|
| |
| | France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Under the constitution, the President of the French Republic is elected directly by universal adult suffrage for a 5-year (originally 7-year) term. | | | On May 29, 2005 the French electorate voted in the referendum with about 55% against ratification of the proposed Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe. | | | French Brie, the area where the famous Brie cheese is produced, is the part of Brie that was annexed to the royal demesne, as opposed to Champagne Brie (Brie champenoise) which was annexed by Champagne. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France
(6041 words)
|
|
| |
| | French language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The earliest extant text in French is the Oaths of Strasbourg from 842; Old French became a literary language with the chansons de geste that told tales of the paladins of Charlemagne and the heroes of the Crusades. | | | French has been the only official language of Quebec since 1974, although it is commonly (and incorrectly) believed that the designation of French as the sole official language occurred in 1977 with the adoption of the Charter of the French Language (which is popularly referred to as Bill 101). | | | French (français) is the third largest of the Romance languages in terms of number of native speakers, after Spanish and Portuguese, being spoken by about 87 million people as a mother tongue, and altogether by some 182 million people, which includes second-language speakers who use French for daily communication. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language
(3830 words)
|
|
| |
| | Canadian Senate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The presiding officer of the Senate, known as the Speaker, is appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. | | | The Senate (French: Sénat) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, which also includes the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the House of Commons. | | | The Senate is an appointed body, consisting of 105 members appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Senate
(4186 words)
|
|
| |
| | Encyclopedia: President of France |
| | French National Assembly has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister's gouvernement, the president is forced to name a prime minister that is agreeable to the majority of this assembly. | | | Upon the death or resignation of the President, the President of the The Senate (in French : le Sénat) is the upper house of the Parliament of France. | | | He was president of the French Senate from 1968 to 1992, and served twice as the countrys interim president. |
|
http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/President-of-France
(7277 words)
|
|
| |
| | French Consulate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In contradistinction to this opposition of senators and republican generals, the majority of the French populace remained uncritical of Bonaparte's authority. | | | The new Directory government, led by Sieyès, decided that the necessary revision of the constitution would require "a head" (his own) and "a sword" (a general to back him). | | | The Consulate was the government of France from 1799 to 1804—from the fall of the Directory in the coup of 18 Brumaire until the start of the Napoleonic Empire. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Consulate
(1623 words)
|
|
| |
| | History of the Peerage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | As the power of the monarchs slowly shifted to the ministers, peerage dignities came to be conferred at the behest of ministers, not at the pleasure of the Crown. | | | After the Union of the Crowns, however, the concept of the Peerage as a personal dignity, not a dignity affixed to land, became established in Scotland. | | | While the ranks of baron and earl perhaps predate the Peerage itself, the ranks of duke and marquess were not introduced in England until the fourteenth century. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Peerage
(3287 words)
|
|
| |
| | French Directory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Executive Directory (in French Directoire exécutif), commonly known as the Directory (or Directoire) held executive power in France from November 2, 1795 until November 10, 1799: from the end of the Convention to the beginning of the Consulate. | | | This occurred on November 9, 1799, which was 18 Brumaire in the year VIII under the French Revolutionary Calendar. | | | The puppet republics established by the French in Italy collapsed, and Suvorov defeated the French army on the Trebbia as it retreated from Naples. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Directory
(3551 words)
|
|
| |
| | Prime |
| | Prime Minister of Malaysia The Prime Minister of Malaysia is the elected Barisan Nasional. | | | Prime Minister of Jamaica The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Percival Patterson. | | | Prime Minister of the self-governing Crown Colony of... |
|
http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/topics/prime.html
(3551 words)
|
|
| |
| | PEERAGE - LoveToKnow Article on PEERAGE |
| | As feudal dignities were in their origin inseparable Peerage from the tenure of land it is not surprising that they becomes a too followed a similar course of descent, although Personal as the idea of a dignity being exclusively personal Dignity. | | | A peerage may not be limited to the grantee and his heirs-male for ever. | | | The course of descent must be known to the law; and so, in the first place, it follows that a peer cannot be created for life with a denial of succession to his descendants (unless it be as one of the lords of appeal in ordinary under the acts of 1876 and 1887). |
|
http://7.1911encyclopedia.org/P/PE/PEERAGE.htm
(14716 words)
|
|
| |
| | Charles de Gaulle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | On May 29 the French President, René Coty, appealed to the "most illustrious of Frenchmen" to become the last President of the Council (Prime Minister) of the Fourth Republic. | | | This stance created huge anger among the French settlers and their metropolitan supporters, and de Gaulle was forced to suppress two uprisings in Algeria by French settlers and troops, in the second of which (April 1961) France herself faced threatened invasion by rebel paratroops. | | | Soon enough, among the chaos and bewilderment that was France in June 1940, the news that a French general was in London refusing the tide of events and calling for the end of despair and the continuation of a winnable war was spread from mouths to mouths. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle
