Constitution placed limitations on political rights, whereas in bourgeois democratic countries these limitations are usually left up to the federal legislative or judicial systems, or state constitutions and their corresponding executive, legislative and judicial systems. | | | Nevertheless, the 1977 Constitution attempted to avoid frequent amendment by establishing regulations for government bodies in separate, but equally authoritative, enabling legislation, such as the Law on the Council of Ministers of July 5, 1978. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977_Soviet_Constitution
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| | ipedia.com: Constitution of the Soviet Union Article |
| | The Soviet Union was governed by four separate constitutions in the course of its existence: 1918 Soviet Constitution 1924 Soviet Constitution 1936 Soviet Constitution 1977 Soviet Constitution The pol... | | | Soviet constitutions appeared to guarantee certain political rights, such as freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom of religion. | | | Finally, Soviet constitutions specified the form and content of state symbols, such as the arms, the flag, and the state anthem. |
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http://www.ipedia.com/constitution_of_the_soviet_union.html
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| | ipedia.com: Constitution of the Soviet Union Article |
| | The Soviet Union was governed by four separate constitutions in the course of its existence: 1918 Soviet Constitution 1924 Soviet Constitution 1936 Soviet Constitution 1977 Soviet Constitution The pol... | | | Soviet constitutions appeared to guarantee certain political rights, such as freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom of religion. | | | Finally, Soviet constitutions specified the form and content of state symbols, such as the arms, the flag, and the state anthem. |
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http://www.ipedia.com/constitution_of_the_soviet_union.html
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| | USSR: Government, Defense |
| | The party was described in the 1977 constitution as the "leading and guiding force of Soviet society and the nucleus of its political system, of all state organizations and public organizations." Its reach extended into all branches of government, nearly all sectors of the economy, and foreign as well as domestic policymaking. | | | The last Soviet constitution, which was adopted on October 7, 1977, changed little if anything in the 1936 constitution, but added material about individual rights and responsibilities and the world mission of Communist ideology. | | | The Supreme Soviet was divided into two 271-member councils: the Council of the Union, apportioned by population, and the Council of Nationalities, which provided equal representation for the constituent republics and autonomous regions. |
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http://members.aol.com/kwiersma/ussr_govern.html
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| | Russia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | Administratively, the Federation has relied on regional divisions inherited from the Stalin and Brezhnev constitutions of 1936 and 1977. | | | The current constitution of the Russian Federation was approved in Dec., 1993; it replaced the constitution that the country had inherited from the RSFSR and subsequently amended. | | | The head of state is a popularly elected president whose powers were substantially increased under the new constitution. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/ru/Russia.html
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| | Bashkortostan: Opposition Denounces Dictatorship At Moscow Protest |
| | So the split of USSR in 1991 after failed anti-Gorbachev coup into 15 independent countries was perfectly constitutional according to 1977 Soviet Constitution. | | | Kyrgyzstan and 14 other Union republics of USSR simply used an Article 72 of the 1977 Soviet Constitution (aka. | | | Article 70 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is an integral, federal, multinational state formed on the principle of socialist federalism as a result of the free self-determination of nations and the voluntary association of equal Soviet Socialist Republics. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1380026/posts
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| | Soviet Union |
| | Main article: Politics of the Soviet Union According to the most recent Soviet Constitution of 1977, the Soviet Union theoretically was a federal state consisting of fifteen republics joined together in a voluntary union and the government had a federal structure (see Constitution of the Soviet Union). | | | Russia was by far the largest Republic in the Soviet Union, dominating in nearly all respects: land area, population, economic output, and political influence. | | | As the Russian republic's Boris Yeltsin eclipsed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in power, the Soviet Union was peacefully dissolved in December 1991. |
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http://www.aseannewsnetwork.com/articles/content/s/so/soviet_union.html
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| | Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | According to the 1977 Soviet Constitution, the government had a federal structure, permitting the republics some authority over policy implementation and offering the national minorities the appearance of participation in the management of their own affairs. | | | The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties. | | | The Soviet Union occupied the eastern portion of the European continent and the northern portion of the Asian continent. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USSR
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| | Construction details of the Soviet flags |
| | The colour plate (on whose backside is printed the b/w construction sheet) is said to have been published by decree of the Preasidium of the Supreme Soviet on 1980.08.15, although the preambulum of the Constitution (whose section VIII deals with the arms, flag, anthem and capital of the Soviet Union), was approved on 1977.10.07. | | | Reverse side of the soviet flag (at least since 1977) was plain red. | | | According to the Soviet Constitution of 1980, the reverse is plain red. |
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http://areciboweb.50megs.com/fotw/flags/su'.html
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| | Construction details of the Soviet flags |
| | The colour plate (on whose backside is printed the b/w construction sheet) is said to have been published by decree of the Preasidium of the Supreme Soviet on 1980.08.15, although the preambulum of the Constitution (whose section VIII deals with the arms, flag, anthem and capital of the Soviet Union), was approved on 1977.10.07. | | | Reverse side of the soviet flag (at least since 1977) was plain red. | | | According to the Soviet Constitution of 1980, the reverse is plain red. |
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http://fotw.fivestarflags.com/su%27.html
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| | Encyclopedia article on Soviet Union [EncycloZine] |
| | According to the 1977 Soviet Constitution, the government had a federal structure, permitting the republics some authority over policy implementation and offering the national minorities the appearance of participation in the management of their own affairs. | | | The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian, Ukrainian, Belorussian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties. | | | In contrast to the revolutionary spirit that accompanied the birth of the Soviet Union, the prevailing mood of the Soviet leadership at the time of Brezhnev's death in 1982 was one of aversion to change. |
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http://encyclozine.com/Soviet_Union
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| | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: The Brezhnev Era |
| | A new “Brezhnev” constitution was promulgated in 1977, but differed little from the preceding Stalin constitution. | | | In 1966 the position of first secretary of the CPSU again was called general secretary (as it had been until 1952), and the presidium of the supreme soviet reverted to the name politburo (short for political bureau). | | | During the Brezhnev era leading writers, scientists, and intellectuals protested certain aspects of Soviet life, especially curbs on the free flow of ideas, corruption in government, and inefficiency. |
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http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0861697.html
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| | Soviet Union biography .ms |
| | According to the most recent Soviet Constitution of 1977, the Soviet Union theoretically was a federal state consisting of fifteen republics joined together in a voluntary union and the government had a federal structure (see Constitution of the Soviet Union). | | | As the Russian republic's Boris Yeltsin eclipsed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in power, the Soviet Union was peacefully dissolved in December 1991. | | | The February and October Revolutions (see also Russian Revolution) were followed by a period of civil war, in which the Russian Socialist Federated Soviet Republic (RSFSR) and other Bolshevik led states came to control most of the former Russian Empire. |
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http://soviet-union.biography.ms
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| | Soviet Union article - Soviet Union Russian tr. Eurasia 1922 1991 Soviet Socialist Republics Russia - What-Means.com |
| | According to the most recent Soviet Constitution of 1977, the Soviet Union theoretically was a federal state consisting of fifteen republics joined together in a voluntary union and the government had a federal structure (see Constitution of the Soviet Union). | | | Russia was by far the largest Republic in the Soviet Union, dominating in nearly all respects: land area, population, economic output, and political influence. | | | As the Russian republic's Boris Yeltsin eclipsed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in power, the Soviet Union was peacefully dissolved in December 1991. |
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http://www.what-means.com/encyclopedia/Soviet_Union
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