(14716 words)
|
|
| |
| | French Fifth Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Fifth Republic, with a president with significant official functions and a great political clout, is sometimes criticized as being "monarchic". | | | Charles de Gaulle used the crisis as an opportunity to create a new French government with a stronger office of president, which before was largely that of a figurehead. | | | The president was initially elected by an electoral college, but in 1962 de Gaulle proposed that the president should be directly elected by the citizens in a referendum. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic
(432 words)
|
|
| |
| | Charles VII, King of France (1403-1461) |
| | Charles was betrothed to Marie d'Anjou, daughter of Louis II, duc d'Anjou and Yolande d'Aragón. | | | The terms called for Henry V of England to marry Charles VI's daughter, Catherine, to be Regent of France until the death of Charles VI, and to be king of France afterwards. | | | Agnès Sorel was admitted to the court of Charles VII. |
|
http://xenophongroup.com/montjoie/chas_vii.htm
(432 words)
|
|
| |
| | U.S. Senate: Art & History Home > John R. French, Sergeant at Arms, 1869-1879 |
| | The large number of Senate investigations during this period placed great demands on Sergeant at Arms French to serve subpoenas, including one to his second cousin, Benjamin Brown French, a former clerk of the House of Representatives and commissioner of public buildings. | | | His involvement in local political activities led to his election to the Ohio house of representatives, where he served as a Republican in 1858 and 1859. | | | French's ten years as sergeant at arms spanned the post-Civil War Reconstruction era—a time of great turbulence for the Senate and the nation. |
|
http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/SAA_John_French.htm
(1338 words)
|
|
| |
| | French Directory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Executive Directory (in French Directoire exécutif), commonly known as the Directory (or Directoire) held executive power in France from 2 November 1795 until 10 November 1799: from the end of the Convention to the beginning of the Consulate. | | | The puppet republics established by the French in Italy collapsed, and Suvorov defeated the French army on the Trebbia as it retreated from Naples. | | | Notwithstanding the victory of Cape St Vincent, the United Kingdom was brought into such extreme peril by the mutinies in the fleet that she offered to acknowledge the French conquest of the Netherlands and to restore the French colonies. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Directory
(3515 words)
|
|
| |
| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: French Revolution |
| | Title II, Appointment to Benefice: Bishops should be appointed by the Electoral Assembly of the department; they should be invested and consecrated by the metropolitan and take an oath of fidelity to the nation, the King, the Law, and the Constitution; they should not seek any confirmation from the pope. | | | Before giving France a constitution the Assembly judged it necessary to draw up a "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen", which should form a preamble to the Constitution. | | | Camus's suggestion that to the declaration of the rights of man should be added a declaration of his duties, was rejected. |
|
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13009a.htm
(3515 words)
|
|
| |
| | [336 NLRB No. 125] United States Postal Service, 34-CA-9194 |
| | French grieved that decision and his grievance was upheld by O’Mara, Lombardozzi’s successor. | | | French inquired about returning to the bargaining unit and how it would affect his bargaining unit seniority. | | | As to the January 29 reduction in French’s seniority by 14 months, the evidence establishes conclusively that the sole reason Lombardozzi changed French’s position on the seniority list was at the insistence of Persico whom Lombardozzi knew was acting out of anger and retaliation. |
|
http://www.nlrb.gov/nlrb/shared_files/decisions/336/336-125.htm
(9489 words)
|
|
| |
| | FRENCH REVOLUTION - LoveToKnow Article on FRENCH REVOLUTION |
| | Without a pretence of negotiation the French government declared on the 16th of November that the Scheldt was thenceforwards open. | | | It was seen that the French were still able to wage war, and that the revolutionary spirit had permeated the adjoining countries, while the old governments of Europe, j~alous of one another and uncertain of the loyalty of their subjects, were ill qualified for resistance. | | | For the history of the Assemblies during the Revolution a main authority is their Procs verbaux or Journals; those of the Constituent Assembly in 75 vols., those of the Legislative Assembly in i6 vols.; those of the Convention in 74 vols., and those of the Councils under the Directory in 99 vols. |
|
http://66.1911encyclopedia.org/F/FR/FRENCH_REVOLUTION.htm
(23540 words)
|
|
| |
| | George Washington |
| | Washington, whose policy of neutrality angered the pro-French Jeffersonians, was horrified by the excesses of the French Revolution and enraged by the tactics of Edmond Genet, the French minister in the United States, which amounted to foreign interference in American politics. | | | By 1753 the growing rivalry between the British and French over control of the Ohio Valley, soon to erupt into the French and Indian War (1754-63), created new opportunities for the ambitious young Washington. | | | He first gained public notice when, as adjutant of one of Virginia's four military districts, he was dispatched (October 1753) by Gov. Robert Dinwiddie on a fruitless mission to warn the French commander at Fort Le Boeuf against further encroachment on territory claimed by Britain. |
|
http://sc94.ameslab.gov/TOUR/gwash.html
(2298 words)
|
|
| |
| | List of Presidents of the French Senate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | With the new constitution of the Fifth Republic in 1959, the older name of Senate was restored. | | | Although there had been Senates in both the First and Second Empires, these had not technically been legislative bodies, but rather advisory bodies on the model of the Roman Senate. | | | The Second Republic returned to a unicameral system after 1848, but soon after the establishment of the Third Republic in 1870, a Senate was established as the upper chamber. |
|
http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_French_Senate
(232 words)
|
|
| |
| | Bourbon Dynasty, Restored - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Following the ousting of the last king to rule France in 1848, the Second Republic was formed after the election of Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte as President (1848-1852), who subsequently had himself declared Emperor Napoleon III of the Second Empire from 1852- 1871. | | | The ensuing period is called the Restauration, following French usage, and is characterized by a sharp conservative reaction and the re-establishment of the Roman Catholic Church as a power in French politics. | | | However, the liberal, bourgeois-controlled Chamber of Deputies refused to confirm the Comte de Chambord as Henri V. In a vote largely boycotted by conservative deputies, the body declared the French throne vacant, and elevated Louis-Philippe, duc d'Orleans, to power. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Restoration
(1623 words)
|
|
| |
| | FRENCH REVOLUTION - LoveToKnow Article on FRENCH REVOLUTION |
| | Without a pretence of negotiation the French government declared on the 16th of November that the Scheldt was thenceforwards open. | | | French citizens were forbidden to acknowledge any ecclesiastical jurisdiction outside the kingdom. | | | Mounier and his friends having resigned their places in the Constitutional Committee, it came to an end and the Assembly elected a new Committee which represented the opinions of the Left. |
|
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/F/FR/FRENCH_REVOLUTION.htm
(1623 words)
|
|
| |
| | "French Senate Asks Ex-Premier's Trial in HIV Affair" |
| | The Assembly and Senate resolutions will be submitted to the Supreme Court, which will determine whether there are sufficient grounds to bring the three former ministers to a trial. | | | The French Senate decided yesterday to abide by the recommendation of the National Assembly and put former prime minister, Laurent Fabius, on trial for the scandal involving HIV-infected blood products. | | | The upper house vote cleared the way for Fabius, now leader of the governing Socialist Party, and two former ministers to stand trial before a parliamentary High Court on charges of neglecting to assist persons in danger. |
|
http://www.aegis.com/news/ads/1992/AD922470.html
(505 words)
|
|
| |
| | FRENCH SENATE APPROVES ARMENIAN GENOCIDE RESOLUTION |
| | The measure was finally adopted by the Senate, the upper house of the French Parliament, by a vote of 164 for, 40 against and 4 abstentions. | | | The French Assembly, the lower house of the Parliament, had adopted a similar resolution on May 29, 1998. | | | Armenian Genocide bill proponents, Senators Gilbert Charboux, Bernard Piras, and Gerard Collomb were among those speaking forcefully in support of the measure, while the Senate's France-Turkey Friendship Caucus Chairman Jacques-Richard Delong led the opposition. |
|
http://www.anca.org/press_releases/press_releases.php?prid=43
(514 words)
|
|
| |
| | CAT Report - France (1997) |
| | French law as it stands is consistent with this article as regards return ("refoulement") at the border, deportation from the territory (return to the frontier and expulsion) and extradition. | | | Article 113-5: French criminal law shall be applicable to any person who renders himself guilty within the territory of the Republic, as an accomplice, of a serious or ordinary offence committed abroad if that offence is punishable by both French and foreign law and is confirmed by a final decision of a foreign court; | | | In the French legal system, which is monistic, "Treaties or agreements duly ratified or approved shall, upon their publication, have an authority superior to that of laws, subject, for each agreement or treaty, to its application by the other party" (Constitution, art. |
|
http://www.law.wits.ac.za/humanrts/cat/france1997.html
(11814 words)
|
|
| |
| | National Convention - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | During the French Revolution, the National Convention or Convention, in France, comprised the constitutional and legislative assembly which sat from September 20, 1792 to October 26, 1795 (the 4th of Brumaire of the year IV). | | | This article is about a legislative body and constitutional convention during the French Revolution. | | | At the same time it was decided that the deputies to that convention should be elected by all Frenchmen 25 years old or more, domiciled for a year and living by the product of their labour. |
|
http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_National_Convention
(999 words)
|
|
| |
| | France - Free Encyclopedia |
| | The Senate's legislative powers are limited; the National Assembly has the last word in the event of a disagreement between the two houses. | | | Though the French monarchy is often dated to the 5th century, France's continuous existence as a separate entity begins with the 9th-century division of Charlemagne's Frankish empire into an eastern and a western part. | | | They continue to use the French Pacific Franc as their currency, which was unaffected by the French franc's replacement by the Euro in 2002. |
|
http://www.wacklepedia.com/f/fr/france_1.html
(1336 words)
|
|
| |
| | French Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | This date was later retroactively adopted as the beginning of Year One of the French Revolutionary Calendar. | | | The Concordat of 1801 between the National Assembly and the Church ended the dechristianisation period and established the rules for a relationship between the Catholic Church and the French State that lasted until it was abrogated by the Third Republic on the separation of church and state on December 11, 1905. | | | In the Brunswick Manifesto, the Imperial and Prussian armies threatened retaliation on the French population should it resist their advance or the reinstatement of the monarchy. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution
(1336 words)
|
|
|
